Habib Mangal
Encyclopedia
Habib Mangal is a citizen of Afghanistan
who was a candidate in Afghanistan's 2009 Presidential elections.
According to a profile in the Pajhwok Afghan News
his secondary edcuation was at the Rahman Baba Higher Secondary School, and his medical education was at Kabul Medical University
.
The profile doesn't state where or when he earned his doctorate in Social Science.
.
(PDPA) in 1964, when he was 18 years old.
According to his profile in the Pajhwok Afghan News he worked as an activist for the party from 1964 to 1981.
He helped found the Students' Movement at Kabul University
in 1972 and 1973. He was imprisoned for his student union activities.
He was imprisoned again in 1977-1978.
The Pajhwok Afghan News profile attributed this second imprisonment to "political reasons", and to "intra-party differences".
In 1979 he became a member of the PDPA's Central Committee.
From 1980 to 1986 Mangal held senior diplomatic posts.
In 1986 he participated in a Constitutional Loya Jirga
as a representative of Paktia.
From 1987 to 1991 he represented Paktia in the Wolesi Jirga, the upper house of Afghanistan's National Legistlature.
When the DPPA's administration of Afghanistan fell in 1992 he traveled to The Netherlands, where he remained until 2009.
According to his Pajhwok Afghan News profile, he was active in the Afghan expatriate community in the Netherlands.
and non-resident ambassador to Finland
, Romania
and Cyprus
, from 1980 to 1986.
The administration of Dr. Najibullah he served had asked for military aid, to fight internal opposition, from the Soviet Union in 1979, and has been described as puppet government.
He won 7,339 votes.
Afghanistan
Afghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
who was a candidate in Afghanistan's 2009 Presidential elections.
Academic career
Mangal is a medical doctor, who also has a doctorate in Social Sciences.According to a profile in the Pajhwok Afghan News
Pajhwok Afghan News
Pajhwok Afghan News is a news agency established in March 2004 in Kabul, Afghanistan by the Institute for War and Peace Reporting. It is Afghanistan's largest independent news service, providing broad-based coverage of news in English, Pashto and Dari...
his secondary edcuation was at the Rahman Baba Higher Secondary School, and his medical education was at Kabul Medical University
Kabul Medical University
Kabul Medical University is located in Kabul, Afghanistan on the campus of Kabul University. The medical institution was initially maintained by collaboration with the Turkish and French sponsors. KMF developed into a single autonomous University in 2005...
.
The profile doesn't state where or when he earned his doctorate in Social Science.
Medical career
In 1977 and 1978 he worked as a doctor in Khost Hospital. He was subseuqently the Public Health Director in Samangan ProvinceSamangan Province
Samangan is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan. The province covers and has a population of approximately 313,211, as of 2006.Its capital, Samangan, is known for its ancient ruins including, notably, the Takht e Rostam...
.
Political career
He joined the People's Democratic Party of AfghanistanPeople's Democratic Party of Afghanistan
The People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan was a communist party established on the 1 January 1965. While a minority, the party helped former president of Afghanistan, Mohammed Daoud Khan, to overthrow his cousin, Mohammed Zahir Shah, and established Daoud's Republic of Afghanistan...
(PDPA) in 1964, when he was 18 years old.
According to his profile in the Pajhwok Afghan News he worked as an activist for the party from 1964 to 1981.
He helped found the Students' Movement at Kabul University
Kabul University
Kabul University is located in Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan. It was founded in 1931 but officially opened for classes in 1932. Kabul University is currently attended by approximately 7,000 students, of which 1,700 are women. As of 2008, Hamidullah Amin is the chancellor of the university...
in 1972 and 1973. He was imprisoned for his student union activities.
He was imprisoned again in 1977-1978.
The Pajhwok Afghan News profile attributed this second imprisonment to "political reasons", and to "intra-party differences".
In 1979 he became a member of the PDPA's Central Committee.
From 1980 to 1986 Mangal held senior diplomatic posts.
In 1986 he participated in a Constitutional Loya Jirga
Loya jirga
A loya jirga is a type of jirga regarded as "grand assembly," a phrase in the Pashto language meaning "grand council." A loya jirga is a mass meeting usually prepared for major events such as choosing a new king, adopting a constitution, or discussing important national political or emergency...
as a representative of Paktia.
From 1987 to 1991 he represented Paktia in the Wolesi Jirga, the upper house of Afghanistan's National Legistlature.
When the DPPA's administration of Afghanistan fell in 1992 he traveled to The Netherlands, where he remained until 2009.
According to his Pajhwok Afghan News profile, he was active in the Afghan expatriate community in the Netherlands.
Diplomatic career
According to his Pajhwok Afghan News profile, he was Afghanistan's ambassador to the Soviet UnionSoviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
and non-resident ambassador to Finland
Finland
Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...
, Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
and Cyprus
Cyprus
Cyprus , officially the Republic of Cyprus , is a Eurasian island country, member of the European Union, in the Eastern Mediterranean, east of Greece, south of Turkey, west of Syria and north of Egypt. It is the third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.The earliest known human activity on the...
, from 1980 to 1986.
The administration of Dr. Najibullah he served had asked for military aid, to fight internal opposition, from the Soviet Union in 1979, and has been described as puppet government.
Presidential candidacy, 2009
During the 2009 Presidential elections he stood 10th in a field of 38.He won 7,339 votes.