Jewish Heritage Trail in Bialystok
Encyclopedia
Jewish Heritage Trail in Białystok is a marked
foot trail
created in June 2008 in Białystok, Poland
, by a group of students and doctorate candidates, who participate as volunteers at The University of Białystok Foundation.
One of the goals of the project was to generate social capital
by engaging cooperation between local institutions and social groups. Project included: planning the trail, publicizing an informative booklet and map in printed and electronic version, building an interactive website of the project, marking the trail sites and opening the trail to the public with a walk around the city, publicizing teacher's materials.
(today Maria Grzegorzewska Craft School) – Jewish Craft School (now The Faculty of Physics at The University of Białystok) – The Barbican Mission (today's Syrena cinema) – Białystok-Chanajki Quarter – Piaski Quarter – Rabbinical Cemetery (today's Central Park in Białystok) – Piaskower Synagogue – The Monument of the Great Synagogue – The City Hall – The Jewish Cemetery (Wschodnia street) – and the Cholera cemetery in Białystok.
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Trail blazing
Trail blazing, or trailblazing, is the practice of marking paths in outdoor recreational areas with blazes, markings that follow each other at certain — though not necessarily exactly defined — distances and mark the direction of the trail...
foot trail
Trail
A trail is a path with a rough beaten or dirt/stone surface used for travel. Trails may be for use only by walkers and in some places are the main access route to remote settlements...
created in June 2008 in Białystok, Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
, by a group of students and doctorate candidates, who participate as volunteers at The University of Białystok Foundation.
One of the goals of the project was to generate social capital
Social capital
Social capital is a sociological concept, which refers to connections within and between social networks. The concept of social capital highlights the value of social relations and the role of cooperation and confidence to get collective or economic results. The term social capital is frequently...
by engaging cooperation between local institutions and social groups. Project included: planning the trail, publicizing an informative booklet and map in printed and electronic version, building an interactive website of the project, marking the trail sites and opening the trail to the public with a walk around the city, publicizing teacher's materials.
Trail sites
Cytron Palace (today's Historical Museum) – Tobacco Factory of Faiwel Janowski – Shmuel Synagogue – Jewish Female Gymnasium of Zinaida Chwoles – Białystok Palace Theatre – Jewish Hospital (now Maternity Hospital) – Białystok Trylling Palace – Zygmunt August Gymnasium (now Sigismund Augustus High School) – Sholem Aleichem Library – TOZ Sanatorium – The Hebrew Gymnasium (now Municipal Hospital) – Mansion (ul. Sienkiewicza 26A) – Apollo Cinema – Mansion (ul. Sienkiewicza 26A; now State Theatre Academy) – Gymnasium of Jozef Zeligman, Jozef Lebenhaft and Jakub Dereczynski – Gilarino Miniature Theatre – Mansions of Isaac Zabludowski – Linas Chailim Charity Association – House of the Zamenhof Family – Monument to Ludwik Zamenhof – Yitzhak Malmed Plaque – Druskin Gymnasium – The Heroes of the Ghetto Uprising Monument – Cytron Synagogue (now Art Gallery of the Slendzinskis) – Warynskiego Street – The Modern Cinema – House of the Jakub Szapiro Family – Nowik Palace in Białystok – TarbutTarbut
The Tarbut movement was a network of secular, Hebrew-language schools in parts of the former Jewish Pale of Settlement, specifically in Poland, Romania and Lithuania...
(today Maria Grzegorzewska Craft School) – Jewish Craft School (now The Faculty of Physics at The University of Białystok) – The Barbican Mission (today's Syrena cinema) – Białystok-Chanajki Quarter – Piaski Quarter – Rabbinical Cemetery (today's Central Park in Białystok) – Piaskower Synagogue – The Monument of the Great Synagogue – The City Hall – The Jewish Cemetery (Wschodnia street) – and the Cholera cemetery in Białystok.
People connected with Jewish heritage of Białystok
During the trail planning, organizers chose personages significant in the city's history city history: artists, activists, politicians, scientists and Righteous among the NationsRighteous Among the Nations
Righteous among the Nations of the world's nations"), also translated as Righteous Gentiles is an honorific used by the State of Israel to describe non-Jews who risked their lives during the Holocaust to save Jews from extermination by the Nazis....
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- Zygmunt BiałostockiZygmunt BiałostockiZygmunt Białostocki was a Polish Jewish musician, born in Białystok, died in Warsaw, Poland. He was a Jewish composer of many popular songs, a conductor, and a première pianist in Warsaw between the World Wars....
- composer, pianist - Zygmunt Bobowski - painter, member of the artists' group Czapka Frygijska
- Wiktor Bubryk - dramatic director, manager of theatre of miniatures "Gilarino"
- Roza Bursztejn (Rosa RaisaRosa RaisaRosa Raisa was a Polish-born, Italian-trained, dramatic operatic soprano. In 1926 she created the role of Turandot at La Scala, Milan.-Career:...
