Jacob de Graeff
Encyclopedia
Jacob de Graeff was a member of the De Graeff
-family from the Dutch Golden Age
. He was an Amsterdam Regent
and held the titles as 20.th Lord of the Free and high Fief Ilpendam and Purmerland
. Jacob de Graeff was a member of a family of regents who belonged to the republican
political movement also referred to as the ‘state oriented’, as opposed to the Royalist
s.
and Catharina Hooft
, and the younger brother of Pieter de Graeff
. In 1648 Jacob laid the foundation stone for the new city hall on the Dam. Joost van den Vondel
wrote a poem to Jacobs Foundation stone. During the summers zhe family spent a lot of their time at the Palace Soestdijk, and he and his brother played with the young William III of Orange
– who later became King of England, Scotland and Ireland
and stadtholder
of the United Provinces of the Netherlands – at the lake and woods at Soestdijk. After he finished his studies at the University of Harderwijk
he returned bag to Amsterdam. In 1666 he married to Maria van der Does. Maria died 3 months later and they had no children.
In 1672 Jacob became a member of the Government of the City of Amsterdam. He was a political advisor to his cousin Johan De Witt
. In the rampjaar 1672
, after the death of the brothers De Witt and the raise of the House of Orange, the republican-minded faction of the De Graeff family included Jacob and Pieter, their uncle Andries de Graeff
and their nephew Lambert Reynst, lost their political positions. In 1674 Jacob sold the hunting lodge and its surrounding fields, now the Soestdijk Palace, for only 18,755 Guilder to William III, and became one of the princes captains in the battle at Reibach near Bonn
. In the same year Jacob owned 260.000 Guilder. About that he was one of the richest persons from the Dutch Golden Age.
Jacob was like his father Cornelis a man who surrounded himself with art and beauty. He was an art collector and patron to some famous artists. Jacob was painted by Gerard Ter Borch
, Jacob Isaakszoon van Ruisdael, Thomas de Keyser
, Karel Dujardin
and Jan Victors
and sing by the poet Joost van den Vondel. Jacob owned the castle Ilpenstein
. He died 1690; his tomb chapel is to be found in the Oude Kerk at Amsterdam.
De Graeff
De Graeff is an old Dutch patrician family. The family have played an important role during the Dutch Golden Age. They were at the centre of Amsterdam public life and oligarchy from 1578 until 1672...
-family from the Dutch Golden Age
Dutch Golden Age
The Golden Age was a period in Dutch history, roughly spanning the 17th century, in which Dutch trade, science, military and art were among the most acclaimed in the world. The first half is characterised by the Eighty Years' War till 1648...
. He was an Amsterdam Regent
Regenten
In the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, the regenten were the rulers of the Dutch Republic, the leaders of the Dutch cities or the heads of organisations . Though not formally a hereditary "class", they were de facto "patricians", comparable to that ancient Roman class...
and held the titles as 20.th Lord of the Free and high Fief Ilpendam and Purmerland
Fief of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam
The Free and high Fief of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam was a type of local jurisdiction with many rights.- History of the free and high fief :...
. Jacob de Graeff was a member of a family of regents who belonged to the republican
Republicanism
Republicanism is the ideology of governing a nation as a republic, where the head of state is appointed by means other than heredity, often elections. The exact meaning of republicanism varies depending on the cultural and historical context...
political movement also referred to as the ‘state oriented’, as opposed to the Royalist
Royalist
A royalist supports a particular monarch as head of state for a particular kingdom, or of a particular dynastic claim. In the abstract, this position is royalism. It is distinct from monarchism, which advocates a monarchical system of government, but not necessarily a particular monarch...
s.
Biography
Jacob was the son of Cornelis de GraeffCornelis de Graeff
Cornelis de Graeff, also Cornelis de Graeff van Polsbroek was the most illustrious member of the De Graeff family. He was a mayor of Amsterdam from the Dutch Golden Age and a powerful Amsterdam regent after the sudden death of stadholder William II of Orange...
and Catharina Hooft
Catharina Hooft
Catharina Pietersdr. Hooft was a woman of the Dutch Golden Age. She became famous at a very early age, when she was painted by Frans Hals. At the age of sixteen she married Cornelis de Graeff, nineteen years her senior and the most powerful regent and mayor of Amsterdam...
, and the younger brother of Pieter de Graeff
Pieter de Graeff
Pieter de Graeff , was a member of the De Graeff-family from the Dutch Golden Age. He was an Amsterdam Regent during the late 1660s and the early 1670s, and held the titles as Lord of the semi-sovereign Fief Zuid-Polsbroek and 19.th Lord of the Free and high Fief Ilpendam and Purmerland...
. In 1648 Jacob laid the foundation stone for the new city hall on the Dam. Joost van den Vondel
Joost van den Vondel
Joost van den Vondel was a Dutch writer and playwright. He is considered the most prominent Dutch poet and playwright of the 17th century. His plays are the ones from that period that are still most frequently performed, and his epic Joannes de Boetgezant , on the life of John the Baptist, has...
wrote a poem to Jacobs Foundation stone. During the summers zhe family spent a lot of their time at the Palace Soestdijk, and he and his brother played with the young William III of Orange
William III of England
William III & II was a sovereign Prince of Orange of the House of Orange-Nassau by birth. From 1672 he governed as Stadtholder William III of Orange over Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel of the Dutch Republic. From 1689 he reigned as William III over England and Ireland...
