Juglans mandshurica
Encyclopedia
Juglans mandshurica, the Manchurian walnut, is a deciduous
tree of the genus Juglans (section Cardiocaryon), native to the Eastern Asiatic Region
(China
, Russian Far East
, North Korea
and South Korea
). It grows to about 25 m.
The leaves
are alternate, 40–90 cm long, odd-pinnate, with 7–19 leaflets, 6–17 cm long and 2–7.5 cm broad (margin serrate or serrulate, apex acuminate). The male flower
s are in drooping catkins 9–40 cm long, the wind-pollinated female flowers (April-May) are terminal, in spikes of 4 to 10, ripening in August-October into nuts, 3-7.5 × 3-5 cm, with densely glandular pubescent green husk and very thick shell.
The tree is exceptionally hardy (down to at least -45°C), has a relatively short vegetation period compared to other walnuts, grows rapidly and is cultivated as an ornamental
in colder temperate regions all over the Northern Hemisphere. (For example, it has been found to grow satisfactorily in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.) The kernels of the nuts are edible, but small and difficult to extract. The timber is in use, but less valuable than that of English walnut or black walnut
.
The Manchurian walnut contains and exudes much lesser quantities of allelopathic compounds (such as juglone
) than other popular Juglans species and usually doesn't cause significant allelopathic
effects in cultivation.
Juglans cathayensis, characterized by tomentose leaflets, producing more flowers per spike and growing south of the Huang He, was sometimes recognized as a species separate from J. mandshurica.
Deciduous
Deciduous means "falling off at maturity" or "tending to fall off", and is typically used in reference to trees or shrubs that lose their leaves seasonally, and to the shedding of other plant structures such as petals after flowering or fruit when ripe...
tree of the genus Juglans (section Cardiocaryon), native to the Eastern Asiatic Region
Eastern Asiatic Region
The Eastern Asiatic Region is the richest floristic region within the Holarctic Kingdom and situated in temperate East Asia...
(China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, Russian Far East
Russian Far East
Russian Far East is a term that refers to the Russian part of the Far East, i.e., extreme east parts of Russia, between Lake Baikal in Eastern Siberia and the Pacific Ocean...
, North Korea
North Korea
The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea , , is a country in East Asia, occupying the northern half of the Korean Peninsula. Its capital and largest city is Pyongyang. The Korean Demilitarized Zone serves as the buffer zone between North Korea and South Korea...
and South Korea
South Korea
The Republic of Korea , , is a sovereign state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, North Korea to the north, and the East China Sea and Republic of China to the south...
). It grows to about 25 m.
The leaves
Leaves
-History:Vocalist Arnar Gudjonsson was formerly the guitarist with Mower, and he was joined by Hallur Hallsson , Arnar Ólafsson , Bjarni Grímsson , and Andri Ásgrímsson . Late in 2001 they played with Emiliana Torrini and drew early praise from the New York Times...
are alternate, 40–90 cm long, odd-pinnate, with 7–19 leaflets, 6–17 cm long and 2–7.5 cm broad (margin serrate or serrulate, apex acuminate). The male flower
Flower
A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants . The biological function of a flower is to effect reproduction, usually by providing a mechanism for the union of sperm with eggs...
s are in drooping catkins 9–40 cm long, the wind-pollinated female flowers (April-May) are terminal, in spikes of 4 to 10, ripening in August-October into nuts, 3-7.5 × 3-5 cm, with densely glandular pubescent green husk and very thick shell.
The tree is exceptionally hardy (down to at least -45°C), has a relatively short vegetation period compared to other walnuts, grows rapidly and is cultivated as an ornamental
Ornamental plant
Ornamental plants are plants that are grown for decorative purposes in gardens and landscape design projects, as house plants, for cut flowers and specimen display...
in colder temperate regions all over the Northern Hemisphere. (For example, it has been found to grow satisfactorily in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.) The kernels of the nuts are edible, but small and difficult to extract. The timber is in use, but less valuable than that of English walnut or black walnut
Black Walnut
Juglans nigra, the Eastern Black walnut, is a species of flowering tree in the hickory family, Juglandaceae, that is native to eastern North America. It grows mostly in riparian zones, from southern Ontario, west to southeast South Dakota, south to Georgia, northern Florida and southwest to central...
.
Juglone
Juglone, also called 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione or 5-hydroxynaphthoquinone, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C10H6O3. In the food industry, juglone is also known as C.I. Natural Brown 7 and C.I. 75500...
) than other popular Juglans species and usually doesn't cause significant allelopathic
Allelopathy
Allelopathy is a biological phenomenon by which an organism produces one or more biochemicals that influence the growth, survival, and reproduction of other organisms. These biochemicals are known as allelochemicals and can have beneficial or detrimental effects on the target organisms...
effects in cultivation.
Juglans cathayensis, characterized by tomentose leaflets, producing more flowers per spike and growing south of the Huang He, was sometimes recognized as a species separate from J. mandshurica.
External links
- Juglans mandshurica @ Flora of China