Lianyungang
Encyclopedia
Lianyungang is a prefecture-level city
in northeastern Jiangsu
province, People's Republic of China
. It borders Yancheng
to its southeast, Huai'an
and Suqian
to its south, Xuzhou
to its southwest, and the province of Shandong
to its north. Its name derives from Lian Island
(formally Dongxilian Island) the largest island in Jiangsu Province which lies off its coastline, and Yuntai Mountain
, the highest peak in Jiangsu Province, a few miles from its town center, and the fact that it is a port.
Lianyungang (as Yuntai Mountain) was known in the West as Haichow (Wade-Giles romanization). This was one of the four original ports opened up for foreign trade in the 1680s by the Qing Dynasty
Government. The others were Ningbo
, Xiamen
and Guangzhou
.
of Lianyungang administers 7 county-level divisions, including 3 districts and 4 counties.
and the proposed Northern East West Freight Corridor
, is one of the first 14 Chinese coastal cities opening to the outside world, and is a rising centre of industry, foreign trade and tourism in east China.
This port is located in the center of the coast, linking eastern sea routes with western land routes. Both Japan
and the Republic of Korea
in the east can be reached economically and conveniently from Liangyungang, which is also part of the worldwide network of sea transport. As well as this, the New Eurasia Continental Landbridge and the railway networks in Western Europe continue by land, connecting Lianyungang with over 40 countries and regions in Europe
, South Asia
and the Middle East
.
At present, the Chinese government
has clearly stated its intention to build an economic belt along the New Eurasia Continental landbridge in "the 9th Five-Year Plan of the National Economy and Social Development and the Long-range Goal for the Year 2010"; and on "China's 21st Century Agenda", Lianyungang is to be developed into an international seaport linking countries on the Pacific rim with those in Central Asia. In the "National Ocean Development Plan" it is listed as one of three special development zones.
Lianyungang Economic & Technological Development Zone (LETDZ) was approved by the State Council as one of the first batch of state-level development zones in December 1984，it is located in the eastern new seashore urban area of Liangyungang City. Distance to nearest airport, Liangyungang Airport is 10–20 km and distance to nearest highway G310 is 10–20 km. Distance to nearest port, Lianyungang port is 20–50 km.
Lianyungang Export Processing Zone is located in Lianyungang Economic & Technological Development Zone (LETDZ).
, Shanghai
, Guangzhou
, Nanjing
, Xuzhou
, Ningbo
, Guilin
, Dalian
, Shenyang
, Guilin
, Shenzhen
(2009.10.01).
The city serves as the designated starting point for the New Eurasian Land Bridge
, a rail link from China to western Europe.
also commonly known as the Monkey King from the epic novel Journey to the West
. In this hole, underneath the mountain is where he and his monkey subjects lived. After learning The Way
, the Monkey King travelled back to the hole behind the waterfall so that he and his subjects could eat and play for eternity. Eventually, the Jade Emperor
sent several heavenly armies to battle him at this very spot because of his misdeeds. While the Monkey King story is a work of fiction, Xuanzang
the monk who he accompanies on the journey of the novel, was based on a historical person.
with:
- Sakai
, Japan
(1983.12.03) - City of Greater Geelong
, Victoria
, Australia
(1991.11.09) - Mokpo
, South Korea
(1992.11.01) - Napier
, Hawke's Bay, New Zealand
(1994.06.03) - Volzhsky
, Russia
(1997.12.18) - Saga
, Japan
(1998.11.21)
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
in northeastern Jiangsu
Jiangsu
' is a province of the People's Republic of China, located along the east coast of the country. The name comes from jiang, short for the city of Jiangning , and su, for the city of Suzhou. The abbreviation for this province is "苏" , the second character of its name...
province, People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
. It borders Yancheng
Yancheng
Yancheng is a prefecture-level city in northeastern Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China. The city with the largest jurisdiction area in Jiangsu, Yancheng borders Lianyungang to the north, Huai'an to the west, Yangzhou and Taizhou to the southwest, Nantong to the south, and looks out to...
to its southeast, Huai'an
Huai'an
Huai'an , known as Huaiyin before 2001, is a prefecture-level city in northern Jiangsu province of Eastern China. It borders Suqian to the northwest, Lianyungang to the north, Yancheng to the east, Yangzhou to the southeast, and the province of Anhui to the southwest.The municipality has 4,799,889...