– who later became King of England, Scotland and Ireland
King of Ireland
A monarchical polity has existed in Ireland during three periods of its history, finally ending in 1801. The designation King of Ireland and Queen of Ireland was used during these periods...
and stadtholder
Stadtholder
A Stadtholder A Stadtholder A Stadtholder (Dutch: stadhouder [], "steward" or "lieutenant", literally place holder, holding someones place, possibly a calque of German Statthalter, French lieutenant, or Middle Latin locum tenens...
of the United Provinces of the Netherlands – at the lake and woods at Soestdijk. After he finished his studies at the University of Harderwijk
University of Harderwijk
The University of Harderwijk , also named the Guelders Academy , was located in the town of Harderwijk, in the Republic of the United Provinces...
he returned bag to Amsterdam. In 1666 he married to Maria van der Does. Maria died 3 months later and they had no children.
In 1672 Jacob became a member of the Government of the City of Amsterdam. He was a political advisor to his cousin Johan De Witt
Johan de Witt
Johan de Witt, heer van Zuid- en Noord-Linschoten, Snelrewaard, Hekendorp and IJsselveere was a key figure in Dutch politics in the mid 17th century, when its flourishing sea trade in a period of globalization made the United Provinces a leading European power during the Dutch Golden Age...
. In the rampjaar 1672
Rampjaar
The rampjaar was the year 1672 in Dutch history. In that year,the Republic of the Seven United Provinces was after the outbreak of the Franco-Dutch War and the Third Anglo-Dutch War attacked by England, France, and the prince-electors Bernhard von Galen, bishop of Münster and Maximilian Henry of...
, after the death of the brothers De Witt and the raise of the House of Orange, the republican-minded faction of the De Graeff family included Jacob and Pieter, their uncle Andries de Graeff
Andries de Graeff
Free Imperial Knight Andries de Graeff was a very powerful member of the Amsterdam branch of the De Graeff - family during the Dutch Golden Age. He became a mayor of Amsterdam and a powerful Amsterdam regent after the death of his older brother Cornelis de Graeff...
and their nephew Lambert Reynst, lost their political positions. In 1674 Jacob sold the hunting lodge and its surrounding fields, now the Soestdijk Palace, for only 18,755 Guilder to William III, and became one of the princes captains in the battle at Reibach near Bonn
Bonn
Bonn is the 19th largest city in Germany. Located in the Cologne/Bonn Region, about 25 kilometres south of Cologne on the river Rhine in the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, it was the capital of West Germany from 1949 to 1990 and the official seat of government of united Germany from 1990 to 1999....
. In the same year Jacob owned 260.000 Guilder. About that he was one of the richest persons from the Dutch Golden Age.
Jacob was like his father Cornelis a man who surrounded himself with art and beauty. He was an art collector and patron to some famous artists. Jacob was painted by Gerard Ter Borch
Gerard ter Borch
Gerard ter Borch was a Dutch genre painter, who lived in the Dutch Golden Age.-Biography:Gerard ter Borch was born in December 1617 in Zwolle in the province of Overijssel in the Dutch Republic....
, Jacob Isaakszoon van Ruisdael, Thomas de Keyser
Thomas de Keyser
Thomas de Keyser was a Dutch painter and architect.De Keyser was born and died in Amsterdam. He excelled as a portrait painter, and was the most in-demand portrait painter in the Netherlands until the 1630s, when Rembrandt eclipsed him in popularity...
, Karel Dujardin
Karel Dujardin
Karel Dujardin was a Dutch painter.-Biography:Karel Dujardin was a Dutch painter and etcher, born in Amsterdam in 1622. Although active as a portrait and history painter, he is best known for his Italianate landscapes. Typical of his landscape paintings is Farm Animals in the Shade of a Tree...
and Jan Victors
Jan Victors
Jan Victors or Fictor was a Dutch Golden Age painter that focused mainly on painting subject from the Bible.-Biography:...
and sing by the poet Joost van den Vondel. Jacob owned the castle Ilpenstein
Ilpenstein
Ilpenstein was the name of a ruined castle of the Free and high Lordship of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam, located in Ilpendam in the north of the city of Amsterdam.-History:...
. He died 1690; his tomb chapel is to be found in the Oude Kerk at Amsterdam.
Literature
- Elias, Johan E. (1903–1905) De vroedschap van Amsterdam, 1578–1795, Haarlem (herdruk 1963, uitgeverij Israël, Amsterdam)
- Zandvliet, Kees (2006) De 250 rijksten van de Gouden Eeuw: kapitaal, macht, familie en levensstijl, p. 97, uitgeverij Nieuw Amsterdam, Amsterdam, ISBN 90-8689-006-7
- Moelker, H.P. (1978) De heerlijkheid Purmerland en Ilpendam, p. 158–166, uitgeverij Nooy, Purmerend (2e druk)
- Graeff, P. DE (P. Gerritsz de Graeff en Dirk de Graeff van Polsbroek) Genealogie van de familie De Graeff van Polsbroek, Amsterdam 1882
- Bruijn, J. H. DE Genealogie van het geslacht De Graeff van Polsbroek 1529/1827
External links and Commons
- Jacob de Graeffs Biography at Biographisch woordenboek der Nederlanden. Part 2
- Jacob de Graeff at Heren van Holland
- Dedalo Carasso, 'Helden van het vaderland' at the DBNL
- Catharina Hooft and her sons Jacob and Pieter de Graeff at Vrouwen van Soestdijk
- Vondel, Joost van den: Adonias of Rampzalige Kroonzucht, Vers about Jacob de Graeff