Kopychyntsi
Encyclopedia
Kopychyntsi
Kopychyntsi ' onMouseout='HidePop("42152")' href="/topics/Ternopil_Oblast">Ternopil Oblast
, Ukraine
. It has a population of 7,036 (census 2001). It is the birthplace of Ukrainian chess grandmaster Vassily Ivanchuk and Israeli politician Pinhas Lavon
.
The town was first mentioned in 1340 as a village in the powiat
of Trembowla. With time it grew to become a town within the Land of Halicz
, itself part of Podole Voivodeship
of Poland and then the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
. It was granted a city charter in 1564. In late 1648, during the Khmelnytsky Uprising
, a combined Cossack and Tartar army under Asand Demko seized the town. However, following the Battle of Kopyczyńce of May 12, 1651, in which the enemy forces were defeated by hetman
Marcin Kalinowski
, it returned to Poland.
In the effect of the Treaty of Buchach of 1672 the town was ceded to Ottoman Empire
, but it returned to Poland after the Treaty of Karlowitz
of 1699. Following the Partitions of Poland
it became part of Austrian Empire
and was then seized by Napoleon Bonaparte who gave it to Russian Empire in the Treaty of Tilsit of 1807. Russian control however ended with the Congress of Vienna
which awarded the area back to Austria. It shared the history of the surrounding lands of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
for the rest of 19th century.
Following World War I
the area was disputed between Poland and the Ukrainian People's Republic
(UNR) in what became known as the Polish-Ukrainian War
. In June 1919, during the so-called Chortkiv
offensive, the 1st Galician Corps of the UNR
under Osyp Mykytko seized the town, but it was retaken by Polish forces under Józef Haller the following month. Following the treaty of Riga the town was officially restored to Poland. It was made a seat of a separate powiat
within Tarnopol Voivodeship
and a garrison town of a Border Protection Corps
battalion Kopyczyńce.
Following the September Campaign of 1939 and the outbreak of World War II
the town was occupied first by the Soviet Union
and then Nazi Germany
. After the war it was annexed by the USSR and since 1991 is part of independent Ukraine.
Kopychyntsi ' onMouseout='HidePop("42152")' href="/topics/Ternopil_Oblast">Ternopil Oblast
Ternopil Oblast
Ternopil Oblast is an oblast' of Ukraine. Its administrative center is Ternopil, through which flows the Seret River, a tributary of the Dnister.-Geography:...
, Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
. It has a population of 7,036 (census 2001). It is the birthplace of Ukrainian chess grandmaster Vassily Ivanchuk and Israeli politician Pinhas Lavon
Pinhas Lavon
Pinhas Lavon was an Israeli politician, minister and labor leader, best known for the Lavon Affair.-Early life:Lavon was born as Pinhas Lubianiker in Kopychyntsi in what was previously Galicia in Austria-Hungary . He studied law at the University of Lviv, where he organized Histadrut organizations...
.
The town was first mentioned in 1340 as a village in the powiat
Powiat
A powiat is the second-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, equivalent to a county, district or prefecture in other countries. The term powiat is most often translated into English as "county", although other terms are also sometimes used...
of Trembowla. With time it grew to become a town within the Land of Halicz
Halych
Halych is a historic city on the Dniester River in western Ukraine. The town gave its name to the historic province and kingdom of Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia, of which it was the capital until the early 14th century, when the seat of the local princes was moved to Lviv...
, itself part of Podole Voivodeship
Podole Voivodeship
The Podole Voivodeship was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Kingdom of Poland, since the 14th century till 1793/1795, except for a short period of Ottoman Empire administration as Podolia Eyalet. Together with the Bracław Voivodeship it formed the historical province...
of Poland and then the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was a dualistic state of Poland and Lithuania ruled by a common monarch. It was the largest and one of the most populous countries of 16th- and 17th‑century Europe with some and a multi-ethnic population of 11 million at its peak in the early 17th century...
. It was granted a city charter in 1564. In late 1648, during the Khmelnytsky Uprising
Khmelnytsky Uprising
The Khmelnytsky Uprising, was a Cossack rebellion in the Ukraine between the years 1648–1657 which turned into a Ukrainian war of liberation from Poland...
