Subunit beta of interleukin 12 (also known as natural killer cell stimulatory factor 2, or cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 2, p40) (human gene name IL12B) is a subunit of human interleukin 12

Interleukin 12

Interleukin 12 is an interleukin that is naturally produced by dendritic cells, macrophages and human B-lymphoblastoid cells in response to antigenic stimulation.-Gene and structure:...

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Interactions

Interleukin-12 subunit beta has been shown to interact

Protein-protein interaction

Protein–protein interactions occur when two or more proteins bind together, often to carry out their biological function. Many of the most important molecular processes in the cell such as DNA replication are carried out by large molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein...

 with Interleukin 23

Interleukin 23

Interleukin-23 subunit alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL23A gene. IL-23 is produced by dendritic cells and macrophages...

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RNA editing

Interleukin 12 receptor, beta 2 subunit(IL12Rβ2) is a product of the IL12-R β2

Interleukin 12 receptor, beta 2 subunit

Interleukin 12 receptor, beta 2 subunit is a subunit of the interleukin 12 receptor. IL12RB2 is its human gene. IL12RB2 orthologs have been identified in all mammals for which complete genome data are available.-Interactions:...

 gene.As previously mentioned the gene product is one of two subunits which combine to form the IL-12 receptor

Interleukin-12 receptor

Interleukin 12 receptor is a type I cytokine receptor, binding interleukin 12. It consists of beta 1 and beta 2 subunits....

.The other subunit being IL12-R β1

Interleukin 12 receptor, beta 1 subunit

Interleukin 12 receptor, beta 1 is a subunit of the interleukin 12 receptor. IL12RB1, is its human gene. IL12RB1 is also known as CD212 ....

 subunit. The β2 subunit is only expressed in Th1 lymphocytes.The pre-mRNA of the IL12-R β2 gene is subject to RNA editing.

Editing sites

The editing site is located at nucleotide 2451 which is found in exon 13 which forms part of the extracellular domain of the protein. However another report was unable to detect this C to U conversion

Protein structure

Editng results in an amino acid change fro an alanine to a valine may cause a conformational change in the IL12 receptor.

Protein function

Edting causes a reduction in the extent of IL-12 signalling as the β subunit is involved in signal transduction.This leads to insufficient IFN-γ production possibly due to an interruption of the binding of IL12 to its receptor.Binding may be restricyed due to a conformational change caused by the change of amino acid.The change in the signalling cascade and reduction of IFN-γ effects downregulation of IgE. Atrophy patients have enhanced IgE sensitivity to everyday environmental factors such as asthma.This is the only editing event linked to atrophy.

Associated conditions

There is an increase in the frequency of editing in Atopic patients (20.6%) from that non atopic patients (3.8%) transcripts.This is the first reported case that indicates that atopy could be associated with RNA editing.Atopy is characterized by enhanced immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses to common environmental antigens and leads to clinical disorders such as asthma, eczema and rhinitis.

Further reading