John Dalrymple (physician)
Encyclopedia
John Dalrymple FRS (1803 – 2 May 1852) was an English ophthalmologist who was born in Norwich
, the son of William Dalrymple
. In 1827 he graduated from the University of Edinburgh
, and subsequently became an eye surgeon at the Royal London Ophthalmic Hospital.
He was elected assistant-surgeon in 1832 and full surgeon in 1843. In 1850 he was chosen fellow of the royal society, and in 1851 a member of the council of the Royal College of Surgeons.
Dalrymple is remembered for his histological
work done with Henry Bence Jones
(1814-1873) in the discovery of the albumin that was to become known as Bence Jones protein
. This protein
is often found in the blood and urine
of patients with multiple myeloma
. He published his findings in a treatise called On the microscopic character of mollities ossium.
Dalrymple also composed two important books on ophthalmology called "The anatomy of the human eye" (1834) and "Pathology of the human eye" (1852). The eponymous Dalrymple's sign
is named after him, which is an abnormal wideness of the palpebral fissures
in exophthalmic
goiter.
Norwich
Norwich is a city in England. It is the regional administrative centre and county town of Norfolk. During the 11th century, Norwich was the largest city in England after London, and one of the most important places in the kingdom...
, the son of William Dalrymple
William Dalrymple (surgeon)
William Dalrymple was an English surgeon. He learned his trade in London and practised on Norwich, initially from his father's house and later in the Norfolk and Norwich Hospital...
. In 1827 he graduated from the University of Edinburgh
University of Edinburgh
The University of Edinburgh, founded in 1583, is a public research university located in Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The university is deeply embedded in the fabric of the city, with many of the buildings in the historic Old Town belonging to the university...
, and subsequently became an eye surgeon at the Royal London Ophthalmic Hospital.
He was elected assistant-surgeon in 1832 and full surgeon in 1843. In 1850 he was chosen fellow of the royal society, and in 1851 a member of the council of the Royal College of Surgeons.
Dalrymple is remembered for his histological
Histology
Histology is the study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues of plants and animals. It is performed by examining cells and tissues commonly by sectioning and staining; followed by examination under a light microscope or electron microscope...
work done with Henry Bence Jones
Henry Bence Jones
Henry Bence Jones was an English physician and chemist.- Biography :He was born at Thorington Hall, Yoxley, Suffolk, the son of Lieutenant Colonel William Jones, an officer in the 5th Dragoon Guards, and Matilda Bence...
(1814-1873) in the discovery of the albumin that was to become known as Bence Jones protein
Bence Jones protein
A Bence Jones protein is a monoclonal globulin protein found in the blood or urine, with a molecular weight of 22-24 kDa.Finding this protein is often suggestive of multiple myeloma or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia....
. This protein
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
is often found in the blood and urine
Urine
Urine is a typically sterile liquid by-product of the body that is secreted by the kidneys through a process called urination and excreted through the urethra. Cellular metabolism generates numerous by-products, many rich in nitrogen, that require elimination from the bloodstream...
of patients with multiple myeloma
Multiple myeloma
Multiple myeloma , also known as plasma cell myeloma or Kahler's disease , is a cancer of plasma cells, a type of white blood cell normally responsible for the production of antibodies...
. He published his findings in a treatise called On the microscopic character of mollities ossium.
Dalrymple also composed two important books on ophthalmology called "The anatomy of the human eye" (1834) and "Pathology of the human eye" (1852). The eponymous Dalrymple's sign
Dalrymple's sign
Dalrymple's sign is a widened palpebral opening, or eyelid spasm, seen in thyrotoxicosis , causing abnormal wideness of the palpebral fissure. As a result of the retraction of the upper eyelid, the white of the sclera is visible at the upper margin of the cornea in direct outward stare...
is named after him, which is an abnormal wideness of the palpebral fissures
Eyelid
An eyelid is a thin fold of skin that covers and protects an eye. With the exception of the prepuce and the labia minora, it has the thinnest skin of the whole body. The levator palpebrae superioris muscle retracts the eyelid to "open" the eye. This can be either voluntarily or involuntarily...
in exophthalmic
Exophthalmos
Exophthalmos is a bulging of the eye anteriorly out of the orbit. Exophthalmos can be either bilateral or unilateral . Measurement of the degree of exophthalmos is performed using an exophthalmometer...
goiter.
External links
- Ophthalmology Hall of Fame (biography of John Dalrymple)
- The Discovery of Bence Jones Protein