, a combined Cossack and Tartar army under Asand Demko seized the town. However, following the Battle of Kopyczyńce of May 12, 1651, in which the enemy forces were defeated by hetman
Hetman
Hetman was the title of the second-highest military commander in 15th- to 18th-century Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, which together, from 1569 to 1795, comprised the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, or Rzeczpospolita....
Marcin Kalinowski
Marcin Kalinowski
Marcin Kalinowski Field Crown Hetman, was a Polish magnate and nobleman , Kalinowa coat of arms. Son of fallen at the battle of Cecora Walenty Aleksander Kalinowski. He began his studies in Poland and continued his education at the University of Leuven...
, it returned to Poland.
In the effect of the Treaty of Buchach of 1672 the town was ceded to Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
, but it returned to Poland after the Treaty of Karlowitz
Treaty of Karlowitz
The Treaty of Karlowitz was signed on 26 January 1699 in Sremski Karlovci , concluding the Austro-Ottoman War of 1683–1697 in which the Ottoman side had been defeated at the Battle of Zenta...
of 1699. Following the Partitions of Poland
Partitions of Poland
The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland for 123 years...
it became part of Austrian Empire
Austrian Empire
The Austrian Empire was a modern era successor empire, which was centered on what is today's Austria and which officially lasted from 1804 to 1867. It was followed by the Empire of Austria-Hungary, whose proclamation was a diplomatic move that elevated Hungary's status within the Austrian Empire...
and was then seized by Napoleon Bonaparte who gave it to Russian Empire in the Treaty of Tilsit of 1807. Russian control however ended with the Congress of Vienna
Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of European states chaired by Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, and held in Vienna from September, 1814 to June, 1815. The objective of the Congress was to settle the many issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars,...
which awarded the area back to Austria. It shared the history of the surrounding lands of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
The Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria was a crownland of the Habsburg Monarchy, the Austrian Empire, and Austria–Hungary from 1772 to 1918 .This historical region in eastern Central Europe is currently divided between Poland and Ukraine...
for the rest of 19th century.
Following World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
the area was disputed between Poland and the Ukrainian People's Republic
Ukrainian People's Republic
The Ukrainian People's Republic or Ukrainian National Republic was a republic that was declared in part of the territory of modern Ukraine after the Russian Revolution, eventually headed by Symon Petliura.-Revolutionary Wave:...
(UNR) in what became known as the Polish-Ukrainian War
Polish-Ukrainian War
The Polish–Ukrainian War of 1918 and 1919 was a conflict between the forces of the Second Polish Republic and West Ukrainian People's Republic for the control over Eastern Galicia after the dissolution of Austria-Hungary.-Background:...
. In June 1919, during the so-called Chortkiv
Chortkiv
Chortkiv is a city in the Ternopil oblast in western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Chortkiv Raion . Population: 29,057...
offensive, the 1st Galician Corps of the UNR
Ukrainian People's Republic
The Ukrainian People's Republic or Ukrainian National Republic was a republic that was declared in part of the territory of modern Ukraine after the Russian Revolution, eventually headed by Symon Petliura.-Revolutionary Wave:...
under Osyp Mykytko seized the town, but it was retaken by Polish forces under Józef Haller the following month. Following the treaty of Riga the town was officially restored to Poland. It was made a seat of a separate powiat
Powiat
A powiat is the second-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, equivalent to a county, district or prefecture in other countries. The term powiat is most often translated into English as "county", although other terms are also sometimes used...
within Tarnopol Voivodeship
Tarnopol Voivodeship
Tarnopol Voivodeship was an administrative region of interwar Poland with an area of 16,500 km², 17 counties, and capital in Tarnopol...
and a garrison town of a Border Protection Corps
Border Protection Corps
The Border Protection Corps was a Polish military formation that was created in 1924 to defend the country's eastern borders against armed Soviet incursions and local bandits....
battalion Kopyczyńce.
Following the September Campaign of 1939 and the outbreak of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
the town was occupied first by the Soviet Union
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
and then Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
. After the war it was annexed by the USSR and since 1991 is part of independent Ukraine.