) - operatic singer - Izaak Celnikier - painter
- Józef Chazanowicz - doctor, ZionistZionismZionism is a Jewish political movement that, in its broadest sense, has supported the self-determination of the Jewish people in a sovereign Jewish national homeland. Since the establishment of the State of Israel, the Zionist movement continues primarily to advocate on behalf of the Jewish state...
activist, founder of National Library of Israel - Molli Chwat - painter
- Zinaida Chwolesowa - foundress of female high school
- Szmuel Cytron - the manufacturer, founder of synagogue, original owner of palace near Warszawska 37
- Szymon DatnerSzymon DatnerSzymon Datner was a Polish historian of Jewish descent, best known for his studies of Nazi war crimes committed against the Jewish population of the Białystok area after the German attack on the Soviet Union in June 1941.Datner settled into Białystok in 1928...
- historian - Dawid Druskin - the founder of high school
- Michał Duniec - painter, member of the bialystokers artists' group Forma-Farba-Faktura
- Osip Dymow - dramatist
- Nachum Edelman - painter, member of the bialystokers artists' group Forma-Farba-Faktura
- Leo Fink - the manufacturer, activist of Jewish organizations in Australia
- Chajka Grossman - fighter of the Białystok ghetto, Israeli politician
- Natan Gutman - painter
- Zbigniew Antoni Huzarski - Righteous among the Nations
- Fajwel Janowski - manufacturer
- Kalman Kaplansky - politician, human rights activist
- Boris KaufmanBoris KaufmanBoris Abelevich Kaufman, A.S.C. was a cinematographer. He was the younger brother of famous filmmakers Dziga Vertov and Mikhail Kaufman....
(Dżiga Wierow) - the movie operator, documentalist, laureate of Oscar - Józef Kerszman - ophthalmologist, social worker
- Gustaw Kerszman - microbiologist, geneticist
- Chaim Jakub Lipszyc - sculptor, painter
- Maxim LitvinovMaxim LitvinovMaxim Maximovich Litvinov was a Russian revolutionary and prominent Soviet diplomat.- Early life and first exile :...
- Soviet diplomat - Juliusz Krajewski - painter, member of the artists' group Czapka Frygijska
- Helena Malarewicz-Krajewska - painter, one of first representatives of socialist realismSocialist realismSocialist realism is a style of realistic art which was developed in the Soviet Union and became a dominant style in other communist countries. Socialist realism is a teleologically-oriented style having its purpose the furtherance of the goals of socialism and communism...
- Icchok Malmed - a hero of Białystok ghetto
- Zajnwel Messner - sculptor
- Hersz Mersik - creator of Białystok ghetto archive
- Szmuel Mohylewer - rabbi, founder of school and credit company
- Sonia Najman (Nora Ney) - actress
- Chaim Nowik - manufacturer, original owner of palace near Lipowa 35
- Felicja Raszkin-Nowak - writer, survivor of the Białystok ghetto
- Bencjon Rabinowicz - painter
- Oskar Rozanecki - painter
- Albert Bruce Sabin - inventor of an oral polio vaccine
- Czesław Sadowski - painter, member of the Białystok artists' group Forma-Farba-Faktura
- Simon SegalSimon SegalSimon Segal was a figurative painter and member of the School of Paris of Jewish heritage born in the Russian Empire who emigrated to France in 1925 and was naturalized in 1949. He painted portraits, animals, landscapes and seascapes and created illustrations and mosaics...
- painter, graphic artist, designer of fabrics - Menasze i Efraim Seidenbeutel - painters
- Hayyim Selig SlonimskiHayyim Selig SlonimskiHayyim Selig Slonimski was a Hebrew publisher, astronomer, inventor, and science author.-Biography:Hayyim Selig Slonimski was born in Byelostok, Russian Empire March 31, 1810....
- astronomer, inventor, grandfather of writer Antoni Słonimski - Yitzhak ShamirYitzhak Shamir' is a former Israeli politician, the seventh Prime Minister of Israel, in 1983–84 and 1986–92.-Biography:Icchak Jeziernicky was born in Ruzhany , Russian Empire . He studied at a Hebrew High School in Białystok, Poland. As a youth he joined Betar, the Revisionist Zionist youth movement...
- Prime Minister of IsraelIsraelThe State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea... - Jakub Szapiro - journalist, popularizer of EsperantoEsperantois the most widely spoken constructed international auxiliary language. Its name derives from Doktoro Esperanto , the pseudonym under which L. L. Zamenhof published the first book detailing Esperanto, the Unua Libro, in 1887...
, founder of Ludwik Zamenhofs Association of Esperantists in Białystok - Mordechaj Tenenbaum - leader of Białystok Ghetto Uprising
- Helena i Chaim Tryllingowie - the manufacturers, original owners of palace near Warszawska 7
- Ichiel Tynowicki - painter, member of the Białystok artists' group Forma-Farba-Faktura
- Max WeberMax Weber (artist)For the social theorist and philosopher, see Max WeberMax Weber was a Jewish-American painter who worked in the style of cubism before migrating to Jewish themes towards the end of his life.-Biography:...
- painter - Izaak Zabłudowski - tradesman, philanthropist
- Ludwik Zamenhof - inventor of EsperantoEsperantois the most widely spoken constructed international auxiliary language. Its name derives from Doktoro Esperanto , the pseudonym under which L. L. Zamenhof published the first book detailing Esperanto, the Unua Libro, in 1887...
- Józef Zeligman - founder of multicultural high school
- Nahum Zemach - the organizer of Habima Theatre, The Jewish National Theater in Tel Aviv
- Henryk Złotkowski - Righteous Among the Nations