Jining, Inner Mongolia
Encyclopedia
Jining District is an urban district that serves as the administrative seat of Ulaan Chab
, a prefecture-level city
in the mid-western part of Inner Mongolia
, China. It has an area of approximately 114.2 km² and is in the southern foothills of the Yinshan mountains. It has a population of roughly 200,000, including members of the Mongol, Hui
, Manchu
, Daur, Tibetan
, Uyghur
, Hmong
, and Yi
national minorities.
Although Ulaan Chab is an administrative "city" and Jining an administrative "district", in reality Jining is a de facto city, while Ulaan Chab is an administrative division covering a much larger area. See prefecture-level city
for more information on this arrangement.
Jining South Railway Station (集宁南站) serves as a railway intersection to the border town of Erenhot
to the north, Hohhot
and Baotou
to the west, and the mining city Datong
to the south.
Jining is the seat of a Roman Catholic diocese.
of Chahar Province, and in 1750 was transferred to Fengzhen City's administration. In 1922, it was renamed Jining and became a municipality, and the following year a county. In 2004, Ulaan Chab
League, to which it is capital, is changed to a prefecture-level city
, and Jining is correspondingly changed from a county-level city
to a district. Ulaan Chab is named Chaborte in the writings of P. Evariste Huc.
and turquoise
.
Ulaan Chab
Ulaan Chab is a region administered as a prefecture-level city in south-central Inner Mongolia, North China. Its administrative centre is in Jining District, which was formerly a county-level city. It was established as a prefecture-level city on 1 December 2003, formed from the former Ulanqab...
, a prefecture-level city
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
in the mid-western part of Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China, located in the northern region of the country. Inner Mongolia shares an international border with the countries of Mongolia and the Russian Federation...
, China. It has an area of approximately 114.2 km² and is in the southern foothills of the Yinshan mountains. It has a population of roughly 200,000, including members of the Mongol, Hui
Hui people
The Hui people are an ethnic group in China, defined as Chinese speaking people descended from foreign Muslims. They are typically distinguished by their practice of Islam, however some also practice other religions, and many are direct descendants of Silk Road travelers.In modern People's...
, Manchu
Manchu
The Manchu people or Man are an ethnic minority of China who originated in Manchuria . During their rise in the 17th century, with the help of the Ming dynasty rebels , they came to power in China and founded the Qing Dynasty, which ruled China until the Xinhai Revolution of 1911, which...
, Daur, Tibetan
Tibetan people
The Tibetan people are an ethnic group that is native to Tibet, which is mostly in the People's Republic of China. They number 5.4 million and are the 10th largest ethnic group in the country. Significant Tibetan minorities also live in India, Nepal, and Bhutan...
, Uyghur
Uyghur people
The Uyghur are a Turkic ethnic group living in Eastern and Central Asia. Today, Uyghurs live primarily in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in the People's Republic of China...
, Hmong
Hmong people
The Hmong , are an Asian ethnic group from the mountainous regions of China, Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand. Hmong are also one of the sub-groups of the Miao ethnicity in southern China...
, and Yi
Yi people
The Yi or Lolo people are an ethnic group in China, Vietnam, and Thailand. Numbering 8 million, they are the seventh largest of the 55 ethnic minority groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China...
national minorities.
Although Ulaan Chab is an administrative "city" and Jining an administrative "district", in reality Jining is a de facto city, while Ulaan Chab is an administrative division covering a much larger area. See prefecture-level city
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
for more information on this arrangement.
Jining South Railway Station (集宁南站) serves as a railway intersection to the border town of Erenhot
Erenhot
Erenhot is a city located in the Gobi Desert, in the Xilin Gol league of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China . It has 16,330 inhabitants and the elevation is...
to the north, Hohhot
Hohhot
Hohhot , is a city in north-central China and the capital of the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, serving as the region's administrative, economic, and cultural centre....
and Baotou
Baotou
Baotou is a mid-sized industrial city in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. Governed as a prefecture-level city, its urban areas are home to a population of approximately 1.78 million, with a total population of over 2.65 million accounting for counties under...
to the west, and the mining city Datong
Datong
Datong is a prefecture-level city in northern Shanxi Province of North China, located a few hundred kilometres west by rail from Beijing with an elevation of...
to the south.
Jining is the seat of a Roman Catholic diocese.
History
In 1675, the Jining area was placed under the administration of the Plain Yellow BannerEight Banners
The Eight Banners were administrative divisions into which all Manchu families were placed. They provided the basic framework for the Manchu military organization...
of Chahar Province, and in 1750 was transferred to Fengzhen City's administration. In 1922, it was renamed Jining and became a municipality, and the following year a county. In 2004, Ulaan Chab
Ulaan Chab
Ulaan Chab is a region administered as a prefecture-level city in south-central Inner Mongolia, North China. Its administrative centre is in Jining District, which was formerly a county-level city. It was established as a prefecture-level city on 1 December 2003, formed from the former Ulanqab...
League, to which it is capital, is changed to a prefecture-level city
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
, and Jining is correspondingly changed from a county-level city
County-level city
A county-level city is a county-level administrative division of mainland China. County-level cities are usually governed by prefecture-level divisions, but a few are governed directly by province-level divisions....
to a district. Ulaan Chab is named Chaborte in the writings of P. Evariste Huc.
Natural resources
The Jining area is a source of limestoneLimestone
Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed largely of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate . Many limestones are composed from skeletal fragments of marine organisms such as coral or foraminifera....
and turquoise
Turquoise
Turquoise is an opaque, blue-to-green mineral that is a hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminium, with the chemical formula CuAl648·4. It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been prized as a gem and ornamental stone for thousands of years owing to its unique hue...
.