Li Liejun
Encyclopedia
Li Liejun, 李烈钧, was a Chinese revolutionary leader and general.
Li was born in Wuning, Jiangxi
, China. He went on to get a higher education and was sent to the Imperial Japanese Army Academy where he joined the Chinese Revolutionary Alliance. After returning to China he took part in several anti-Qing movements.
Following the Xinhai Revolution
Li was appointed Military Governor of Jiangxi
Province 1912. He was deposed by Yuan Shikai
in 1913 as a step to weaken the Kuomintang
(KMT) democratic bloc control gubernatorial posts. Li rose up against Yuan at Hukou
, Jiangxi, on 12 July 1913, with the support of Sun Yat-sen
. In 1916 after Yuan Shikai tried to become Emperor of China, province after province rebelled starting with Yunnan
, and Jiangxi, led by Li Liejun. The revoltionaries formed the National Protection Army (護國軍) and began the National Protection War
. This was followed by other provinces declaring independence from the Empire. In 1917, he took the post of chief of staff
of the Constitutional Protection Movement.
He remained an important decision-maker in the Kuomintang government after Chiang Kai-shek
took power in 1925. Appointed as a State Councilor of the Nationalist Government in 1931 he was nominated a member of the National Military Council
in 1932 and served until 1945. He died on February 20, 1946, in Chongqing
.
Li was born in Wuning, Jiangxi
Jiangxi
' is a southern province in the People's Republic of China. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze River in the north into hillier areas in the south, it shares a border with Anhui to the north, Zhejiang to the northeast, Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, Hunan to the west, and Hubei to...
, China. He went on to get a higher education and was sent to the Imperial Japanese Army Academy where he joined the Chinese Revolutionary Alliance. After returning to China he took part in several anti-Qing movements.
Following the Xinhai Revolution
Xinhai Revolution
The Xinhai Revolution or Hsinhai Revolution, also known as Revolution of 1911 or the Chinese Revolution, was a revolution that overthrew China's last imperial dynasty, the Qing , and established the Republic of China...
Li was appointed Military Governor of Jiangxi
Jiangxi
' is a southern province in the People's Republic of China. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze River in the north into hillier areas in the south, it shares a border with Anhui to the north, Zhejiang to the northeast, Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, Hunan to the west, and Hubei to...
Province 1912. He was deposed by Yuan Shikai
Yuan Shikai
Yuan Shikai was an important Chinese general and politician famous for his influence during the late Qing Dynasty, his role in the events leading up to the abdication of the last Qing Emperor of China, his autocratic rule as the second President of the Republic of China , and his short-lived...
in 1913 as a step to weaken the Kuomintang
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...
(KMT) democratic bloc control gubernatorial posts. Li rose up against Yuan at Hukou
Hukou
A Hukou or huji refers to the system of 'class system' residency permits which dates back to ancient China, where household registration is required by law in People's Republic of China and Republic of China ....
, Jiangxi, on 12 July 1913, with the support of Sun Yat-sen
Sun Yat-sen
Sun Yat-sen was a Chinese doctor, revolutionary and political leader. As the foremost pioneer of Nationalist China, Sun is frequently referred to as the "Father of the Nation" , a view agreed upon by both the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China...
. In 1916 after Yuan Shikai tried to become Emperor of China, province after province rebelled starting with Yunnan
Yunnan
Yunnan is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the far southwest of the country spanning approximately and with a population of 45.7 million . The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders Burma, Laos, and Vietnam.Yunnan is situated in a mountainous area, with...
, and Jiangxi, led by Li Liejun. The revoltionaries formed the National Protection Army (護國軍) and began the National Protection War
National Protection War
The National Protection War , also known as the anti-Monarchy War, was a civil war that took place in China between 1915 and 1916. The cause of this war was Yuan Shikai's proclamation of himself as Emperor. Only three years earlier, the last Chinese dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, had been overthrown...
. This was followed by other provinces declaring independence from the Empire. In 1917, he took the post of chief of staff
Chief of Staff
The title, chief of staff, identifies the leader of a complex organization, institution, or body of persons and it also may identify a Principal Staff Officer , who is the coordinator of the supporting staff or a primary aide to an important individual, such as a president.In general, a chief of...
of the Constitutional Protection Movement.
He remained an important decision-maker in the Kuomintang government after Chiang Kai-shek
Chiang Kai-shek
Chiang Kai-shek was a political and military leader of 20th century China. He is known as Jiǎng Jièshí or Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng in Mandarin....
took power in 1925. Appointed as a State Councilor of the Nationalist Government in 1931 he was nominated a member of the National Military Council
National Military Council
The command of the Chinese National Revolutionary Army was directed by the National Military Council , chaired by Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II...
in 1932 and served until 1945. He died on February 20, 1946, in Chongqing
Chongqing
Chongqing is a major city in Southwest China and one of the five national central cities of China. Administratively, it is one of the PRC's four direct-controlled municipalities , and the only such municipality in inland China.The municipality was created on 14 March 1997, succeeding the...
.
External links
- Generals from China:Li Liejun photo
- Rulers; Index Li-Ll; Li Liejun photo, biography
- baidu.com: 李烈钧 photo, biography