Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski
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Szlachta
The szlachta was a legally privileged noble class with origins in the Kingdom of Poland. It gained considerable institutional privileges during the 1333-1370 reign of Casimir the Great. In 1413, following a series of tentative personal unions between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of...
Lubomirski
Lubomirski family is a Polish szlachta family. The family used the "Szreniawa without a cross" arms and their motto was: Nil conscire sibi ....
Polish heraldry
Polish heraldry is a branch of heraldry focused on studying the development of coats of arms in the lands of historical Poland , as well as specifically-Polish traits of heraldry. The term is also used to refer to Polish heraldic system, as opposed to systems used elsewhere, notably in Western Europe...
Zofia Ostrogska
Zofia Ostrogska
Princess Zofia Ostrogska was a Polish-Lithuanian noble lady of Ruthenian origin.She was the wealthiest lady in Poland. She married Stanisław Lubomirski in 1613. Through this marriage he became an owner of 18 towns, 313 villages and 163 granges in the provinces of Kraków, Sandomierz, Ruthenia and...
Konstancja Ligeza
Konstancja Ligęza was a Polish noblewoman.Daughter of castellan Mikołaj Spytek Ligęza and Zofia Krasińska, the daughter of starost and voivod Stanisław Krasiński. She was married to Grand Marshal and Hetman Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski....
Barbara Tarło
Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski
Aleksander Michał Lubomirski
Hieronim Augustyn Lubomirski
Hieronim Augustyn Lubomirski
Prince Hieronim Augustyn Lubomirski was a Polish noble , magnate, politician and outstanding military commander. He was a Prince of the Holy Roman Empire SRI....
Krystyna Lubomirska
with Barbara Tarło
Franciszek Sebastian Lubomirski
Franciszek Sebastian Lubomirski
Prince Franciszek Sebastian Lubomirski was a Polish noble .Lubomirski was the son of Grand Marshal and Hetman Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski and Barbara Tarło. He was the owner of Łańcut, the starost of Olsztyn, and the Rotmistrz of an armoured cavalry regiment ....
Jerzy Dominik Lubomirski
Jerzy Dominik Lubomirski
Prince Jerzy Dominik Lubomirski was a Polish noble .He was the son of Grand Marshal and Hetman Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski and Barbara Tarło. In 1695 he married Urszula of Altenbockum. The marriage was dissolved by the Pope and c...
Anna Krystyna Lubomirska
Anna Krystyna Lubomirska (XVII-1701)
Princess Anna Krystyna Lubomirska was a Polish noble lady.She was daughter of Grand Marshal and Hetman Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski and Barbara Tarło, the daughter of starost of Olsztyn Jan Karol Tarło. She married Cześnik and Koniuszy Franciszek Stefan Sapieha in 1672 and Court and Grand Chancellor...
Prince Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski (1616–1667) was a Polish
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
noble (szlachcic
Szlachta
The szlachta was a legally privileged noble class with origins in the Kingdom of Poland. It gained considerable institutional privileges during the 1333-1370 reign of Casimir the Great. In 1413, following a series of tentative personal unions between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of...
), magnate
Magnate
Magnate, from the Late Latin magnas, a great man, itself from Latin magnus 'great', designates a noble or other man in a high social position, by birth, wealth or other qualities...
, outstanding politician and military commander. Lubomirski was a Prince of the Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
SRI. He was the initiator of the Lubomirski Rokosz.
Son of voivode and starost Stanisław Lubomirski and Princess Zofia Ostrogska. He was married to Konstancja Ligęza since 1641 and Barbara Tarło since 1654.
He was starost of Kraków
Kraków
Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life...
since 1647, Court Marshall of the Crown in the same year Grand Marshal of the Crown since 1650, Field Crown Hetman
Hetman
Hetman was the title of the second-highest military commander in 15th- to 18th-century Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, which together, from 1569 to 1795, comprised the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, or Rzeczpospolita....
since 1658, starost of Nowy Sącz
Nowy Sacz
Nowy Sącz is a town in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship in southern Poland. It is the district capital of Nowy Sącz County, but is not included within the powiat.-Names:...
and Spisz.
Sejm Marshal of the ordinary Sejm on February 1-March 29, 1643 in Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
.
Biography
Lubomirski became famous as a commander during wars with the Ukrainian Cossacks, SwedenSweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, Transylvania
Transylvania
Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term sometimes encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical...
and Muscovy in the 1648–1660 period. Inter alia he crushes invading troops of George II Rákóczi
George II Rákóczi
György Rákóczi II , a Transylvanian Hungarian ruler, was the eldest son of George I and Susanna Lorantffy....
and marched in Transylvania. He also forced, together with Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki, Russian troops to surrender at the battle of Cudnów in 1660.
He was a staunch defender of the "Golden freedoms" and the leader of the opposition to King Jan II Kazimierz, who was attempting to increase his power.
The King accused him as traitor of the state and with an adjudication of guilt adopted by the Sejm
Sejm
The Sejm is the lower house of the Polish parliament. The Sejm is made up of 460 deputies, or Poseł in Polish . It is elected by universal ballot and is presided over by a speaker called the Marshal of the Sejm ....
, he lost all his offices and was sent into banishment in 1664.
However, in 1655 he started the "Lubomirski Rokosz" and countermanded system reforms of the Republic
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was a dualistic state of Poland and Lithuania ruled by a common monarch. It was the largest and one of the most populous countries of 16th- and 17th‑century Europe with some and a multi-ethnic population of 11 million at its peak in the early 17th century...
