John S. Kloppenborg
Encyclopedia
John S. Kloppenborg is a Canadian professor of religion who has authored numerous books and articles based on New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....

 scholarship. He is the Chair of the Department and Centre for the Study of Religion at the University of Toronto
University of Toronto
The University of Toronto is a public research university in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, situated on the grounds that surround Queen's Park. It was founded by royal charter in 1827 as King's College, the first institution of higher learning in Upper Canada...

 and a participant in The Context Group
The Context Group
The Context Group is a working group of international biblical scholars who promote research into the Bible using social-scientific methods such as anthropology and sociology...

.

His work includes research on the origins of and sources for early Christian writings including the Q document, thought to have been one of the first written collections of the teachings of Jesus. Kloppenborg has also written and taught about the different versions of the proto-biblical texts and the meaning and uses of the specific parable
Parable
A parable is a succinct story, in prose or verse, which illustrates one or more instructive principles, or lessons, or a normative principle. It differs from a fable in that fables use animals, plants, inanimate objects, and forces of nature as characters, while parables generally feature human...

s of Jesus.

Biography

Kloppenborg received his M.A. (1977) and his Ph.D. (1984) in Toronto
Toronto
Toronto is the provincial capital of Ontario and the largest city in Canada. It is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. A relatively modern city, Toronto's history dates back to the late-18th century, when its land was first purchased by the British monarchy from...

, Canada from the University of St. Michael's College
University of St. Michael's College
The University of St. Michael's College is a college of the University of Toronto, founded in 1852 by the Congregation of St. Basil of Annonay, France. While mainly an undergraduate college for liberal arts and sciences, St. Michael's retains its Roman Catholic affiliation through its postgraduate...

 (a constituent college of the University of Toronto
University of Toronto
The University of Toronto is a public research university in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, situated on the grounds that surround Queen's Park. It was founded by royal charter in 1827 as King's College, the first institution of higher learning in Upper Canada...

). He has taught and conducted research in Toronto
Toronto
Toronto is the provincial capital of Ontario and the largest city in Canada. It is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. A relatively modern city, Toronto's history dates back to the late-18th century, when its land was first purchased by the British monarchy from...

, Windsor
Windsor, Ontario
Windsor is the southernmost city in Canada and is located in Southwestern Ontario at the western end of the heavily populated Quebec City – Windsor Corridor. It is within Essex County, Ontario, although administratively separated from the county government. Separated by the Detroit River, Windsor...

, United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

, Helsinki
Helsinki
Helsinki is the capital and largest city in Finland. It is in the region of Uusimaa, located in southern Finland, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, an arm of the Baltic Sea. The population of the city of Helsinki is , making it by far the most populous municipality in Finland. Helsinki is...

, Jerusalem, Cambridge
Cambridge
The city of Cambridge is a university town and the administrative centre of the county of Cambridgeshire, England. It lies in East Anglia about north of London. Cambridge is at the heart of the high-technology centre known as Silicon Fen – a play on Silicon Valley and the fens surrounding the...

, Calgary
Calgary
Calgary is a city in the Province of Alberta, Canada. It is located in the south of the province, in an area of foothills and prairie, approximately east of the front ranges of the Canadian Rockies...

, and the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

 in Claremont, California
Claremont, California
Claremont is a small affluent college town in eastern Los Angeles County, California, United States, about east of downtown Los Angeles at the base of the San Gabriel Mountains. The population as of the 2010 census is 34,926. Claremont is known for its seven higher-education institutions, its...

. He is one of the general editors of the International Q Project.

General Summary of Contributions to Near East and Biblical Scholarship

John Kloppenborg is an original research scholar whose work on the origins of Christianity, the ancient manuscripts of ancient Christians and the history of Second Temple Judaism is often cited by other scholars and authors. He has researched and written most substantially about the Q document, also known as the Synoptic Sayings Gospel. This document is thought to be one of the oldest circulating sources of the sayings of Jesus
Jesus
Jesus of Nazareth , commonly referred to as Jesus Christ or simply as Jesus or Christ, is the central figure of Christianity...

