Harald Schultz-Hencke
Encyclopedia
Harald Schultz-Hencke was a German psychiatrist and psychotherapist. After an initial introduction to psychoanalysis, with Sandor Rado
as psychoanalyst, he was excluded from the German Society of Psychoanalysis because of, among other things, his divergent views on sexuality.
In 1933, like several non-Jewish psychotherapists (Felix Boehm, Carl Mueller-Braunschweig and Werner Kemper) he helped set up the "Goering Institute" (Matthias Göring
), which was closely linked to the Nazi regime and promoted a “New German soul medicine,” a psychotherapy for the Germanborn. After the war, his participation in this institute created controversy in professional circles such as the International Psychoanalytical Association.
With other psychotherapists and analysts who had left or had been excluded from other psychoanalytic organizations, he started the DPV (Deutsche Psychoanalytische Vereinigung). After numerous debates regarding whether or not these analysts should join the International Psychoanalytical Association, Schultz-Hencke, who had long been in disagreement with the basic tenets of Freudian theory, created “Neopsychanalyse
.”
“Neopsychanalyse” or neopsychoanalysis is a psychotherapeutic technique thus named by Harald Schultz-Hencke.
In one of his books, Dr. Schultz-Hencke had asserted that all psychotherapy should be submitted to the Leibnizian principle that "all science must be expressed in mathematical terms.” This implies that even a young science must strive towards this goal. In this perspective, Schultz-Hencke analyzed all Freudian concepts and eliminated all those that do not respond to this precept, or that, according to him, could never respond to it, such as infantile sexuality, etc.
So, in a way, the dualistic view of Freudian psychoanalysis is challenged in favor of a monistic view (and thus do not include notions of conflict between psychic entities, etc..). Schultz-Hencke also wanted to subject the concept named Oedipus complex to statistical studies. To some extent, this criticism joined that of Karl Popper
and other more modern scientists who, before anything else, advocated quantitative analysis and, thus, statistics.
The treatment technique advocated by Schultz-Hencke was subsequently developed by Helmut Bach, among others, who progressively demarcated the ideas of its founder to create a "psychoanalysis" within the limits of practices imposed by the IPA; psychotherapists such as Franz Alexander
, Karen Horney
, René Laforgue and Erich Fromm
have contributed significantly to this endeavor.
Sandor Rado
Sándor Radó was a distinguished Hungarian psychoanalyst of the second generation, who moved to United States of America in the thirties....
as psychoanalyst, he was excluded from the German Society of Psychoanalysis because of, among other things, his divergent views on sexuality.
In 1933, like several non-Jewish psychotherapists (Felix Boehm, Carl Mueller-Braunschweig and Werner Kemper) he helped set up the "Goering Institute" (Matthias Göring
Matthias Göring
Matthias Heinrich Göring was a German psychiatrist, born in Düsseldorf. He died in prison in Poznan because he was an active Nazi.He start his studies with a doctorate in law, and a doctorate in medicine at Bonn in 1907...
), which was closely linked to the Nazi regime and promoted a “New German soul medicine,” a psychotherapy for the Germanborn. After the war, his participation in this institute created controversy in professional circles such as the International Psychoanalytical Association.
With other psychotherapists and analysts who had left or had been excluded from other psychoanalytic organizations, he started the DPV (Deutsche Psychoanalytische Vereinigung). After numerous debates regarding whether or not these analysts should join the International Psychoanalytical Association, Schultz-Hencke, who had long been in disagreement with the basic tenets of Freudian theory, created “Neopsychanalyse
Neo-Freudian
The Neo-Freudian psychiatrists and psychologists were a group of loosely linked American theorists of the mid-twentieth century, who were all influenced by Sigmund Freud, but who extended his theories, often in social or cultural directions...
.”
“Neopsychanalyse” or neopsychoanalysis is a psychotherapeutic technique thus named by Harald Schultz-Hencke.
In one of his books, Dr. Schultz-Hencke had asserted that all psychotherapy should be submitted to the Leibnizian principle that "all science must be expressed in mathematical terms.” This implies that even a young science must strive towards this goal. In this perspective, Schultz-Hencke analyzed all Freudian concepts and eliminated all those that do not respond to this precept, or that, according to him, could never respond to it, such as infantile sexuality, etc.
So, in a way, the dualistic view of Freudian psychoanalysis is challenged in favor of a monistic view (and thus do not include notions of conflict between psychic entities, etc..). Schultz-Hencke also wanted to subject the concept named Oedipus complex to statistical studies. To some extent, this criticism joined that of Karl Popper
Karl Popper
Sir Karl Raimund Popper, CH FRS FBA was an Austro-British philosopher and a professor at the London School of Economics...
and other more modern scientists who, before anything else, advocated quantitative analysis and, thus, statistics.
The treatment technique advocated by Schultz-Hencke was subsequently developed by Helmut Bach, among others, who progressively demarcated the ideas of its founder to create a "psychoanalysis" within the limits of practices imposed by the IPA; psychotherapists such as Franz Alexander
Franz Alexander
Franz Gabriel Alexander was a Hungarian-American psychoanalyst and physician, who is considered one of the founders of psychosomatic medicine and psychoanalytic criminology.- Life :...
, Karen Horney
Karen Horney
Karen Horney born Danielsen was a German-American psychoanalyst. Her theories questioned some traditional Freudian views, particularly his theory of sexuality, as well as the instinct orientation of psychoanalysis and its genetic psychology...
, René Laforgue and Erich Fromm
Erich Fromm
Erich Seligmann Fromm was a Jewish German-American social psychologist, psychoanalyst, sociologist, humanistic philosopher, and democratic socialist. He was associated with what became known as the Frankfurt School of critical theory.-Life:Erich Fromm was born on March 23, 1900, at Frankfurt am...
have contributed significantly to this endeavor.
Publications (selected)
- 1917: Der Einfluß des militärischen Kriegsdienstes auf die progressive Paralyse. - Freiburg i. B. : Speyer & Kaerner
- 1920: Der Sinn unserer Zeit und die freien Volkshochschulen als Vorkämpfer neuen Bildungswesens : Grundsätzliches z. Revolutionierung von Schule u. Unterricht, Berlin-Wilmersdorf: Volkshaus-Verlag
- 1927: Einführung in die Psychoanalyse; Jena: G. Fischer
- 1931: Schicksal und Neurose : Versuch e. Neurosenlehre vom Bewusstsein her, Jena: Fischer
- 1940: Der gehemmte Mensch : Entwurf eines Lehrbuches der Neo-Psychoanalyse, Stuttgart: Thieme, 6. unveränd. Auflage, Stuttgart 1989, ISBN 3-13-401806-3
- 1949: Lehrbuch der Traumanalyse. Stuttgart: G. Thieme
Sources
- Alain de MijollaAlain de MijollaAlain de Mijolla is a French psychoanalyst and psychiatrist. Mijolla was analyzed by Conrad Stein and Denise Brauschweig. He became a psychoanalyst in the Societe Psychoanalytique de Paris in 1968...
: International Dictionary of Psychoanalysis 3 vol., Macmillan Reference Books, ISBN 0-02-865924-4 - Cocks, Geoffrey. (1985). Psychotherapy in the Third Reich: The Göring Institute (2nd ed). New York: Oxford University Press