and Suqian
Suqian
Suqian is a prefecture-level city in northern Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. It borders Xuzhou to the northwest, Lianyungang to the northeast, Huai'an to the south, and the province of Anhui to the west.-Administration:...
to its south, Xuzhou
Xuzhou
Xuzhou , otherwise known as Pengcheng in ancient times, is a major city in and the fourth largest prefecture-level city of Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China...
to its southwest, and the province of Shandong
Shandong
' is a Province located on the eastern coast of the People's Republic of China. Shandong has played a major role in Chinese history from the beginning of Chinese civilization along the lower reaches of the Yellow River and served as a pivotal cultural and religious site for Taoism, Chinese...
to its north. Its name derives from Lian Island
Lian Island
Lian Island is the largest island in Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China. The island is located inside Haizhou Bay in the Yellow Sea. It is 9 kilometers long from east to west across the island and it has an area of 7.57 square kilometers. 80% of the island is covered with forests...
(formally Dongxilian Island) the largest island in Jiangsu Province which lies off its coastline, and Yuntai Mountain
Yuntai Mountain
Yuntai Mountain could refer to the following mountains in China:*Yuntai Mountain , near Jiaozuo, Henan*Yuntai Mountain , near Lianyungang, Jiangsu...
, the highest peak in Jiangsu Province, a few miles from its town center, and the fact that it is a port.
Lianyungang (as Yuntai Mountain) was known in the West as Haichow (Wade-Giles romanization). This was one of the four original ports opened up for foreign trade in the 1680s by the Qing Dynasty
Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917. It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and followed by the Republic of China....
Government. The others were Ningbo
Ningbo
Ningbo is a seaport city of northeastern Zhejiang province, Eastern China. Holding sub-provincial administrative status, the municipality has a population of 7,605,700 inhabitants at the 2010 census whom 3,089,180 in the built up area made of 6 urban districts. It lies south of the Hangzhou Bay,...
, Xiamen
Xiamen
Xiamen , also known as Amoy , is a major city on the southeast coast of the People's Republic of China. It is administered as a sub-provincial city of Fujian province with an area of and population of 3.53 million...
and Guangzhou
Guangzhou
Guangzhou , known historically as Canton or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of the Guangdong province in the People's Republic of China. Located in southern China on the Pearl River, about north-northwest of Hong Kong, Guangzhou is a key national transportation hub and trading port...
.
Administration
The prefecture-level cityPrefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
of Lianyungang administers 7 county-level divisions, including 3 districts and 4 counties.
- Lianyun DistrictLianyun DistrictLianyun District is a district of Jiangsu, China. It is under the administration of Lianyungang city.-References:*...
(连云区) - Xinpu DistrictXinpu DistrictXinpu is a city district in the Chinese province of Jiangsu in the People's Republic of China. It is part of the city-level prefecture of Lianyungang.The population as of was 322 000....
(新浦区) - Haizhou DistrictHaizhou DistrictHaizhou District is a district of Jiangsu, China. It is under the administration of Lianyungang city.-References:*...
(海州区) - Donghai CountyDonghai CountyDonghai County is a county of Jiangsu province, China. It is under the administration of Lianyungang city.-References:*...
(东海县) - Ganyu CountyGanyu County-References:*...
(赣榆县) - Guanyun CountyGuanyun CountyGuanyun County is a county of Jiangsu, China. It is under the administration of Lianyungang city.-General Information:Guanyun is a county under the jurisdiction of Lianyungang that is one of thirteen prefecture cities of Jiangsu Province...
(灌云县) - Guannan CountyGuannan CountyGuannan County is a county of Jiangsu, China. It is under the administration of Lianyungang city.-References:*...
(灌南县)
Geography
Lianyungang is situated between 118°24' and 119°48' east longitude and 34°11' and 35°07' north latitude. Lianyungang covers an area of 7,777 km².Economy
Lianyungang is the eastern end of the New Eurasian Land BridgeNew Eurasian Land Bridge
The New Eurasian Land Bridge, also called the Second or New Eurasian Continental Bridge, is a term used to describe the branch of the Eurasian Land Bridge running through the People's Republic of China. The Eurasian Land Bridge is the overland rail link between East Asia and Europe...
and the proposed Northern East West Freight Corridor
Northern East West Freight Corridor
The Northern East West Freight Corridor, usually referred to as the N.E.W. Corridor, is a project organized by the International Union of Railways UIC and Transportutvikling AS to connect the east coast of the United States to East Asia by train and ship....
, is one of the first 14 Chinese coastal cities opening to the outside world, and is a rising centre of industry, foreign trade and tourism in east China.