. It is thought to be prior to, and to have been known to, all of the authors of the Synoptic Gospels
Synoptic Gospels
The gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke are known as the Synoptic Gospels because they include many of the same stories, often in the same sequence, and sometimes exactly the same wording. This degree of parallelism in content, narrative arrangement, language, and sentence structures can only be...

: The Gospel of Matthew, The Gospel of Mark, The Gospel of Luke as well as to the author of the (non-synoptic) The Gospel of John. This work touches on the Synoptic problem.

Kloppenborg has also done original research and written on the social world of the early Jesus movement
Jesus movement
The Jesus movement was a movement in Christianity beginning on the West Coast of the United States in the late 1960s and early 1970s and spreading primarily through North America and Europe, before dying out by the early 1980s. It was the major Christian element within the hippie counterculture,...

 in Jewish Palestine, the societies of the eastern Roman Empire and the social significance of the parables of Jesus
Parables of Jesus
The parables of Jesus can be found in all the Canonical gospels as well as in some of the non-canonical gospels but are located mainly within the three synoptic gospels. They represent a key part of the teachings of Jesus, forming approximately one third of his recorded teachings...

. Other areas of interest have been the letters of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....

, especially the Letter of James
Epistle of James
The Epistle of James, usually referred to simply as James, is a book in the New Testament. The author identifies himself as "James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ", with "the earliest extant manuscripts of James usually dated to mid-to-late third century."There are four views...

, and the culture of the Graeco-Roman world as relates to such matters as: religion, spirituality, cultic associations, ethnic sub-groups and their ancient organization, professional societies and the general conditions of the societies in the Near East during the time of Second Temple Judaism, the time of Jesus and the formation of the Bible as we know it.

Tenants in the Vineyard

Published in 2006, Kloppenborg's book, The Tenants in the Vineyard: Ideology, Economics, and Agrarian Conflict in Jewish Palestine, titled after the "tenants in the vineyard" parable attributed to Jesus by the New Testament, provides an analysis for the critical reader of the Bible
Bible
The Bible refers to any one of the collections of the primary religious texts of Judaism and Christianity. There is no common version of the Bible, as the individual books , their contents and their order vary among denominations...

 of this very difficult parable. The bible citation for the parable is Mark 12:1-12 and it is also recorded in the apocryphal Gospel of Thomas
Gospel of Thomas
The Gospel According to Thomas, commonly shortened to the Gospel of Thomas, is a well preserved early Christian, non-canonical sayings-gospel discovered near Nag Hammadi, Egypt, in December 1945, in one of a group of books known as the Nag Hammadi library...

 (65). In his book, Kloppenborg models a new approach to the parables of Jesus. He discusses the ideological interests engaged by the parable in modern times and over the history of the Christian Church
Christian Church
The Christian Church is the assembly or association of followers of Jesus Christ. The Greek term ἐκκλησία that in its appearances in the New Testament is usually translated as "church" basically means "assembly"...

. Next, he explains the conditions of the society in which the parable was first laid out, especially in regards to ancient viticulture
Viticulture
Viticulture is the science, production and study of grapes which deals with the series of events that occur in the vineyard. When the grapes are used for winemaking, it is also known as viniculture...

. In his conclusions, Kloppenborg notes that the parable has ironically been interpreted from the viewpoint of those in power in politics and society rather than as a literary parable or as an "anti-power" parable, as it may have read in the original texts. He shows that the editing in Mark's version of the story takes it beyond the useful idiom common to Jesus' other parables. Kloppenborg also includes a second volume documenting historical papyrus dealing with ancient viticulture
Viticulture
Viticulture is the science, production and study of grapes which deals with the series of events that occur in the vineyard. When the grapes are used for winemaking, it is also known as viniculture...

 and agrarian conflict.

