Jeer Hungar
Encyclopedia
Jirhangga (?--June 1, 1856) belonged to Bordered Yellow Banner. He was an eminent Manchu official in the late Qing dynasty
and served as the Governor of Jiangsu. He was appointed to that post by Imperial Inspector Minister
Xiang Rong
(向榮). Jirhangga was killed in action
against the rebels during the Taiping Rebellion
, and his death nearly amounted to a suicide, as he led a small army against huge Taiping forces.
For this action of considerable merit, he was promoted, shortly before the Tianjing Incident
.
, Jirhangga and Mayor Nanjing led 15,000 troop, and broke into Shanghai
after mining one of the city walls ; this was followed by street fighting, the recovery of Shanghai county, and finally, the arrest of thousands of Small Swords Society
members.
Organizing the Corps
In March 1856, he and Nanjing
‘s Mayor led 40,000 troops stationed in Mount Jiuhua. The army was intended to capture the capital of the Taiping Rebellion
in Nanjing.
led a strong Taiping force to reinforce the offensive against Beijing in the North, Jirhangga had only few troops near enough to use against Qin Rigang. But Jirhangga did not try to escape his responsibility: he took the decision to immediately attack Qin Rigang, in spite of his staff's advice to retreat. To these advices of caution, he only replied : "In early days, I was but a middle rank officer in Beijing, and was soon promoted to a higher rank by the Emperor himself and Imperial Inspector Minister
Xiang Rong
. Now, it is my duty to thank them and defend Beijing!".
He then shouted : "Today I will pay my debt to the Emperor with my life !" Then, his eyes filled with tears, and the members of his staff remained silent.
In the District de Dantu city, after five days of fighting, Jirhangga was standing on top of the city wall, waving the Qing's banner
adorned with the dragon
, as he was cheering up his troops with undaunted courage.
Unfortunately, he was then killed by artillery shells. The mayor of Nanjing had just escaped to safety, but, for friendship's sake, he retraced his steps to come to Jirhangga. The mayor then took Jirhangga's body and tried to escape with the 7,000 survivors of the Green Standard Army
. However, he was killed during an attack by the 30,000 strong Taiping rebel army.
, he cried many days and said: "they were my good friends, such justice and upright persons were sacrificed for the country, I should followed them!". Soon, he committed suicide by jumping into the Yangtze River
.
led reinforcements from Jiangnan DaYing
to save Jirhangga but arrived too late (Jirhangga had been killed a week earlier), but Zhang Guoliang
defeated the Taiping and recovered the important city of Zhenjiang
occupied for five years by the Taiping. Jirhangga's death and the five days combat changed the Taiping rebels's former offensive toward the north
Because Zhang Guoliang left Jiangnan Daying
and recovered Zhenjiang
, over 400,000 Taiping troops occurred second and more large offensive to Jiangnan DaYing
, that was famous Battle of Nanking (1856)
(??).
General Qin Rigang
returned to Nanjing, after 3 months, occurred sad purge that Qin join in Nanjing, that merit was extra over Jirhangga's count in alive (??).
Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917. It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and followed by the Republic of China....
and served as the Governor of Jiangsu. He was appointed to that post by Imperial Inspector Minister
Imperial Inspector Minister
Imperial Inspector Minister was an eminent official or military general that represent emperor in China （the late Ming dynasty and Qing Dynasty）and Russia, it does not belong to regular official system that must take care for some very important events in the empire, so his power just only below...
Xiang Rong
Xiang Rong
Xiang Rong 向榮 born in Wuxi County Chongqing, was a general promoted from the ranks of a foot soldier in Qing Dynasty. He was involved in early military operations against the Taiping reform movement in Guangxi from 1850...
(向榮). Jirhangga was killed in action
Killed in action
Killed in action is a casualty classification generally used by militaries to describe the deaths of their own forces at the hands of hostile forces. The United States Department of Defense, for example, says that those declared KIA need not have fired their weapons but have been killed due to...
against the rebels during the Taiping Rebellion
Taiping Rebellion
The Taiping Rebellion was a widespread civil war in southern China from 1850 to 1864, led by heterodox Christian convert Hong Xiuquan, who, having received visions, maintained that he was the younger brother of Jesus Christ, against the ruling Manchu-led Qing Dynasty...