This port is located in the center of the coast, linking eastern sea routes with western land routes. Both Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
and the Republic of Korea
Korea
Korea ) is an East Asian geographic region that is currently divided into two separate sovereign states — North Korea and South Korea. Located on the Korean Peninsula, Korea is bordered by the People's Republic of China to the northwest, Russia to the northeast, and is separated from Japan to the...
in the east can be reached economically and conveniently from Liangyungang, which is also part of the worldwide network of sea transport. As well as this, the New Eurasia Continental Landbridge and the railway networks in Western Europe continue by land, connecting Lianyungang with over 40 countries and regions in Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
, South Asia
South Asia
South Asia, also known as Southern Asia, is the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan countries and, for some authorities , also includes the adjoining countries to the west and the east...
and the Middle East
Middle East
The Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and Northern Africa. It is often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East...
.
At present, the Chinese government
Government of the People's Republic of China
All power within the government of the People's Republic of China is divided among three bodies: the People's Republic of China, State Council, and the People's Liberation Army . This article is concerned with the formal structure of the state, its departments and their responsibilities...
has clearly stated its intention to build an economic belt along the New Eurasia Continental landbridge in "the 9th Five-Year Plan of the National Economy and Social Development and the Long-range Goal for the Year 2010"; and on "China's 21st Century Agenda", Lianyungang is to be developed into an international seaport linking countries on the Pacific rim with those in Central Asia. In the "National Ocean Development Plan" it is listed as one of three special development zones.
Industry
- Lianyungang Economic & Technological Development Zone
Lianyungang Economic & Technological Development Zone (LETDZ) was approved by the State Council as one of the first batch of state-level development zones in December 1984，it is located in the eastern new seashore urban area of Liangyungang City. Distance to nearest airport, Liangyungang Airport is 10–20 km and distance to nearest highway G310 is 10–20 km. Distance to nearest port, Lianyungang port is 20–50 km.
- Lianyungang Export Processing Zone
Lianyungang Export Processing Zone is located in Lianyungang Economic & Technological Development Zone (LETDZ).
Transport
Lianyungang has convenient transport including highway, railway, port, airport. Lianyungang Baitabu Airport (连云港白塔埠机场) provides schedule passenger service to major airports in China, including BeijingBeijing
Beijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
, Shanghai
Shanghai
Shanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010...
, Guangzhou
Guangzhou
Guangzhou , known historically as Canton or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of the Guangdong province in the People's Republic of China. Located in southern China on the Pearl River, about north-northwest of Hong Kong, Guangzhou is a key national transportation hub and trading port...
, Nanjing
Nanjing
' is the capital of Jiangsu province in China and has a prominent place in Chinese history and culture, having been the capital of China on several occasions...
, Xuzhou
Xuzhou
Xuzhou , otherwise known as Pengcheng in ancient times, is a major city in and the fourth largest prefecture-level city of Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China...
, Ningbo
Ningbo
Ningbo is a seaport city of northeastern Zhejiang province, Eastern China. Holding sub-provincial administrative status, the municipality has a population of 7,605,700 inhabitants at the 2010 census whom 3,089,180 in the built up area made of 6 urban districts. It lies south of the Hangzhou Bay,...
, Guilin
Guilin
Guilin is a prefecture-level city in the northeast of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of far southern China, sitting on the west bank of the Li River. Its name means "forest of Sweet Osmanthus", owing to the large number of fragrant Sweet Osmanthus trees located in the city...
, Dalian
Dalian
Dalian is a major city and seaport in the south of Liaoning province, Northeast China. It faces Shandong to the south, the Yellow Sea to the east and the Bohai Sea to the west and south. Holding sub-provincial administrative status, Dalian is the southernmost city of Northeast China and China's...
, Shenyang
Shenyang
Shenyang , or Mukden , is the capital and largest city of Liaoning Province in Northeast China. Currently holding sub-provincial administrative status, the city was once known as Shengjing or Fengtianfu...
, Guilin
Guilin
Guilin is a prefecture-level city in the northeast of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of far southern China, sitting on the west bank of the Li River. Its name means "forest of Sweet Osmanthus", owing to the large number of fragrant Sweet Osmanthus trees located in the city...
, Shenzhen
Shenzhen
Shenzhen is a major city in the south of Southern China's Guangdong Province, situated immediately north of Hong Kong. The area became China's first—and one of the most successful—Special Economic Zones...