Critical Edition of Q

Published in 2000, by James M. Robinson, Paul Hoffman, and John S. Kloppenborg, The Critical Edition of Q: Synopsis including the Gospels of Matthew and Luke, Mark and Thomas with English, German, and French Translations of Q and Thomas is a groundbreaking, though still controversial, work of scholarship.

Containing a lengthy introduction by bible scholar James M. Robinson
James M. Robinson
James McConkey Robinson is Professor Emeritus of Religion, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California. He is a member of the Jesus Seminar and arguably the most prominent Q and Nag Hammadi library scholar of the 20th century. He is also a major contributor to The International Q...

 and a foreword by the three editor scholars: Robinson, John S. Kloppenborg and Paul Hoffman
Paul Hoffman
Paul Hoffman is a prominent author and host of the PBS television series Great Minds of Science. He was editor in chief of Discover, in a ten-year tenure with that magazine, and served as president and publisher of Encyclopædia Britannica before returning full-time to writing and consulting work....

, this hefty volume provides a redactionary version of what the original Q document might have looked like whether it was written in Greek or Aramaic. The Critical Edition of Q is the product of the International Q Project (IQP), a program inaugurated at the Society of Biblical Literature in 1985 that has sought to establish an accessible critical edition of the source shared by Matthew and Luke.

Their work also seeks to "document the major turning points in the history of Q research, with particular attention to the problem of establishing a critical text of Q" (xix). Putting aside "a purely hypothetical Aramaic source" of Matthew and Luke, which would mean that "Q would never be more than a hypothesis," Robinson claims, in the introduction, that such approaches have been "completely replaced by objective criteria, based on empirical observation of Matthean
and Lukan redactional traits" (xix). The bulk of the text is the critical text of Q (1-561), which concludes with a concordance of Q (Greek words [563-81]). The volume also contains a discussion of divergences from the Lukan sequence (lxxxix), text-critical notes (xc-cvi), and end-pages (cvii). The critical text itself is formatted with eight columns on facing pages presenting by column: 1) any Markan parallel to Matthew, 2) any doublets found in Matthew, 3) the text in Matthew that is deemed to be derived from Q, 4) the critical text of Q, 5) the text in Luke that is deemed to be derived from Q, 6) Luke's doublets, 7) any Markan parallel to Luke, and 8) any parallel from the Gospel of Thomas, the Coptic of which is provided but also retroverted into Greek. As footnotes, the Thomas and Q texts are translated into English, French and German.

The editors intend this volume to be functional as a standard research tool for the study of Q despite the continuing controversy over the validity of the text actually existing. This is the most comprehensive effort to provide such a tool nonetheless.

Books

  • The Sayings Gospel Q in Greek and English with Parallels from the Gospels of Mark and Thomas, Contributions to Biblical Exegesis & Theology vol. 30 with James M. Robinson
    James M. Robinson
    James McConkey Robinson is Professor Emeritus of Religion, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California. He is a member of the Jesus Seminar and arguably the most prominent Q and Nag Hammadi library scholar of the 20th century. He is also a major contributor to The International Q...

     and Paul Hoffmann
    Paul Hoffmann
    Paul Jacob Christopher Hoffmann born 14 January 1970, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia, is an Australian cricketer who has played for the cricket teams of Scotland...

  • Documenta Q edited by James M. Robinson
    James M. Robinson
    James McConkey Robinson is Professor Emeritus of Religion, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California. He is a member of the Jesus Seminar and arguably the most prominent Q and Nag Hammadi library scholar of the 20th century. He is also a major contributor to The International Q...

    , John S. Kloppenborg, and Paul Hoffmann
    Paul Hoffmann
    Paul Jacob Christopher Hoffmann born 14 January 1970, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia, is an Australian cricketer who has played for the cricket teams of Scotland...