, and his death nearly amounted to a suicide, as he led a small army against huge Taiping forces.
For this action of considerable merit, he was promoted, shortly before the Tianjing Incident
Tianjing Incident
The Tianjing Incident occurred during the late Qing Dynasty from September 2 to October 1856. This was a major internal conflict within the Taiping Rebellion which took place in its capital city Tianjing. A few key leaders of the Taiping Rebellion were killed; the East King Yang Xiuqing, the North...
.
Recovery of Shanghai county
Before the 1856 Chinese New YearChinese New Year
Chinese New Year – often called Chinese Lunar New Year although it actually is lunisolar – is the most important of the traditional Chinese holidays. It is an all East and South-East-Asia celebration...
, Jirhangga and Mayor Nanjing led 15,000 troop, and broke into Shanghai
Shanghai
Shanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010...
after mining one of the city walls ; this was followed by street fighting, the recovery of Shanghai county, and finally, the arrest of thousands of Small Swords Society
Small Swords Society
Small Swords Society was a political and military organisation active in Shanghai, China and neighbouring areas during the Taiping Rebellion....
members.
Organizing the CorpsCorpsA corps is either a large formation, or an administrative grouping of troops within an armed force with a common function such as Artillery or Signals representing an arm of service...
at Mount Jiuhua
In March 1856, he and NanjingNanjing
' is the capital of Jiangsu province in China and has a prominent place in Chinese history and culture, having been the capital of China on several occasions...
‘s Mayor led 40,000 troops stationed in Mount Jiuhua. The army was intended to capture the capital of the Taiping Rebellion
Taiping Rebellion
The Taiping Rebellion was a widespread civil war in southern China from 1850 to 1864, led by heterodox Christian convert Hong Xiuquan, who, having received visions, maintained that he was the younger brother of Jesus Christ, against the ruling Manchu-led Qing Dynasty...
in Nanjing.
Let me pay my debt to the Emperor !
When Taiping general Qin RigangQin Rigang
Qin Rigang , was a Hakka military leader of the Taiping Rebellion, known during his military tenure as the King of Yen or Yan King , which means swallow. He served under Hong Xiuquan's Taiping Administration and led Taiping forces to many military victories...
led a strong Taiping force to reinforce the offensive against Beijing in the North, Jirhangga had only few troops near enough to use against Qin Rigang. But Jirhangga did not try to escape his responsibility: he took the decision to immediately attack Qin Rigang, in spite of his staff's advice to retreat. To these advices of caution, he only replied : "In early days, I was but a middle rank officer in Beijing, and was soon promoted to a higher rank by the Emperor himself and Imperial Inspector Minister
Imperial Inspector Minister
Imperial Inspector Minister was an eminent official or military general that represent emperor in China （the late Ming dynasty and Qing Dynasty）and Russia, it does not belong to regular official system that must take care for some very important events in the empire, so his power just only below...
Xiang Rong
Xiang Rong
Xiang Rong 向榮 born in Wuxi County Chongqing, was a general promoted from the ranks of a foot soldier in Qing Dynasty. He was involved in early military operations against the Taiping reform movement in Guangxi from 1850...
. Now, it is my duty to thank them and defend Beijing!".
He then shouted : "Today I will pay my debt to the Emperor with my life !" Then, his eyes filled with tears, and the members of his staff remained silent.
In the District de Dantu city, after five days of fighting, Jirhangga was standing on top of the city wall, waving the Qing's banner
National flag
A national flag is a flag that symbolizes a country. The flag is flown by the government, but usually can also be flown by citizens of the country.Both public and private buildings such as schools and courthouses may fly the national flag...
adorned with the dragon
Dragon
A dragon is a legendary creature, typically with serpentine or reptilian traits, that feature in the myths of many cultures. There are two distinct cultural traditions of dragons: the European dragon, derived from European folk traditions and ultimately related to Greek and Middle Eastern...
, as he was cheering up his troops with undaunted courage.
Unfortunately, he was then killed by artillery shells. The mayor of Nanjing had just escaped to safety, but, for friendship's sake, he retraced his steps to come to Jirhangga. The mayor then took Jirhangga's body and tried to escape with the 7,000 survivors of the Green Standard Army
Green Standard Army
Green Standard Army is the name of a category of military units under the control of the Qing Dynasty in China. It was made up mostly of ethnic Han soldiers and operated concurrently with the Manchu-Mongol-Han Eight Banner armies...
. However, he was killed during an attack by the 30,000 strong Taiping rebel army.
3 persons friendship
When the former vice mayor of Nanjing learnt that governor Jirhangga and the mayor were killed in actionKilled in action
Killed in action is a casualty classification generally used by militaries to describe the deaths of their own forces at the hands of hostile forces. The United States Department of Defense, for example, says that those declared KIA need not have fired their weapons but have been killed due to...
, he cried many days and said: "they were my good friends, such justice and upright persons were sacrificed for the country, I should followed them!". Soon, he committed suicide by jumping into the Yangtze River
Yangtze River
The Yangtze, Yangzi or Cháng Jiāng is the longest river in Asia, and the third-longest in the world. It flows for from the glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai eastward across southwest, central and eastern China before emptying into the East China Sea at Shanghai. It is also one of the...
.
Extra merit
Xiang Rong order general Zhang GuoliangZhang GuoLiang
Zhang Guoliang , born in Guangdong, was a Field Marshal for the Qing dynasty. He was a scion of a Meizhou family who led Chinese military operations. He raised the Green Standard Army by 250,000 to fight against the Taiping Rebellion in the second rout the Army Group Jiangnan in 1860 and was...
led reinforcements from Jiangnan DaYing
Jiangnan DaYing
Jiangnan DaYing was an army group in China. The Qing government raised the Green Standard Army to quell the Taiping Rebellion. Qing twice surrounded Nanjing and lost at last.-Time:...
to save Jirhangga but arrived too late (Jirhangga had been killed a week earlier), but Zhang Guoliang
Zhang GuoLiang
Zhang Guoliang , born in Guangdong, was a Field Marshal for the Qing dynasty. He was a scion of a Meizhou family who led Chinese military operations. He raised the Green Standard Army by 250,000 to fight against the Taiping Rebellion in the second rout the Army Group Jiangnan in 1860 and was...
defeated the Taiping and recovered the important city of Zhenjiang
Zhenjiang
Zhenjiang is a prefecture-level city in the southwest of Jiangsu province in the eastern People's Republic of China . Sitting on the southern bank of the Yangtze River, it borders the provincial capital of Nanjing to the west, Changzhou to the east, and Yangzhou across the river to the north.Once...
occupied for five years by the Taiping. Jirhangga's death and the five days combat changed the Taiping rebels's former offensive toward the north
Because Zhang Guoliang left Jiangnan Daying
Jiangnan DaYing
Jiangnan DaYing was an army group in China. The Qing government raised the Green Standard Army to quell the Taiping Rebellion. Qing twice surrounded Nanjing and lost at last.-Time:...
and recovered Zhenjiang
Zhenjiang
Zhenjiang is a prefecture-level city in the southwest of Jiangsu province in the eastern People's Republic of China . Sitting on the southern bank of the Yangtze River, it borders the provincial capital of Nanjing to the west, Changzhou to the east, and Yangzhou across the river to the north.Once...
, over 400,000 Taiping troops occurred second and more large offensive to Jiangnan DaYing
Jiangnan DaYing
Jiangnan DaYing was an army group in China. The Qing government raised the Green Standard Army to quell the Taiping Rebellion. Qing twice surrounded Nanjing and lost at last.-Time:...
, that was famous Battle of Nanking (1856)
Battle of Nanking (1856)
The Battle of Nanking . The Qing government raised the Green Standard Army to fight against the Taiping Rebellion. The Qing forces surrounded Nanjing .-First rout of the Jiangnan Army Group:1853--1856...
(??).
General Qin Rigang
Qin Rigang
Qin Rigang , was a Hakka military leader of the Taiping Rebellion, known during his military tenure as the King of Yen or Yan King , which means swallow. He served under Hong Xiuquan's Taiping Administration and led Taiping forces to many military victories...
returned to Nanjing, after 3 months, occurred sad purge that Qin join in Nanjing, that merit was extra over Jirhangga's count in alive (??).