Intercursus Magnus
Encyclopedia
The Intercursus Magnus was a major and long-lasting commercial treaty
signed in February 1496 by Henry VII of England
Other signatories included the commercial powers of Venice
, Florence
, the Netherlands
, and the Hanseatic League
. Briefly, the Malus Intercursus ("evil treaty"; so named from the Dutch perspective for being far too favorable to English interests) was negotiated with Philip of Burgundy
and was intended to replace the Intercursus Magnus in 1506. Philip's death meant that the Intercursus Magnus continued to be in effect. It granted reciprocal trade privileges to English and Flemings and established fixed duties
. These certainties greatly aided English export of wool, and thus Henry VII's treasury. The treaty was designed to resolve some trade war
s between England and the Netherlands sparked by Margaret of Burgundy
's interference in English wars of succession, specifically her support for Perkin Warbeck
; one condition of the treaty was that no further meddling take place.
- De Roover, 1966)
Commercial treaty
A Commercial treaty is a formal agreement between states for the purpose of establishing mutual rights and regulating conditions of trade.For example, the Methuen Treaty was a commercial treaty between Portugal and England....
signed in February 1496 by Henry VII of England
Henry VII of England
Henry VII was King of England and Lord of Ireland from his seizing the crown on 22 August 1485 until his death on 21 April 1509, as the first monarch of the House of Tudor....
Other signatories included the commercial powers of Venice
Venice
Venice is a city in northern Italy which is renowned for the beauty of its setting, its architecture and its artworks. It is the capital of the Veneto region...
, Florence
Florence
Florence is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany and of the province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany, with approximately 370,000 inhabitants, expanding to over 1.5 million in the metropolitan area....
, the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, and the Hanseatic League
Hanseatic League
The Hanseatic League was an economic alliance of trading cities and their merchant guilds that dominated trade along the coast of Northern Europe...
. Briefly, the Malus Intercursus ("evil treaty"; so named from the Dutch perspective for being far too favorable to English interests) was negotiated with Philip of Burgundy
Philip I of Castile
Philip I , known as Philip the Handsome or the Fair, was the first Habsburg King of Castile...
and was intended to replace the Intercursus Magnus in 1506. Philip's death meant that the Intercursus Magnus continued to be in effect. It granted reciprocal trade privileges to English and Flemings and established fixed duties
Duty (economics)
In economics, a duty is a kind of tax, often associated with customs, a payment due to the revenue of a state, levied by force of law. It is a tax on certain items purchased abroad...
. These certainties greatly aided English export of wool, and thus Henry VII's treasury. The treaty was designed to resolve some trade war
Trade war
A trade war refers to two or more states raising or creating tariffs or other trade barriers on each other in retaliation for other trade barriers...
s between England and the Netherlands sparked by Margaret of Burgundy
Margaret of York
Margaret of York – also by marriage known as Margaret of Burgundy – was Duchess of Burgundy as the third wife of Charles the Bold and acted as a protector of the Duchy after his death. She was a daughter of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, and Cecily Neville, and the sister of...
's interference in English wars of succession, specifically her support for Perkin Warbeck
Perkin Warbeck
Perkin Warbeck was a pretender to the English throne during the reign of King Henry VII of England. By claiming to be Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York, the younger son of King Edward IV, one of the Princes in the Tower, Warbeck was a significant threat to the newly established Tudor Dynasty,...
; one condition of the treaty was that no further meddling take place.
Sources
- (the product of three years of research in the Florentine archives, to improve the author's previous work; it was previously released in 1963 by Harvard University PressHarvard University Press
Harvard University Press is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing. In 2005, it published 220 new titles. It is a member of the Association of American University Presses. Its current director is William P...
- De Roover, 1966)