    , with contributions from the International Q Project
  • The Tenants in the Vineyard: Ideology, Economics, and Agrarian Conflict in Jewish Palestine (2006)
  • Apocalypticism, Antisemitism and the Historical Jesus: Subtexts in Criticism Journal for the Study of the New Testament, Supplement Series, vol. 275 with John W. Marshall (2005)
  • Excavating Q: The History and Setting of the Sayings Gospel (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2000)
  • The Critical Edition of Q with James M. Robinson
    James M. Robinson
    James McConkey Robinson is Professor Emeritus of Religion, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California. He is a member of the Jesus Seminar and arguably the most prominent Q and Nag Hammadi library scholar of the 20th century. He is also a major contributor to The International Q...

     and Paul Hoffmann
    Paul Hoffmann
    Paul Jacob Christopher Hoffmann born 14 January 1970, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia, is an Australian cricketer who has played for the cricket teams of Scotland...

     (Hermeneia; Minneapolis: Fortress; Leuven: Peeters, 2000)
  • Voluntary Associations in the Graeco-Roman World with Stephen Wilson (1996)
  • Conflict and Invention (Valley Forge, Pa.: Trinity Press Int'l, 1995)
  • The Shape of Q: Signal Essays on the Sayings Gospel (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1994)
  • Scriptures and Cultural Conversations: Essays for Heinz Guenther at Sixty-five Pp. 211 (1992)
  • Early Christianity, Q and Jesus Ed. with Leif E. Vaage Pp. 265 (1991)
  • Q-Thomas Reader (1988) with Michael G. Steinhauser, Stephen Patterson
    Stephen Patterson
    Stephen Patterson is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood in the Australian Football League .-AFL career:...

    , and Marvin W. Meyer
  • Q Parallels: Synopsis, Critical Notes & Concordance (1988)
  • The Formation of Q: Trajectories in Ancient Wisdom Collections (Minneapolis, 1987)

Articles in Peer-Refereed Journals

2006 “H.J. Holtzmann’s Life of Jesus According to the ‘A’ Source. Part 1 " JSHJ
Journal for the Study of the Historical Jesus
is designed to 'provide a forum for academic discussion of Jesus within the context of 1st-century Palestine'. It is intended to be accessible to a non-scholarly readership who are interested in this field....

4(1):75–108.

2006 “H.J. Holtzmann’s Life of Jesus According to the ‘A’ Source. Part 2." JSHJ
Journal for the Study of the Historical Jesus
is designed to 'provide a forum for academic discussion of Jesus within the context of 1st-century Palestine'. It is intended to be accessible to a non-scholarly readership who are interested in this field....

4(2):203–223.

2005 “Evocatio deorum and the Date of Mark.” Journal of Biblical Literature
Journal of Biblical Literature
The Journal of Biblical Literature is one of three theological journals published by the Society of Biblical Literature .First published in 1881, JBL is the flagship journal of the field...

 124/3 (2005): 419-450.

2004 “Isa 5:1-7 LXX and Mark 12:1, 9, Again.” Novum Testamentum 46/1 (2004) 12-19.

2004 “Self-Help or Deus ex Machina in Mark 12.9.” New Testament Studies
New Testament Studies
New Testament Studies is an international peer-reviewed academic journal published by Cambridge University Press under the auspices of the Studiorum Novi Testamenti Societas. The scope of the journal are short studies and articles on issues pertaining to the origins, history and theology of the New...

 50 (2004) 495-518.

2003 “On Dispensing with Q? Goodacre
Mark Goodacre
Mark Goodacre is a New Testament scholar and Professor at Duke University's Department of Religion. He has written extensively on the Synoptic Problem; that is, the origins of the gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke...

 on the Relation of Luke to Matthew,” New Testament Studies
New Testament Studies
New Testament Studies is an international peer-reviewed academic journal published by Cambridge University Press under the auspices of the Studiorum Novi Testamenti Societas. The scope of the journal are short studies and articles on issues pertaining to the origins, history and theology of the New...

