Indonesian Islamic Union Party
Encyclopedia
Islamic Association Party of Indonesia was an Islamic political party in Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...

. In 1973 it was merged into the United Development Party
United Development Party
The United Development Party , sometimes translated as Development Unity Party is a political party in Indonesia. It is an islamic party and currently led by Suryadharma Ali.-Origins:...

.

Origins

The Sarekat Islam
Sarekat Islam
Sarekat Islam, formerly Sarekat Dagang Islam, was a Javanese batik traders's cooperative in Indonesia.Sarekat Dagang Islam was founded by Haji Samanhudi, a businessman in Surakarta, in 1905 or 1912. His business was trading in batik, the traditional cloth made in Java...

 (Islamic Association) was a pre-war political organization in the then-Dutch East Indies
Dutch East Indies
The Dutch East Indies was a Dutch colony that became modern Indonesia following World War II. It was formed from the nationalised colonies of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Netherlands government in 1800....

. Following a split brought about by the increasing influence of the Indonesian Communist Party
Communist Party of Indonesia
The Communist Party of Indonesia was the largest non-ruling communist party in the world prior to being crushed in 1965 and banned the following year.-Forerunners:...

 (PKI), at the organization's 1923 conference, Tjokrominoto set up the Islamic Association Party to rid the organization of the PKI. The PSI supported Sukarno's efforts to united Indonesian political organizations following the establishment of the Indonesian National Party
Indonesian National Party
The Indonesian National Party is the same used by several political parties in Indonesia from 1927 until the present day.-Pre-independence:...

 (PNI) in 1927. The PSI changed its name to the Islamic Association Party of Indonesia (PSII) in 1929 and in the next few years attacked nationalism of other parties, claiming that nationalism came from men rather than God. The party's fortunes waned in 1934 when the Dutch colonial authorities clamped down on nationalist activities and party leader Tjokroaminoto
Tjokroaminoto
Hadji Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto was a nationalist, the first leader of Sarekat Dagang Islam in Indonesia.-Early life:...

 died. Following this, political Islam broke into factions. In 1942 the occupying Japanese
Japanese Occupation of Indonesia
The Japanese Empire occupied Indonesia, known then as the Dutch East Indies, during World War II from March 1942 until after the end of War in 1945...

 banned all political activity. However in 1943 the Japanese established an organization called Masyumi in an attempt to control Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and .   : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...

 in Indonesia. The following year the Masyumi military wing established, with many pre-war pro-cooperation faction PSII members in the leadership.

Post-independence

In 1947, the PSII split from Masyumi in 1947 because of disagreements with the leadership, especially Natsir. The new PSII claimed to be same organization as pre-war party. It did not cooperate with Masyumi after the split although leaders of both parties claimed their differences were minor. It was not as strong as Masyumi nationally, but several of its members served in Indonesian cabinets
Cabinet of Indonesia
The cabinet of Indonesia is the council of ministers appointed by the president. Indonesia has seen dozens of cabinets since independence in 1945, although during the New Order most cabinets retained unchanged for five years at a time...

 in the 1950s.

The party came fifth in the 1955 legislative election
Indonesian legislative election, 1955
Indonesia's first parliamentary general election was held on 29 September 1955. The candidates were seeking to be elected to the 257-seat People's Representative Council, which would replace the existing provisional legislature...

 with 2.9 percent of the vote, winning eight seats in the People's Representative Council
People's Representative Council
The People's Representative Council , sometimes referred to as the House of Representatives, is one of two elected national legislative assemblies in Indonesia....

. In the 1971 election
Indonesian legislative election, 1971
Indonesia's second legislative election, and the first under the New Order regime, was held on July 3, 1971. There were 10 participants; 9 political parties and the "functional group" Golkar.-Background:...

 it won 2.4 percent of the vote and ten seats, but shortly after was fused into the United Development Party
United Development Party
The United Development Party , sometimes translated as Development Unity Party is a political party in Indonesia. It is an islamic party and currently led by Suryadharma Ali.-Origins:...

, ending its existence as a separate political entity.

See also

  • Politics of Indonesia
    Politics of Indonesia
    Politics of Indonesia takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Indonesia is both head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both...

  • List of political parties in Indonesia
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