Joseph Hill (lexicographer)
Encyclopedia
Joseph Hill was an English academic and nonconformist clergyman, mostly in the Netherlands after 1662. He is known as a lexicographer.
, near Leeds
, Yorkshire
, in October 1625. His father, Joshua Hill (died 1636), was minister successively at Walmesley Chapel, Lancashire and Bramley Chapel, a nonconformist on wearing a surplice
. Joseph Hill was admitted at St. John’s College, Cambridge, in 1644, graduated B.A. earlier than usual, was elected fellow of Magdalene College, Cambridge
, and proceeded M.A. in 1649. He was a successful tutor, was senior proctor 1658, and in 1660 kept the act for B.D.
When he declined to conform to the Act of Uniformity 1662
he lost his position. He went to London, and preached a while at Allhallows Barking. He travelled abroad in 1663, and entered Leiden University
as a student 29 March 1654. He was elected (19 June 1667) to the pastorate of the Scottish church at Middleburg
, Zeeland
. From 1668 a stipend was paid to him by the Provincial States. The Third Anglo–Dutch War of 1672-4 caused him to become a figure in politics. He wrote (November 1672) a political pamphlet, which he had difficulty in getting printed. In April 1673 it appeared, printed at his own expense, in Dutch at Amsterdam, and in English; he advocated the English alliance, and vindicated Charles II
from suspicion of popery. On 19 August 1673 he was ordered by resolution of the States to quit Zeeland, with permission to return at the close of the war. In London he went to Charles, who rewarded him for his pamphlet with a sinecure, and tried the offer of a bishopric if he conformed. On 13 January 1678 he became minister of the English presbyterian church on the Haringsvliet, Rotterdam
, and held this office till his death on 5 November 1707.
's Greek-Latin Lexicon, which he edited 1663, adding eight thousand words. The Latin-Greek portion was edited by J. Hutchinson. He wrote also on the Antiquities of Temples, 1696, and Artificial Churches, 1698; a sermon on Moderation in the Cripplegate
morning exercise, 1677; and a funeral sermon for Mary Reeve, 1685.
Life
He was born at BramleyBramley, Leeds
Bramley is a district in west Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It is an old industrial area and home to a lot of 19th century architecture alongside 20th century council housing in the east and private suburban housing to the west. It has its own railway station which is on the Caldervale and...
, near Leeds
Leeds
Leeds is a city and metropolitan borough in West Yorkshire, England. In 2001 Leeds' main urban subdivision had a population of 443,247, while the entire city has a population of 798,800 , making it the 30th-most populous city in the European Union.Leeds is the cultural, financial and commercial...
, Yorkshire
Yorkshire
Yorkshire is a historic county of northern England and the largest in the United Kingdom. Because of its great size in comparison to other English counties, functions have been increasingly undertaken over time by its subdivisions, which have also been subject to periodic reform...
, in October 1625. His father, Joshua Hill (died 1636), was minister successively at Walmesley Chapel, Lancashire and Bramley Chapel, a nonconformist on wearing a surplice
Surplice
A surplice is a liturgical vestment of the Western Christian Church...
. Joseph Hill was admitted at St. John’s College, Cambridge, in 1644, graduated B.A. earlier than usual, was elected fellow of Magdalene College, Cambridge
Magdalene College, Cambridge
Magdalene College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, England.The college was founded in 1428 as a Benedictine hostel, in time coming to be known as Buckingham College, before being refounded in 1542 as the College of St Mary Magdalene...
, and proceeded M.A. in 1649. He was a successful tutor, was senior proctor 1658, and in 1660 kept the act for B.D.
When he declined to conform to the Act of Uniformity 1662
Act of Uniformity 1662
The Act of Uniformity was an Act of the Parliament of England, 13&14 Ch.2 c. 4 ,The '16 Charles II c. 2' nomenclature is reference to the statute book of the numbered year of the reign of the named King in the stated chapter...
he lost his position. He went to London, and preached a while at Allhallows Barking. He travelled abroad in 1663, and entered Leiden University
Leiden University
Leiden University , located in the city of Leiden, is the oldest university in the Netherlands. The university was founded in 1575 by William, Prince of Orange, leader of the Dutch Revolt in the Eighty Years' War. The royal Dutch House of Orange-Nassau and Leiden University still have a close...
as a student 29 March 1654. He was elected (19 June 1667) to the pastorate of the Scottish church at Middleburg
Middleburg
Middleburg may mean the following places in the United States of America:*Middleburg, Florida*Middleburg, Iowa*Middleburg, Kentucky*Middleburg, Maryland*Middleburgh , New York**Middleburgh , New York*Middleburg, Logan County, Ohio...
, Zeeland
Zeeland
Zeeland , also called Zealand in English, is the westernmost province of the Netherlands. The province, located in the south-west of the country, consists of a number of islands and a strip bordering Belgium. Its capital is Middelburg. With a population of about 380,000, its area is about...
. From 1668 a stipend was paid to him by the Provincial States. The Third Anglo–Dutch War of 1672-4 caused him to become a figure in politics. He wrote (November 1672) a political pamphlet, which he had difficulty in getting printed. In April 1673 it appeared, printed at his own expense, in Dutch at Amsterdam, and in English; he advocated the English alliance, and vindicated Charles II
Charles II of England
Charles II was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland.Charles II's father, King Charles I, was executed at Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War...
from suspicion of popery. On 19 August 1673 he was ordered by resolution of the States to quit Zeeland, with permission to return at the close of the war. In London he went to Charles, who rewarded him for his pamphlet with a sinecure, and tried the offer of a bishopric if he conformed. On 13 January 1678 he became minister of the English presbyterian church on the Haringsvliet, Rotterdam
Rotterdam
Rotterdam is the second-largest city in the Netherlands and one of the largest ports in the world. Starting as a dam on the Rotte river, Rotterdam has grown into a major international commercial centre...
, and held this office till his death on 5 November 1707.
Works
His chief work was the expansion of SchreveliusSchrevelius
Schrevelius is a latinized Dutch name that means scrivener.The following writers were called Schrevelius:* Theodorus Schrevelius, 1572-1649, humanist and rector of the Stedelijk Gymnasium Haarlem and the Latin school in Leiden...
's Greek-Latin Lexicon, which he edited 1663, adding eight thousand words. The Latin-Greek portion was edited by J. Hutchinson. He wrote also on the Antiquities of Temples, 1696, and Artificial Churches, 1698; a sermon on Moderation in the Cripplegate
Cripplegate
Cripplegate was a city gate in the London Wall and a name for the region of the City of London outside the gate. The area was almost entirely destroyed by bombing in World War II and today is the site of the Barbican Estate and Barbican Centre...
morning exercise, 1677; and a funeral sermon for Mary Reeve, 1685.