 49/2 (2003) 210-236.

2002 “Egyptian Viticultural Practices and the Citation of Isa 5:1-7 in Mark 12:1-9.” Novum Testamentum 44/1 (2002) 134-159.

2001 with Robert A. Derrenbacker, Jr. “Self-Contradiction in the IQP? A Reply to Michael Goulder
Michael Goulder
Michael Douglas Goulder was a British Biblical scholar who spent most of his academic life at the University of Birmingham where he retired as Professor of Biblical Studies in 1994...

.” Journal of Biblical Literature
Journal of Biblical Literature
The Journal of Biblical Literature is one of three theological journals published by the Society of Biblical Literature .First published in 1881, JBL is the flagship journal of the field...

 120 (2001) 57-76.

2000 “Dating Theodotos (CIJ II 1404),” Journal of Jewish Studies 51 (2000) 243-280.

1999 “Patronage Avoidance in the Epistle of James,” Hervormde Teologiese Studies 55/4 (1999) 1-40.

1996 “Political Histories and Theories of Religion: A response to Burton Mack and Ron Cameron,” Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 8/3 (1996) 279-89.

1996 “The Sayings Gospel Q and the Quest of the Historical Jesus,” Harvard Theological Review
Harvard Theological Review
Harvard Theological Review is a journal of theology, published by Harvard Divinity School. It was founded in 1908.-External links:* * * * at the Internet Archive...

 89 (1996) 307-344.

1993 "Filadelfia, qeodidakto~ and the Dioscuri: The Rhetorical Situation of 1 Thess 4:9–12.” New Testament Studies
New Testament Studies
New Testament Studies is an international peer-reviewed academic journal published by Cambridge University Press under the auspices of the Studiorum Novi Testamenti Societas. The scope of the journal are short studies and articles on issues pertaining to the origins, history and theology of the New...

 39, no. 2 (1993): 265–89.

1993 “The Sayings Gospel Q: The People behind the Document.” Current Research: Biblical Studies 1 (1993) 9-34.

1992 “Exitus clari viri: The Death of Jesus in Luke.” Toronto Journal of Theology 8/1 (1992) 106–20.

1990 "Alms, Debt and Divorce: Jesus’ Ethics in Their Mediterranean Context.” Toronto Journal of Theology 6(2):182-200.

1989 “The Dishonoured Master (Luke 16, 1-8a).” Biblica
Biblica (journal)
Biblica is an academic journal published by the Pontifical Biblical Institute. The editor-in-chief is Dean Béchard....

70(4):474-95.

1987 “Symbolic Eschatology and the Apocalypticism of Q.” Harvard Theological Review
Harvard Theological Review
Harvard Theological Review is a journal of theology, published by Harvard Divinity School. It was founded in 1908.-External links:* * * * at the Internet Archive...

 80(3):287-306.

1986 “Blessing and Marginality: The ‘Persecution Beatitude’ in Q, Thomas & Early Christianity.” Forum 2(3):36-56.

1986 “The Formation of Q and Antique Instructional Genres.” JBL 105(3):443-62; Reprinted as pp. 138–155 in The Shape of Q: Signals Essays on the Sayings Gospel. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1994.

1984 “Tradition and Redaction in the Synoptic Sayings Source,” Catholic Biblical Quarterly
Catholic Biblical Quarterly
The Catholic Biblical Quarterly is a refereed theological journal published by the Catholic Biblical Association of America....

 46:1 (1984): 34–62.

1982 “Isis and Sophia in the Book of Wisdom,” Harvard Theological Review
Harvard Theological Review
Harvard Theological Review is a journal of theology, published by Harvard Divinity School. It was founded in 1908.-External links:* * * * at the Internet Archive...

 75:1 (1982): 57–84.

