Kaingang
Encyclopedia
The Kaingang people are a Native American
ethnic group
spread out over the four southern Brazil
ian states of São Paulo
, Paraná
, Santa Catarina
and Rio Grande do Sul
. They are also called Caingang and Aweikoma, though some sources list Kaingang and Aweikoma as separate groups. Their language and culture is quite distinct from the neighboring Guaraní.
It has been stated that the Kaingang rarely live long in one place causing them to move a lot, however some sources such as Juracilda Veiga, and ethnographic registers (José Francisco Tomás do Nascimento 1886, Telêmaco Borba 1908 etc.), indicate that Kaingang groups have a crucial relation with the land where they were born and their ancestors were buried.
The Kaingang language
is a member of the Gê
family.
's state owned power company, Copel
, agreed to compensate the group 6.5 million dollars for operating a small hydro
plant in the Apucaraninha Reservation. The company finally gave in to a settlement after the natives carried two barrels full of fuel into the plant's machine room and threatened to destroy the plant.
This is part of a larger trend of indigenous groups challenging energy projects according to Platts
.
Indigenous peoples in Brazil
The Indigenous peoples in Brazil comprise a large number of distinct ethnic groups who inhabited the country prior to the European invasion around 1500...
ethnic group
Ethnic group
An ethnic group is a group of people whose members identify with each other, through a common heritage, often consisting of a common language, a common culture and/or an ideology that stresses common ancestry or endogamy...
spread out over the four southern Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
ian states of São Paulo
São Paulo (state)
São Paulo is a state in Brazil. It is the major industrial and economic powerhouse of the Brazilian economy. Named after Saint Paul, São Paulo has the largest population, industrial complex, and economic production in the country. It is the richest state in Brazil...
, Paraná
Paraná (state)
Paraná is one of the states of Brazil, located in the South of the country, bordered on the north by São Paulo state, on the east by the Atlantic Ocean, on the south by Santa Catarina state and the Misiones Province of Argentina, and on the west by Mato Grosso do Sul and the republic of Paraguay,...
, Santa Catarina
Santa Catarina (state)
Santa Catarina is a state in southern Brazil with one of the highest standards of living in Latin America. Its capital is Florianópolis, which mostly lies on the Santa Catarina Island. Neighbouring states are Rio Grande do Sul to the south and Paraná to the north. It is bounded on the east by...
and Rio Grande do Sul
Rio Grande do Sul
Rio Grande do Sul is the southernmost state in Brazil, and the state with the fifth highest Human Development Index in the country. In this state is located the southernmost city in the country, Chuí, on the border with Uruguay. In the region of Bento Gonçalves and Caxias do Sul, the largest wine...
. They are also called Caingang and Aweikoma, though some sources list Kaingang and Aweikoma as separate groups. Their language and culture is quite distinct from the neighboring Guaraní.
It has been stated that the Kaingang rarely live long in one place causing them to move a lot, however some sources such as Juracilda Veiga, and ethnographic registers (José Francisco Tomás do Nascimento 1886, Telêmaco Borba 1908 etc.), indicate that Kaingang groups have a crucial relation with the land where they were born and their ancestors were buried.
The Kaingang language
Kaingang language
The Kaingang language is an indigenous language spoken in the South of Brazil, belonging to the Gê language family. The Kaingang nation has about 30,000 people, and about from 60% to 65% speak the language...
is a member of the Gê
Ge languages
The Jê languages , or Jê–Kaingang languages, are spoken by the Gê, a group of indigenous peoples in Brazil.-Family division:The language family is as follows:*Jaikó...
family.
Copel agreement
In November 2006 BrazilBrazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
's state owned power company, Copel
Copel
Copel - Companhia Paranaense de Energia Public , the largest company of the State of Paraná, was founded on October 26, 1954 with ownership control held by the State of Paraná. The Company went public in April 1994 BM&F Bovespa and, in 1997, it was the first company of the Brazilian electricity...
, agreed to compensate the group 6.5 million dollars for operating a small hydro
Small hydro
Small hydro is the development of hydroelectric power on a scale serving a small community or industrial plant. The definition of a small hydro project varies but a generating capacity of up to 10 megawatts is generally accepted as the upper limit of what can be termed small hydro. This may be...
plant in the Apucaraninha Reservation. The company finally gave in to a settlement after the natives carried two barrels full of fuel into the plant's machine room and threatened to destroy the plant.
This is part of a larger trend of indigenous groups challenging energy projects according to Platts
Platts
Platts is a provider of energy and metals information and a source of benchmark price assessments in the physical energy markets. Platts was founded in Cleveland, Ohio in 1909 by Warren C...
.