Iodine pentafluoride
Encyclopedia
Iodine pentafluoride is an interhalogen compound with chemical formula IF5. It is a fluoride
of iodine
. It is a colourless or yellow liquid with a density of 3.250 g cm−3. It was first synthesized by Henri Moissan
in 1891 by burning solid iodine
in fluorine
gas. This exothermic
reaction
is still used to produce iodine pentafluoride, although the reaction conditions have been improved.
.
Primary amines react with iodine pentafluoride forming nitriles after hydrolysis with water.
Fluoride
Fluoride is the anion F−, the reduced form of fluorine when as an ion and when bonded to another element. Both organofluorine compounds and inorganic fluorine containing compounds are called fluorides. Fluoride, like other halides, is a monovalent ion . Its compounds often have properties that are...
of iodine
Iodine
Iodine is a chemical element with the symbol I and atomic number 53. The name is pronounced , , or . The name is from the , meaning violet or purple, due to the color of elemental iodine vapor....
. It is a colourless or yellow liquid with a density of 3.250 g cm−3. It was first synthesized by Henri Moissan
Henri Moissan
Ferdinand Frederick Henri Moissan was a French chemist who won the 1906 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work in isolating fluorine from its compounds.-Biography:...
in 1891 by burning solid iodine
Iodine
Iodine is a chemical element with the symbol I and atomic number 53. The name is pronounced , , or . The name is from the , meaning violet or purple, due to the color of elemental iodine vapor....
in fluorine
Fluorine
Fluorine is the chemical element with atomic number 9, represented by the symbol F. It is the lightest element of the halogen column of the periodic table and has a single stable isotope, fluorine-19. At standard pressure and temperature, fluorine is a pale yellow gas composed of diatomic...
gas. This exothermic
Exothermic
In thermodynamics, the term exothermic describes a process or reaction that releases energy from the system, usually in the form of heat, but also in the form of light , electricity , or sound...
reaction
Chemical reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Chemical reactions can be either spontaneous, requiring no input of energy, or non-spontaneous, typically following the input of some type of energy, such as heat, light or electricity...
is still used to produce iodine pentafluoride, although the reaction conditions have been improved.
- I2 + 5 F2 → 2 IF5
Chemistry
Iodine pentafluoride is a strong fluorination agent and is highly oxidative. It reacts vigorously with water forming hydrofluoric acidHydrofluoric acid
Hydrofluoric acid is a solution of hydrogen fluoride in water. It is a valued source of fluorine and is the precursor to numerous pharmaceuticals such as fluoxetine and diverse materials such as PTFE ....
.
Primary amines react with iodine pentafluoride forming nitriles after hydrolysis with water.
- R-CH2-NH2 → R-CN