1981 “Joshua 22: The Priestly Editing of an Ancient Tradition,” Biblica
Biblica (journal)
Biblica is an academic journal published by the Pontifical Biblical Institute. The editor-in-chief is Dean Béchard....

63:3 (1981): 347–71.

1979 “Didache 16:6–8 and Special Matthaean Tradition,” Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft 70:1/2 (1979): 54–67.

1978 “An Analysis of the pre-Pauline Formula 1 Cor 15:3b–5 in Light of Some Recent Literature,” Catholic Biblical Quarterly
Catholic Biblical Quarterly
The Catholic Biblical Quarterly is a refereed theological journal published by the Catholic Biblical Association of America....

 40:3 (1978): 351–67.

1978 “Wisdom Christology in Q,” Laval théologique et philosophique 34:2 (1978): 129–47.

Chapters in Books

Documenting Jesus; “Associations in the Ancient World,” (2006)

2006 “The Theodotos Synagogue Inscription and the Problem of First-Century Synagogue Buildings.” pp. 236–282 in Jesus and Archaeology

2005 “Didache 1.1—6.1, James, and the Torah.” In Trajectories Through the New Testament and the Apostolic Fathers

2005 “As One Unknown, Without a Name? Co-opting the Historical Jesus.” pp. 1–23 in John S. Kloppenborg, with John W. Marshall (eds.). Apocalypticism, Anti-Semitism, and the Historical Jesus: Subtexts in Criticism. Journal for the Study of the Historical Jesus,

2004 “The Reception of the Jesus Tradition in James.” pp. 91–139 in The Catholic Epistles and the Tradition

2004 “Quotations and Allusions in Did. 1.3b—2.1: Borrowed from a finished Gospel or from a common source?” pp. 105–30 The Didache and Matthew: Two Documents from the same Jewish-Christian Milieu?

2003 “The Biblical Critic and the Truth: A Response to D.Z. Phillips.” pp. 103–112 in Truth: Interdisciplinary Dialogues in a Pluralistic Age

2003 “Ideological Texture in the Parable of the Tenants.” In Fabrics of Discourse: Essays in Honor of Vernon K. Robbins

2003 “Riches, the Rich, and God’s Judgment in 1 Enoch 92-105 and the Gospel according to Luke.” In George W. E. Nickelsburg in Perspective: An On-going Dialogue of Learning

2002 “Goulder and the New Paradigm: A Critical Appreciation of Michael Goulder on the Synoptic Problem.” In The Gospels According to Michael Goulder: A North American Response pp. 29–59

2001 “Discursive Practices in the Sayings Gospel Q and the Quest of the Historical Jesus.” pp. 149–190 in The Sayings Source Q and the Historical Jesus, Colloquium Biblicum Lovaniense XLIV

2000 “Is there a New Paradigm?” pp. 23–47 in Festschrift for David R. Catchpole

2000 “Isaiah 5:1-7, the Parable of the Tenants, and Vineyard Leases on Papyrus,” pp. 111–134 in Text and Artifact in the Religions of Mediterranean Antiquity: Essays in Honour of Peter Richardson
Peter Richardson
Peter Richardson is an English actor, comedian, director, and writer, best known for The Comic Strip Presents... television series. He is also a long time comedy partner with Nigel Planer.-Early career:...



2000 “Ethnic and Political Rivalry at Caesarea Maritima.” pp. 227–248 in Religious Rivalries and the Struggle for Success in Caesarea Maritima

1999 “A Dog Among the Pigeons: The “Cynic Hypothesis” as a Theological Problem,” Pp. 73-117 in From Quest to Quelle: Festschrift James M. Robinson
James M. Robinson
James McConkey Robinson is Professor Emeritus of Religion, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California. He is a member of the Jesus Seminar and arguably the most prominent Q and Nag Hammadi library scholar of the 20th century. He is also a major contributor to The International Q...



