Laxenburg
Encyclopedia
Laxenburg is a town in the district of Mödling
in the Austria
n state of Lower Austria
, near Vienna
.
, which, beside Schönbrunn
, was the most important summer seat of the Habsburg
dynasty.
This castle became a Habsburg possession in 1333 and was extended in the 17th century by Lodovico Burnacini. The Blauer Hof (German for: blue court) or Neues Schloss (German for: new castle) was built
around 1745 during the reign of empress Maria Theresia and has a Rococo
interior.
The church of Laxenburg, which was the first building north of the Alps containing swung facade components (characteristics of the high baroque
), was built between 1693 and 1703 by Carlo Antonio Carlone and continued between 1703 and 1724 by Matthias Steinl
.
After 1780, the castle garden was rearranged as an English
landscape garden. It contains several artificial ponds, and, on an island, the Franzensburg
castle, named after emperor Franz I, can be found.
In 1849, the current political municipality was founded. In 1919, the city of Vienna
took over the war-damaged castle. Since then, the city of Vienna became the property owner of the park area of Laxenburg.
After the Anschluss
of Austria in 1938, the municipality of Laxenburg became part of the city Vienna
. In 1954, the place became independent again and was returned to Lower Austria
.
The International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), a non-governmental research organization, has been located in Laxenburg since 1973.
The International Anti-Corruption Academy
is also located in Laxenburg, in the historic Palais Kaunitz-
Wittgenstein.
Mödling (district)
Bezirk Mödling is a district of the state of Lower Austria in Austria.-Municipalities:Suburbs, hamlets and other subdivisions of a municipality are indicated in small characters.* Achau* Biedermannsdorf* Breitenfurt bei Wien* Brunn am Gebirge...
in the Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
n state of Lower Austria
Lower Austria
Lower Austria is the northeasternmost state of the nine states in Austria. The capital of Lower Austria since 1986 is Sankt Pölten, the most recently designated capital town in Austria. The capital of Lower Austria had formerly been Vienna, even though Vienna is not officially part of Lower Austria...
, near Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
.
History
The place is well-known for its castle, Schloss LaxenburgSchloss Laxenburg
Laxenburg castles are imperial palaces and castles outside Vienna, in the town of Laxenburg, Lower Austria. The castles became a Habsburg possession in 1333 and formerly served as a summer retreat, along with Schönbrunn palace, for the imperial Habsburg dynasty. Blauer Hof Palace was the birthplace...
, which, beside Schönbrunn
Schönbrunn
Schönbrunn may refer to:*Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, Austria*Schönbrunn , a municipality in Rhein-Neckar , Baden-Württemberg, Germany*Schönbrunn , a village in the Fichtelgebirge mountains in Bavaria, Germany...
, was the most important summer seat of the Habsburg
Habsburg
The House of Habsburg , also found as Hapsburg, and also known as House of Austria is one of the most important royal houses of Europe and is best known for being an origin of all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1438 and 1740, as well as rulers of the Austrian Empire and...
dynasty.
This castle became a Habsburg possession in 1333 and was extended in the 17th century by Lodovico Burnacini. The Blauer Hof (German for: blue court) or Neues Schloss (German for: new castle) was built
around 1745 during the reign of empress Maria Theresia and has a Rococo
Rococo
Rococo , also referred to as "Late Baroque", is an 18th-century style which developed as Baroque artists gave up their symmetry and became increasingly ornate, florid, and playful...
interior.
The church of Laxenburg, which was the first building north of the Alps containing swung facade components (characteristics of the high baroque
Baroque
The Baroque is a period and the style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, literature, dance, and music...
), was built between 1693 and 1703 by Carlo Antonio Carlone and continued between 1703 and 1724 by Matthias Steinl
Matthias Steinl
Matthias Steinl was an Austrian painter, architect and designer, and one of the country's best known Baroque sculptors...
.
After 1780, the castle garden was rearranged as an English
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
landscape garden. It contains several artificial ponds, and, on an island, the Franzensburg
Franzensburg
Franzensburg is a castle in Laxenburg, Lower Austria, Austria.-References:This article was initially translated from the German Wikipedia....
castle, named after emperor Franz I, can be found.
