DNA-binding protein Ikaros also known as Ikaros family zinc finger protein 1 is a protein

Protein

Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...

 that in humans is encoded by the IKZF1 gene

Gene

A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...

. Ikaros displays crucial functions in the hematopoietic system and its loss of function has been linked to the development of lymphoid leukemia. In particular, Ikaros has been found in recent years to be a major tumor suppressor involved in human B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. IKZF1 is upregulated in granulocytes, B cells, CD4 and CD8 T cells, and NK cells, and downregulated in erythroblasts, megakaryocytes and monocytes. In Ikaros knockout mice, T cells but not B cells are generated late in mouse development due to late compensatory expression of the related gene Aiolos (IKZF3). SNPs located near the 3' region of IKZF1 in humans have been linked to susceptibility to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a form of leukemia, or cancer of the white blood cells characterized by excess lymphoblasts.Malignant, immature white blood cells continuously multiply and are overproduced in the bone marrow. ALL causes damage and death by crowding out normal cells in the bone...

  as well as type 1 diabetes

Diabetes mellitus type 1

Diabetes mellitus type 1 is a form of diabetes mellitus that results from autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. The subsequent lack of insulin leads to increased blood and urine glucose...

. Interesting, the two effects appear to be in opposite directions, with the allele marking susceptibility to ALL

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a form of leukemia, or cancer of the white blood cells characterized by excess lymphoblasts.Malignant, immature white blood cells continuously multiply and are overproduced in the bone marrow. ALL causes damage and death by crowding out normal cells in the bone...

 protecting from T1D

Diabetes mellitus type 1

Diabetes mellitus type 1 is a form of diabetes mellitus that results from autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. The subsequent lack of insulin leads to increased blood and urine glucose...

 and vice versa.

Interactions

IKZF1 has been shown to interact

Protein-protein interaction

Protein–protein interactions occur when two or more proteins bind together, often to carry out their biological function. Many of the most important molecular processes in the cell such as DNA replication are carried out by large molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein...

 with IKZF2

IKZF2

Zinc finger protein Helios is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IKZF2 gene....

 , IKZF3

IKZF3

Zinc finger protein Aiolos also known as Ikaros family zinc finger protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IKZF3 gene.- Function :This gene encodes a member of the Ikaros family of zinc-finger proteins...

, IKZF4

IKZF4

Zinc finger protein Eos is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IKZF4 gene.-Interactions:IKZF4 has been shown to interact with CTBP1 and IKZF1.-Further reading:...

, Histone deacetylase 5

Histone deacetylase 5

Histone deacetylase 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC5 gene.-Interactions:Histone deacetylase 5 has been shown to interact with Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 16, BCL6, CBX5, YWHAQ, Myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2A, Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1, IKZF1,...

, HDAC1

HDAC1

Histone deacetylase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC1 gene.-Interactions:HDAC1 has been shown to interact with RAD9A, DNMT3L, MTA1, FKBP3, CDC20, CDH1, Host cell factor C1, BUB3, Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2, IKZF1, Prohibitin, EVI1, DDX5, DNMT3A, Mothers against...

, HDAC7A

HDAC7A

Histone deacetylase 7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC7 gene.-Interactions:HDAC7A has been shown to interact with Endothelin receptor type A, HDAC3, HTATIP, BCL6, Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1 and IKZF1.-Further reading:...

, SIN3B

SIN3B

Paired amphipathic helix protein Sin3b is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SIN3B gene.-Interactions:SIN3B has been shown to interact with HDAC1, Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 16, SUDS3 and IKZF1.-Further reading:...

, SIN3A

SIN3A

Paired amphipathic helix protein Sin3a is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SIN3A gene.-Interactions:SIN3A has been shown to interact with HDAC9, OGT, RBBP7, RBBP4, Host cell factor C1, MXD1, IKZF1, Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2, SAP130, KLF11, Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2, HDAC1,...

, and CTBP1

CTBP1

C-terminal-binding protein 1 also known as CtBP1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTBP1 gene.- Function :The CtBP1 protein binds to the C-terminus of adenovirus E1A proteins. This phosphoprotein is a transcriptional repressor and may play a role during cellular proliferation...

.