1999 “Making Sense of Difference: Asceticism and the Jesus Tradition.” pp. 149–156 in Asceticism and the New Testament

1999 “The Life and Sayings of Jesus.” pp. 10–30 in The New Testament Today

1998 “Status und Wohltätigkeit bei Paulus und Jakobus.” pp. 127–154 in Von Jesus zum Christus — Christologische Studien: Festgabe für Paul Hoffmann zum 65

1998 "L’Évangile «Q» et le Jésus historique.” Pp. 225-268 in Jésus de Nazareth: Nouvelles approches d’une énigme

1996 “Collegia and Thiasoi: Issues in Function, Taxonomy and Membership.” pp. 16–30 in Voluntary Associations in the Graeco-Roman World, edited by John S. Kloppenborg and S.G. Wilson

1996 “Egalitarianism in the Myth and Rhetoric of Pauline Churches.” pp. 247–63 in Rethinking Christian Origins: Essays Honoring Burton L. Mack
Burton L. Mack
Burton L. Mack is an author and scholar of early Christian history and the New Testament. He is John Wesley Professor emeritus in early Christianity at the Claremont School of Theology in Claremont, California. Mack is primarily a scholar of Christian origins, approaching it from the angle of...



1996 “The Sayings Gospel Q: Literary and Stratigraphic Problems.” pp. 1–66 in Symbols and Strata: Essays on the Sayings Gospel Q

1995 “Conflict and Invention: Recent Studies on Q.” pp. 1–14 in Conflict and Invention: Literary, Rhetorical and Social Studies on the Sayings Gospel Q, edited by John S. Kloppenborg.

1995 “Jesus and the Parables of Jesus in Q.” pp. 275–319 in The Gospel Behind the Gospels: Current Studies in Q, Supplements to Novum Testamentum 75

1994 “Introduction.” pp. 1–22 in The Shape of Q: Signal Essays on the Sayings Gospel, edited by John S. Kloppenborg

1994 “The Transformation of Moral Argument in the Didache.” pp. 88–109 in The Didache in Context, edited by Clayton N. Jefford. Supplements to Novum Testamentum. Leiden: E.J. Brill.

1993 “Edwin Hatch, Churches and Collegia.” Pp. 212–238 in Origins and Method: Towards a New Understanding of Judaism and Christianity. Essays in Honour of John C. Hurd,

1992 “The Theological Stakes in the Synoptic Problem.” Pp. 93–120 in Evangelica: Essays to Honor Frans Neirynck,

1991 "Literary Convention, Self-Evidence and the Social History of the Q People.” Pp. 77–102 in Early Christianity, Q and Jesus

1991 with Leif E. Vaage. “The Sayings Gospel Q and Method in the Study of Christian Origins.” Pp. 1–14 in Early Christianity, Q and Jesus

1991 “City and Wasteland: Narrative World and the Beginning of the Sayings Gospel (Q).” pp. 145–60 in How Gospels Begin

1990 “City and Wasteland: Narrative World and the Beginning of the Sayings Gospel (Q).” pp. 145–60 in How Gospels Begin

1990 “‘Easter Faith’ and the Sayings Gospel Q.” Pp. 71-99 in The Apocryphal Jesus and Christian Origins

1990 “Nomos and Ethos in Q.” pp. 35–48 in Gospel Origins and Christian Beginnings: In Honor of James M. Robinson
James M. Robinson
James McConkey Robinson is Professor Emeritus of Religion, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California. He is a member of the Jesus Seminar and arguably the most prominent Q and Nag Hammadi library scholar of the 20th century. He is also a major contributor to The International Q...



Q Thomas Reader; “The Sayings Gospel Q: Translation & Notes” pp. 35–74 in Q Thomas Reader, with Marvin W. Meyer, Stephen Patterson
Stephen Patterson
Stephen Patterson is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood in the Australian Football League .-AFL career:...

, and Michael G. Steinhauser (1990)
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