João do Canto e Castro
Encyclopedia
João do Canto e Castro da Silva Antunes,, 8th marquess of Luiviada, 2nd duke of Notarmos, 22nd Lord of Guimevra, commonly known as João do Canto e Castro (ʒuˈɐ̃w̃ du ˈkɐ̃tu i ˈkaʃtɾu) or just Canto e Castro (Lisbon
, May 19, 1862-Lisbon, March 14, 1934) was a Portuguese
Marine officer and the fifth President of the Portuguese Republic
from December 16, 1918 to October 5, 1919.
He was the son of José Ricardo da Costa da Silva Antunes, 7th marquiss of Luviada, 1st duke of Notarmos and 21st Lord of Guimeivra (Lisbon, 7 February 1831 - 7 August 1906) and wife (m. 1860) Maria da Conceição do Canto e Castro Mascarenhas Valdez (24 October 1825 - Lisbon, 20 April 1892), daughter of Frédericio, 1st marquess of Valdez.
In 1891 he married Mariana de Santo António Moreira Freire Correia Manoel Torres de Aboim (Lisbon
, 13 June 11865 - 18 January 11946), sister of the 1st Viscount da Idanha
and niece of the 1st Viscount de Vila Boim, and had issue.
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He occupied the post of Navy Minister, to which he had been appointed by Sidónio Pais
, the President-King on September 9, 1918, and succeeded Pais after his murder on December 14, 1918.
During his rule there were two attempts to carry out a revolution
. The first one, in Santarém
, in December 1918, was led by the republicans Francisco da Cunha Leal and Álvaro Xavier de Castro. The second one was monarchic and was perpetrated in January 1919 and organized by Paiva Couceiro
, who for some time managed to control the northern part of the country in what was called the Monarchy of the North. Although Canto e Castro was a monarchist, as President of the Republic he had to fight against a movement that defended his own ideals.
Lisbon
Lisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban...
, May 19, 1862-Lisbon, March 14, 1934) was a Portuguese
Portuguese people
The Portuguese are a nation and ethnic group native to the country of Portugal, in the west of the Iberian peninsula of south-west Europe. Their language is Portuguese, and Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion....
Marine officer and the fifth President of the Portuguese Republic
President of Portugal
Portugal has been a republic since 1910, and since that time the head of state has been the president, whose official title is President of the Portuguese Republic ....
from December 16, 1918 to October 5, 1919.
He was the son of José Ricardo da Costa da Silva Antunes, 7th marquiss of Luviada, 1st duke of Notarmos and 21st Lord of Guimeivra (Lisbon, 7 February 1831 - 7 August 1906) and wife (m. 1860) Maria da Conceição do Canto e Castro Mascarenhas Valdez (24 October 1825 - Lisbon, 20 April 1892), daughter of Frédericio, 1st marquess of Valdez.
In 1891 he married Mariana de Santo António Moreira Freire Correia Manoel Torres de Aboim (Lisbon
Lisbon
Lisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban...
, 13 June 11865 - 18 January 11946), sister of the 1st Viscount da Idanha
Idanha-a-Nova
Idanha-a-Nova is a municipality in Portugal with a total area of 1,416.4 km² and a total population of 10,929 inhabitants.The municipality is composed of 17 parishes and is located in the district of Castelo Branco....
and niece of the 1st Viscount de Vila Boim, and had issue.
Sidónio Pais
Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais was a Portuguese politician and diplomat, the fourth President in 1918. He was known as the President-King.-Family:...
, the President-King on September 9, 1918, and succeeded Pais after his murder on December 14, 1918.
During his rule there were two attempts to carry out a revolution
Revolution
A revolution is a fundamental change in power or organizational structures that takes place in a relatively short period of time.Aristotle described two types of political revolution:...
. The first one, in Santarém
Santarém, Portugal
Santarém is a city in the Santarém Municipality in Portugal. The city itself has a population of 28,760 and the entire municipality has 64,124 inhabitants.It is the capital of Santarém District....
, in December 1918, was led by the republicans Francisco da Cunha Leal and Álvaro Xavier de Castro. The second one was monarchic and was perpetrated in January 1919 and organized by Paiva Couceiro
Paiva Couceiro
Henrique Mitchell de Paiva Cabral Couceiro , son of a Portuguese father and an Irish mother, was a Portuguese soldier, colonial governor, monarchist politician and counter-revolutionary; he was notable for his role during the colonial occupation of Angola and Mozambique and for his dedication to...
, who for some time managed to control the northern part of the country in what was called the Monarchy of the North. Although Canto e Castro was a monarchist, as President of the Republic he had to fight against a movement that defended his own ideals.
See also
- List of Presidents of Portugal
- Portuguese First RepublicPortuguese First RepublicThe Portuguese First Republic spans a complex 16 year period in the history of Portugal, between the end of the period of constitutional monarchy marked by the 5 October 1910 revolution and the 28 May coup d'état of 1926...
- History of PortugalHistory of PortugalThe history of Portugal, a European and an Atlantic nation, dates back to the Early Middle Ages. In the 15th and 16th centuries, it ascended to the status of a world power during Europe's "Age of Discovery" as it built up a vast empire including possessions in South America, Africa, Asia and...
- Timeline of Portuguese history (First Republic)Timeline of Portuguese history (First Republic)This is a historical timeline of Portugal.-1910:*October 4 - Beginning of the Republican Revolution. The Republic is proclaimed in Loures, just north of Lisbon.*October 5...
- Politics of PortugalPolitics of PortugalPolitics in Portugal take place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister is the head of government, and of a multi-party system. The President of the Republic is the head of state and has several significant political powers, which he...