(2009.10.01).
The city serves as the designated starting point for the New Eurasian Land Bridge
New Eurasian Land Bridge
The New Eurasian Land Bridge, also called the Second or New Eurasian Continental Bridge, is a term used to describe the branch of the Eurasian Land Bridge running through the People's Republic of China. The Eurasian Land Bridge is the overland rail link between East Asia and Europe...
, a rail link from China to western Europe.
Tourism
Lianyungang is small, but is famous for its Huaguoshan Shuiliandong (花果山, 水帘洞) attraction. Shuiliandong literally means the "Water Curtain Hole," since, according to legend, the hole was hidden behind a waterfall, therefore resembling a "curtain of water." The hole is famous because according to legend it is the home of Sun WukongSun Wukong
Sun Wukong , also known as the Monkey King is a main character in the classical Chinese epic novel Journey to the West . In the novel, he is a monkey born from a stone who acquires supernatural powers through Taoist practices...
also commonly known as the Monkey King from the epic novel Journey to the West
Journey to the West
Journey to the West is one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature. It was written by Wu Cheng'en in the 16th century. In English-speaking countries, the tale is also often known simply as Monkey. This was one title used for a popular, abridged translation by Arthur Waley...
. In this hole, underneath the mountain is where he and his monkey subjects lived. After learning The Way
Tao
Dao or Tao is a Chinese word meaning 'way', 'path', 'route', or sometimes more loosely, 'doctrine' or 'principle'...
, the Monkey King travelled back to the hole behind the waterfall so that he and his subjects could eat and play for eternity. Eventually, the Jade Emperor
Jade Emperor
The Jade Emperor in Chinese folk culture, is the ruler of Heaven and all realms of existence below including that of Man and Hell, according to a version of Taoist mythology. He is one of the most important gods of the Chinese traditional religion pantheon...
sent several heavenly armies to battle him at this very spot because of his misdeeds. While the Monkey King story is a work of fiction, Xuanzang
Xuanzang
Xuanzang was a famous Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, traveler, and translator who described the interaction between China and India in the early Tang period...
the monk who he accompanies on the journey of the novel, was based on a historical person.
Family planning
In a nation with a male-to-female ratio that is skewed toward males, Lianyungang is a typical example. According to the China Family Planning Association, there are 133.5 boys for every 100 girls in the city, mainly due to females being aborted.Twin towns — Sister cities
Lianyungang is twinnedTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with:
- Sakai
Sakai, Osaka
is a city in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. It has been one of the largest and most important seaports of Japan since the Medieval era.Following the February 2005 annexation of the town of Mihara, from Minamikawachi District, the city has grown further and is now the fourteenth most populous city in...
, Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
(1983.12.03) - City of Greater Geelong
City of Greater Geelong
The City of Greater Geelong is a Local Government Area in Victoria, Australia.It is located in the western part of the state, south-west of Melbourne. It has an area of 1,240 square kilometres. In 2006 it had a population of 191,000...
, Victoria
Victoria (Australia)
Victoria is the second most populous state in Australia. Geographically the smallest mainland state, Victoria is bordered by New South Wales, South Australia, and Tasmania on Boundary Islet to the north, west and south respectively....
, Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
(1991.11.09) - Mokpo
Mokpo
Mokpo is a city in South Jeolla Province, South Korea, on the southwestern tip of the Korean Peninsula. Mokpo has frequent train service to Seoul and is the terminus for a number of ferry routes serving islands in the adjacent Yellow Sea...
, South Korea
South Korea
The Republic of Korea , , is a sovereign state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, North Korea to the north, and the East China Sea and Republic of China to the south...
(1992.11.01) - Napier
Napier, New Zealand
Napier is a New Zealand city with a seaport, located in Hawke's Bay on the eastern coast of the North Island. The population of Napier is about About 18 kilometres south of Napier is the inland city of Hastings. These two neighboring cities are often called "The Twin Cities" or "The Bay Cities"...
, Hawke's Bay, New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...
(1994.06.03) - Volzhsky
Volzhsky, Volgograd Oblast
Volzhsky is an industrial city in Volgograd Oblast, Russia, located on the east bank of the Volga River and its distributary the Akhtuba, northeast of Volgograd. Population:...
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
(1997.12.18) - Saga
Saga, Saga
is the capital of Saga Prefecture, located on the island of Kyūshū, Japan.Saga was the capital of Saga Domain in the Edo period, and largest city of former Hizen Province....
, Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
(1998.11.21)