Koohrang
Encyclopedia
Kuhrang also known as Koohrang is the name of a river, originating in the Zagros mountains of western Iran
, which joins the Dez River
to form the Karun
, Iran's largest (by volume) river. A series of tunnels (Kuhrang Tunnels) have been built since 1950s to redirect some of the Kuhrang's water toward the Zayandeh River to meet the demands of increased population in Esfahan and Yazd
provinces.
The Zayandeh River basin encompasses about 41500 square kilometres (16,023.2 sq mi) and is connected to the upper Karun
River basin (which drains to the Persian Gulf) by the Kuhrang Tunnel constructed in 1953 although first proposed in the early sixteenth century. Two additional tunnels were constructed in late 1990s and early 2000s. A hydroelectric dam at Godar-e Langar (also known as Karun-4) would also supply piped water to Esfahan 300 kilometres (186.4 mi) away if it is completed (Whitley and Gallagher, 1995). Dams have deleterious effects on a riverine fish and other fauna and are often stocked with exotic species. The upper Karun has not been well explored for endemic taxa. Mean annual flow of the Zayandeh River is estimated at 1.2 cubic kilometre and is used mostly for agriculture, but an increase in population and industry has necessitated dam construction (Chadegan Reservoir
, capacity 1.45 cubic kilometre (0.347873499976216 cu mi)) and diversion schemes. There is also the Hana
Dam on the Hana River at Semirom
with a height of 35 metres (114.8 ft) and a capacity of 45 million m3s (1,589,159,979.6 cu ft).
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...
, which joins the Dez River
Dez River
The Dez River , the ancient Coprates , is a tributary of the Karun River and is 400 km long. It is the site of the Dez Dam.It is believed that a fortress protected a strategic bridge across the river at Dezful, whence the name, although no trace of this castle remains. The old part of the city...
to form the Karun
Karun
The Kārun is Iran's most effluent, and the only navigable, river. It is 450 miles long. It rises in the Zard Kuh mountains of the Bakhtiari district in the Zagros Range, receiving many tributaries, such as the Dez and the Kuhrang, before passing through the capital of the Khuzestan Province of...
, Iran's largest (by volume) river. A series of tunnels (Kuhrang Tunnels) have been built since 1950s to redirect some of the Kuhrang's water toward the Zayandeh River to meet the demands of increased population in Esfahan and Yazd
Yazd
Yazd is the capital of Yazd Province in Iran, and a centre of Zoroastrian culture. The city is located some 175 miles southeast of Isfahan. At the 2006 census, the population was 423,006, in 114,716 families....
provinces.
The Zayandeh River basin encompasses about 41500 square kilometres (16,023.2 sq mi) and is connected to the upper Karun
Karun
The Kārun is Iran's most effluent, and the only navigable, river. It is 450 miles long. It rises in the Zard Kuh mountains of the Bakhtiari district in the Zagros Range, receiving many tributaries, such as the Dez and the Kuhrang, before passing through the capital of the Khuzestan Province of...
River basin (which drains to the Persian Gulf) by the Kuhrang Tunnel constructed in 1953 although first proposed in the early sixteenth century. Two additional tunnels were constructed in late 1990s and early 2000s. A hydroelectric dam at Godar-e Langar (also known as Karun-4) would also supply piped water to Esfahan 300 kilometres (186.4 mi) away if it is completed (Whitley and Gallagher, 1995). Dams have deleterious effects on a riverine fish and other fauna and are often stocked with exotic species. The upper Karun has not been well explored for endemic taxa. Mean annual flow of the Zayandeh River is estimated at 1.2 cubic kilometre and is used mostly for agriculture, but an increase in population and industry has necessitated dam construction (Chadegan Reservoir
Chadegan
Chadegan is a city in and the capital of Chadegan County, in western Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 7,037, in 1,872 families.-Dam and reservoir:...
, capacity 1.45 cubic kilometre (0.347873499976216 cu mi)) and diversion schemes. There is also the Hana
Hana
Hana as a given name may have several origins. It is a variant transliteration of Hannah, meaning Grace in Hebrew associated with God feminine which is the Jewish and Christian form, as well as an Arabic female name meaning happiness , a Persian female name meaning a type of flower , and a Kurdish...
Dam on the Hana River at Semirom
Semirom
Semirom is a city in and the capital of Semirom County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 26,260, in 6,593 families....
with a height of 35 metres (114.8 ft) and a capacity of 45 million m3s (1,589,159,979.6 cu ft).