. Using his influence Lubomirski had two sessions of the Sejm dissolved, in 1655 by deputies Piotr Telefus and Władysław Łoś, and in 1656 by deputies Kasper Miaskowski and Teodor Łukomski. At the head of regular army units and some noble levy (pospolite ruszenie
Pospolite ruszenie
Pospolite ruszenie , is an anachronistic term describing the mobilisation of armed forces, especially during the period of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The tradition of wartime mobilisation of part of the population existed from before the 13th century to the 19th century...
) forces, he defeated the Royal army at Częstochowa
Czestochowa
Częstochowa is a city in south Poland on the Warta River with 240,027 inhabitants . It has been situated in the Silesian Voivodeship since 1999, and was previously the capital of Częstochowa Voivodeship...
in 1665 and royal troops led by the future King Jan Sobieski, at Mątwy
Mątwy
The village of Mątwy is located about 8 km south of Inowrocław in northern Poland. Formerly an independent village, it is currently a part of the town of Inowrocław.- Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth :...
in 1666.
The Agreement of Łęgonice gave him back his dignity and annulled the earlier adjudication of the Sejm, the king was forced to give up his reform plans and the introduction of "vivente rege
Vivente Rege
Vivente Rege is a form of king's election, where the king's successor, usually of the same dynasty, was elected before the old king died...
elections" and resulted indirect in abdication of the monarch in 1668. However, Lubomirski was forced into exile to Breslauhttp://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&vid=ISBN0395652375&id=MziRd4ddZz4C&pg=PA344&lpg=PA344&dq=1773+exiled+Sejm&sig=92NKMrNxjDRA53dUBxLlZgEkfSA.
Assessment
Some claim Lubomirski was one of the outstanding magnates of the 17th century. He frequently served as a deputy to the Sejm, was an excellent orator, military commander and politician, and had great private ambitions.Others have a much lower esteem of his accomplishments; he is called prideful and ambitious, he is accused of "weird" (read: traitorous) behavior during the war against Sweden (1655–1660), he presumably contributed to the defeat of the Swedish-allied Transylvanian invaders but he let their leader and his top officials go in exchange for nothing (instead of keeping them prisoners for a ransom, or as political pawns), his "victorious" rebellion against the Polish government prevented the realization of key reforms, what in turn had grave consequences for the Commonwealth in the long term. His only real big accomplishment was the victory at Cudnow, but even that he did not accomplish alone - and he abandoned his army afterwards, seeking praise from the royal court, while the army disintegrated and soldiers went unpaid and wounded were unattended.
Children and famous descendants
- Stanisław Herakliusz become Court and Grand Marshal.
- Aleksander Michał become starost.
- Hieronim Augustyn become Court Marshal, Treasurer and Hetman.
- Krystyna married Feliks Kazimierz PotockiFeliks Kazimierz PotockiFeliks Kazimierz "Szczęsny" Potocki was a Polish noble, magnate and military leader.He was the son of Hetman and magnate Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki and Zofia Kalinowska, and brother of Hetman Andrzej Potocki. He married the daughter of Hetman and Marshal of the Crown Prince Jerzy Sebastian...
. - Franciszek Sebastian become starost and Rotmistrz.
- Jerzy Dominik become PodstoliPodstoliPodstoli was a court office in Poland and Lithuania. A Podstoli was the deputy of a Stolnik, and was responsible for the King's pantry....
, Podkomorzy and voivode. - Anna Krystyna married Dominik Mikołaj Radziwiłł and Franciszek Stefan Sapieha.
Descendants
His (4x great-)grand-daughter, Princess Izabela Maria LubomirskaIzabela Maria Lubomirska
Princess Izabela Maria Sanguszko , in Polish Izabela Maria z książąt Lubomirskich księżna Sanguszkowa was a Polish noble lady....
, is Prince Władysław Leon Sapieha
Władysław Leon Sapieha
Władysław Leon Adam Feliks Sapieha was a Polish prince and magnate, member of the Sapieha family , landowner, social activist, deputy to the Diet of Galicia and Reichsrat....
's maternal grand-mother. Prince Władysław Leon is himself Princess Zofia Sapieha
Zofia Sapieha
Countess Sophia Komorowska , in Polish Zofia z książąt Sapiehów hrabina Komorowska was a Polish princess and grandmother of Belgian heir apparent's wife, Princess Mathilde, Duchess of Brabant.Princess Sophia Sapieha was a member of a Polish–Lithuanian princely family, the Sapieha...
's paternal grand-father. And Princess Zofia is Princess Mathilde, Duchess of Brabant
Princess Mathilde, Duchess of Brabant
Princess Mathilde, Duchess of Brabant, DHS , is the wife of the heir apparent to the Belgian throne, Prince Philippe, Duke of Brabant...
's maternal grand-mother.
So Prince Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski is a 12th generation ancestor of Belgian heir apparent's wife Princess Mathilde, Duchess of Brabant
Princess Mathilde, Duchess of Brabant
Princess Mathilde, Duchess of Brabant, DHS , is the wife of the heir apparent to the Belgian throne, Prince Philippe, Duke of Brabant...
.
External links
- Georgius Lubomirski Portrait, painter G.Daniel Schultz. engraver Jeremias FalckJeremias FalckJeremias Falck was an engraver of the 17th century Baroque, born and active in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth...