Jacques-Nompar de Caumont, duc de la Force
Encyclopedia
Jacques-Nompar de Caumont, duc de la Force (ʒak nɔ̃paːʁ də komɔ̃ dyk də la fɔʁs) (30 October 1558 – 10 May 1652) was a marshal of France
and peer of France.
He was born in La Force
, the son of Francois de Caumont and Philippes de Beaupoil.
He survived the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
(1572), but his father and older brother Armand were killed. He served Henri IV
. He was governor of Béarn
(1593) and governor of Navarre
. After the death of Henri (1610), he plotted with Henri de Rohan
, before submitting to Louis XIII
.
He had a house in the Rue du Roi de Sicile in Paris, which was transformed to La Force Prison
in 1780.
During the reign of Louis XIII
, he was made a marshal of France on 27 May 1622.
He campaigned in Piedmont
, took Saluzzo
in 1630 , defeated the Spaniards
at Carignano
(1630) and lifted the siege of Casale.
Between 1631 and 1634 he invaded Lorraine, and took La Mothe
after a siege of 141 days were Turenne first distinguished himself and La Force's grandson Jacques was killed. He also took Philippsburg
and made the general Colloredo prisoner.
In 1638 he besieged Saint-Omer
in Flanders, but was defeated by Louis Thomas of Savoy-Carignan. It was his last battle.
He died in Bergerac
.
Children :
Marshal of France
The Marshal of France is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a military rank. It is granted to generals for exceptional achievements...
and peer of France.
He was born in La Force
La Force
-Places:La Force is the name of several communes in France:* La Force, in the Aude département* La Force, in the Dordogne département* La Force prison was a prison in Paris-People:* Duc de La Force was a peerage of France...
, the son of Francois de Caumont and Philippes de Beaupoil.
He survived the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
St. Bartholomew's Day massacre
The St. Bartholomew's Day massacre in 1572 was a targeted group of assassinations, followed by a wave of Roman Catholic mob violence, both directed against the Huguenots , during the French Wars of Religion...
(1572), but his father and older brother Armand were killed. He served Henri IV
Henry IV of France
Henry IV , Henri-Quatre, was King of France from 1589 to 1610 and King of Navarre from 1572 to 1610. He was the first monarch of the Bourbon branch of the Capetian dynasty in France....
. He was governor of Béarn
Béarn
Béarn is one of the traditional provinces of France, located in the Pyrenees mountains and in the plain at their feet, in southwest France. Along with the three Basque provinces of Soule, Lower Navarre, and Labourd, the principality of Bidache, as well as small parts of Gascony, it forms in the...
(1593) and governor of Navarre
Navarre
Navarre , officially the Chartered Community of Navarre is an autonomous community in northern Spain, bordering the Basque Country, La Rioja, and Aragon in Spain and Aquitaine in France...
. After the death of Henri (1610), he plotted with Henri de Rohan
Henri, duc de Rohan
Henri de Rohan, Viscount then Duke of Rohan , later duke of Rohan, French soldier, writer and leader of the Huguenots, was born at the Château de Blain , in Brittany....
, before submitting to Louis XIII
Louis XIII of France
Louis XIII was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and of Navarre from 1610 to 1643.Louis was only eight years old when he succeeded his father. His mother, Marie de Medici, acted as regent during Louis' minority...
.
He had a house in the Rue du Roi de Sicile in Paris, which was transformed to La Force Prison
La Force Prison
La Force Prison was a French prison located in the Rue du Roi de Sicile, what is now the 4th arrondissement of Paris.Originally the private residence of the Duke of la Force, the structure was converted into a prison in 1780....
in 1780.
During the reign of Louis XIII
Louis XIII of France
Louis XIII was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and of Navarre from 1610 to 1643.Louis was only eight years old when he succeeded his father. His mother, Marie de Medici, acted as regent during Louis' minority...
, he was made a marshal of France on 27 May 1622.
He campaigned in Piedmont
Piedmont
Piedmont is one of the 20 regions of Italy. It has an area of 25,402 square kilometres and a population of about 4.4 million. The capital of Piedmont is Turin. The main local language is Piedmontese. Occitan is also spoken by a minority in the Occitan Valleys situated in the Provinces of...
, took Saluzzo
Saluzzo
Saluzzo is a town and former principality in the province of Cuneo, Piedmont region, Italy.The city of Saluzzo is built on a hill overlooking a vast, well-cultivated plain. Iron, lead, silver, marble, slate etc...
in 1630 , defeated the Spaniards
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
at Carignano
Carignano
Carignano is a comune in the Province of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 20 km south of Turin. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 8,777 and an area of 50.2 km².-Geography:...
(1630) and lifted the siege of Casale.
Between 1631 and 1634 he invaded Lorraine, and took La Mothe
La Mothe-en-Bassigny
A citadel of the Duchy of Lorraine, La Mothe-en-Bassigny was meant to repel French invaders. It was destroyed in 1645 and is now a ruin.It is situated near Neufchâteau, between the villages of Outremécourt and Soulaucourt-sur-Mouzon ....
after a siege of 141 days were Turenne first distinguished himself and La Force's grandson Jacques was killed. He also took Philippsburg
Philippsburg
Philippsburg is a town in Germany, in the district of Karlsruhe in Baden-Württemberg.-History:Before 1632, Philippsburg was known as "Udenheim".The city was a possession of the Bishop of Speyer from 1371–1718...
and made the general Colloredo prisoner.
In 1638 he besieged Saint-Omer
Saint-Omer
Saint-Omer , a commune and sub-prefecture of the Pas-de-Calais department west-northwest of Lille on the railway to Calais. The town is named after Saint Audomar, who brought Christianity to the area....
in Flanders, but was defeated by Louis Thomas of Savoy-Carignan. It was his last battle.
He died in Bergerac
Bergerac, Dordogne
Bergerac is a commune and a sub-prefecture of the Dordogne department in southwestern France.-Population:-Economy:The region is primarily known for wine and tobacco...
.
Issue
He married on 5 February 1577, Charlotte de Gontaut, daughter of marshal Armand de Gontaut, baron de BironArmand de Gontaut, baron de Biron
Armand de Gontaut, baron de Biron was a celebrated French soldier of the 16th century.-Biography:His family, one of the numerous branches of the House of Gontaut, took its title from the territory of Biron in Périgord, where on a hill between the Dropt and the Lide still stands the magnificent...
Children :
- Armand-Nompar de Caumont, duc de la ForceArmand-Nompar de Caumont, duc de la ForceArmand-Nompar de Caumont, duc de la Force was a Marshal of France and peer of France.He was the son of another Marshal of France, Jacques-Nompar de Caumont, duc de la Force and Charlotte de Gontaut, daughter of Marshal Armand de Gontaut, baron de Biron...
(c. 1580-1675), peer and marshal of France. His daughter- Charlotte married Turenne, but died in 1666 without children.
- Henri-Nompar de Caumont, duc de La ForceHenri-Nompar de Caumont, duc de La ForceHenri-Nompar de Caumont, duc de La Force was Duc de La Force and peer of France. He was the son of Marshal of France, Jacques-Nompar de Caumont, duc de la Force and Charlotte de Gontaut, daughter of Marshal Armand de Gontaut, baron de Biron...
(1582-1678), his daughter- Charlotte married in 1630 de Gabriel de Caumont, comte de Lauzun, and were parents of
- Antoine Nompar de CaumontAntoine Nompar de CaumontAntoine Nompar de Caumont, marquis de Puyguilhem, duc de Lauzun was a French courtier and soldier. He was the only love interest of the "greatest heiress in Europe", Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, cousin of Louis XIV.-Biography:...
, Duc de Lauzun
- Antoine Nompar de Caumont
- Charlotte married in 1630 de Gabriel de Caumont, comte de Lauzun, and were parents of
- Jacques, seigneur de Maduran, killed during the siege of JülichJülichJülich is a town in the district of Düren, in the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Jülich is well known as location of a world-famous research centre, the Forschungszentrum Jülich and as shortwave transmission site of Deutsche Welle...
in 1610 - Charles, seigneur de Maduran.
- Pierre, baron d'Aymet.
- Jean, seigneur de Montpouillan.
- Jean-Jacob, marquis de Tonneins
- François de Caumont La Force, whose daughter was:
- Charlotte-Rose de Caumont La ForceCharlotte-Rose de Caumont La ForceCharlotte-Rose de Caumont de La Force or Mademoiselle de La Force was a French novelist and poet. Her best-known work was her 1698 fairy tale Persinette which was adapted by the Brothers Grimm as the story Rapunzel....
or Mademoiselle de La Force (1654 - 1724)
- Charlotte-Rose de Caumont La Force
- Jacqueline
- Isabelle
See also
- Peter ForcePeter ForcePeter Force was a 19th-century politician, newspaper editor, archivist, and historian.Born near the Passaic Falls in New Jersey, to William, a soldier in the Civil War and descendant of French Huguenots who arrived on America's shores in the 17th century, and Sarah Force , Force grew up New Paltz,...
- William Force SteadWilliam Force SteadWilliam Force Stead was an American diplomat and poet, who became an Anglican clergyman and chaplain of Worcester College, Oxford. He is best known for his editorial work on Christopher Smart....