Le Parcq
Encyclopedia
Le Parcq is a commune
in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France
.
, on the N39 road, in the valley of the Ternoise
river.
.
(on the current site of Vieil-Hesdin
) by Baldwin I of Constantinople
or Baudouin IX, Count of Flanders
in about 1208. It was a wooden enclosure surrounded by walls within which wild animals were placed in large numbers.
In 1329, portcullis
es were installed at all the gates of the castle. Unfortunately, in 1335, Edward III destroyed the castle just before the start of the Hundred Years War. This destruction was continued in 1337 by Charles III of Navarre
who brought down the walls. In 1395, Philip II of Burgundy restored the castle walls.
Several people were employed daily to feed the animals in the park which also had a vast falconry
centre and two fishing lakes. The park totalled 940 hectare
s with a perimeter of approximately 8 miles (13 km), opening onto the outside world by many gates.
After the destruction of Vieil-Hesdin
in) 1553 by Charles V
, the park was, at the initiative of Philippe V of France, made the parkland available to those displaced by the fall of the old town, who wished to build new homes on the parkland. To attract more people, tax benefits were given, on February 25, 1586 to all those moving into the area.
Thus, the park became a village
, originally known as Parc-lès-Hesdin. The municipality was formally recognized in 1670 and on February 8, 1816, Le Parcq also became chef-lieu
of the canton by royal decree.
Communes of France
The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. French communes are roughly equivalent to incorporated municipalities or villages in the United States or Gemeinden in Germany...
in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
.
Geography
Le Parcq lies about 18 miles (29 km) southeast of Montreuil-sur-MerMontreuil-sur-Mer
Montreuil or Montreuil-sur-Mer is a sub-prefecture in the Pas-de-Calais department in northern France. It is located on the Canche river, not far from Étaples...
, on the N39 road, in the valley of the Ternoise
Ternoise
The river Ternoise is one of the small chalk streams that flow from the plateau of the southern Boulonnais and Picardy, via the Canche, into the English Channel. The basin of the Ternoise extends to 342 km² and lies in the southern end of the département of Pas-de-Calais...
river.
Administration
Since the 1st January 2007, the canton of Le Parcq has been part of the arrondissement of Montreuil-sur-Mer (Order of 18 October 2006. Previously, Le Parcq was in the arrondissement of ArrasArrondissement of Arras
The arrondissement of Arras is an arrondissement of France, located in the Pas-de-Calais département, in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais région...
.
Population
History
The establishment of Le Parcq dates from the founding of a castleCastle
A castle is a type of fortified structure built in Europe and the Middle East during the Middle Ages by European nobility. Scholars debate the scope of the word castle, but usually consider it to be the private fortified residence of a lord or noble...
(on the current site of Vieil-Hesdin
Vieil-Hesdin
Vieil-Hesdin is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France.-Geography:Vieil-Hesdin is situated 6 kilometres southeast of Hesdin, on the banks of the river Canche on the D340 highway.-History:...
) by Baldwin I of Constantinople
Baldwin I of Constantinople
Baldwin I , the first emperor of the Latin Empire of Constantinople, as Baldwin IX Count of Flanders and as Baldwin VI Count of Hainaut, was one of the most prominent leaders of the Fourth Crusade, which resulted in the capture of Constantinople, the conquest of the greater part of the Byzantine...
or Baudouin IX, Count of Flanders
Count of Flanders
The Count of Flanders was the ruler or sub-ruler of the county of Flanders from the 9th century until the abolition of the position by the French revolutionaries in 1790....
in about 1208. It was a wooden enclosure surrounded by walls within which wild animals were placed in large numbers.
In 1329, portcullis
Portcullis
A portcullis is a latticed grille made of wood, metal, fibreglass or a combination of the three. Portcullises fortified the entrances to many medieval castles, acting as a last line of defence during time of attack or siege...
es were installed at all the gates of the castle. Unfortunately, in 1335, Edward III destroyed the castle just before the start of the Hundred Years War. This destruction was continued in 1337 by Charles III of Navarre
Charles III of Navarre
Charles III , called the Noble, was King of Navarre from 1387 to his death and Count of Évreux from 1387 to 1404, when he exchanged it for the title Duke of Nemours...
who brought down the walls. In 1395, Philip II of Burgundy restored the castle walls.
Several people were employed daily to feed the animals in the park which also had a vast falconry
Falconry
Falconry is "the taking of wild quarry in its natural state and habitat by means of a trained raptor". There are two traditional terms used to describe a person involved in falconry: a falconer flies a falcon; an austringer flies a hawk or an eagle...
centre and two fishing lakes. The park totalled 940 hectare
Hectare
The hectare is a metric unit of area defined as 10,000 square metres , and primarily used in the measurement of land. In 1795, when the metric system was introduced, the are was defined as being 100 square metres and the hectare was thus 100 ares or 1/100 km2...
s with a perimeter of approximately 8 miles (13 km), opening onto the outside world by many gates.
After the destruction of Vieil-Hesdin
Vieil-Hesdin
Vieil-Hesdin is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France.-Geography:Vieil-Hesdin is situated 6 kilometres southeast of Hesdin, on the banks of the river Canche on the D340 highway.-History:...
in) 1553 by Charles V
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles V was ruler of the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 and, as Charles I, of the Spanish Empire from 1516 until his voluntary retirement and abdication in favor of his younger brother Ferdinand I and his son Philip II in 1556.As...
, the park was, at the initiative of Philippe V of France, made the parkland available to those displaced by the fall of the old town, who wished to build new homes on the parkland. To attract more people, tax benefits were given, on February 25, 1586 to all those moving into the area.
Thus, the park became a village
Village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet with the population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand , Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods, such as the West Village in Manhattan, New...
, originally known as Parc-lès-Hesdin. The municipality was formally recognized in 1670 and on February 8, 1816, Le Parcq also became chef-lieu
Chef-lieu
A chef-lieu is a town or city that is pre-eminent, from an administrative perspective, in any given sub-division of territory in France and some French-speaking countries.-In Algeria:...
of the canton by royal decree.
Places of interest
- The Château d'Estruval
- The sixteenth century church of St.Nicholas.
- Notre Dame de Bon Secours chapel dating from 1871
- Notre Dame du Chêne chapel.
- Château of Vieil-HesdinVieil-HesdinVieil-Hesdin is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France.-Geography:Vieil-Hesdin is situated 6 kilometres southeast of Hesdin, on the banks of the river Canche on the D340 highway.-History:...
dating from the eleventh century.