In 1849, the current political municipality was founded. In 1919, the city of Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
took over the war-damaged castle. Since then, the city of Vienna became the property owner of the park area of Laxenburg.
After the Anschluss
Anschluss
The Anschluss , also known as the ', was the occupation and annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany in 1938....
of Austria in 1938, the municipality of Laxenburg became part of the city Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
. In 1954, the place became independent again and was returned to Lower Austria
Lower Austria
Lower Austria is the northeasternmost state of the nine states in Austria. The capital of Lower Austria since 1986 is Sankt Pölten, the most recently designated capital town in Austria. The capital of Lower Austria had formerly been Vienna, even though Vienna is not officially part of Lower Austria...
.
The International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), a non-governmental research organization, has been located in Laxenburg since 1973.
The International Anti-Corruption Academy
International Anti-Corruption Academy
The International Anti-Corruption Academy is an international organization , whose purpose is to address the current shortcomings in the fight against corruption...
is also located in Laxenburg, in the historic Palais Kaunitz-
Wittgenstein.
Notable natives
- Johann NattererJohann NattererJohann Natterer was an Austrian naturalist and explorer.In 1817, Emperor Franz IIfinanced an expedition to Brazil on the occasion of the wedding of his daughter Archduchess Leopoldina to the Portuguese crown prince, Dom Pedro of Alcantara...
, (9 November 1787, in Laxenburg - 17 June 1843, in ViennaViennaVienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
) - AustriaAustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
n zoologist and naturalistNatural historyNatural history is the scientific research of plants or animals, leaning more towards observational rather than experimental methods of study, and encompasses more research published in magazines than in academic journals. Grouped among the natural sciences, natural history is the systematic study...
. - Gisela Louise Marie von ÖsterreichArchduchess Gisela of AustriaGisela Louise Marie, Princess Imperial and Archduchess of Austria, Princess of Hungary and Bohemia, Princess of Bavaria was the second daughter and eldest surviving child of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria and Empress Elisabeth...
, (15 July 1856, in Laxenburg - 27 July 1932, in Munich), Archduchess of Austria-HungaryAustria-HungaryAustria-Hungary , more formally known as the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council and the Lands of the Holy Hungarian Crown of Saint Stephen, was a constitutional monarchic union between the crowns of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary in...
, daughter of KaiserKaiserKaiser is the German title meaning "Emperor", with Kaiserin being the female equivalent, "Empress". Like the Russian Czar it is directly derived from the Latin Emperors' title of Caesar, which in turn is derived from the personal name of a branch of the gens Julia, to which Gaius Julius Caesar,...
Franz Josef I and Kaiserin Elisabeth. - Crown Prince Rudolf (21 August 1858, in Laxenburg - 30 January 1889, in MayerlingMayerlingMayerling is a small village in Lower Austria belonging to the municipality of Alland in the district of Baden. It is situated on the Schwechat River, in the Wienerwald , 15 miles southwest of Vienna...
) - son of KaiserKaiserKaiser is the German title meaning "Emperor", with Kaiserin being the female equivalent, "Empress". Like the Russian Czar it is directly derived from the Latin Emperors' title of Caesar, which in turn is derived from the personal name of a branch of the gens Julia, to which Gaius Julius Caesar,...
Franz Josef I and Kaiserin Elisabeth. - Elisabeth Marie von ÖsterreichArchduchess Elisabeth Marie of AustriaElisabeth Maria Henriette Stephanie Gisela , was an Archduchess of Austria and the only child of Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria. She was known to the family as "Erzsi", a diminutive of her name in Hungarian...
, daughter of Crown Prince Rudolf. - Eduard Hartmann (3 September 1904 - 14 October 1966), AustriaAustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
n politicianPoliticianA politician, political leader, or political figure is an individual who is involved in influencing public policy and decision making...
: Abg. zum Nationalrat (8 November 1949, 27 March 1963); Bundesminister für Land- und Forstwirtschaft (16 July 1959 to 2 April 1964); Landeshauptmann von Niederösterreich (1965–1966).
External links
- www.telecom.at/laxenburg
- International Anti-Corruption Academy (IACA)International Anti-Corruption AcademyThe International Anti-Corruption Academy is an international organization , whose purpose is to address the current shortcomings in the fight against corruption...