Guarulhos International Airport
Encyclopedia
São Paulo/Guarulhos – Governador André Franco Montoro International Airport , formerly called Cumbica Airport after the district where it is located and the Air Force Base that still exists at the airport complex, is the main airport serving São Paulo
São Paulo
São Paulo is the largest city in Brazil, the largest city in the southern hemisphere and South America, and the world's seventh largest city by population. The metropolis is anchor to the São Paulo metropolitan area, ranked as the second-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas and among...

, Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...

. It is located in the adjoining municipality of Guarulhos
Guarulhos
Guarulhos is the second largest city in the Brazilian state of São Paulo and a suburb of São Paulo city itself. In the last few years it has outgrown Campinas. The population in 2006 is 1,283,253, the density is 4,035.26 inh./km² and the area is 318 km²...

 in Greater São Paulo
Greater São Paulo
The Greater São Paulo is a nonspecific term for one of the multiple definitions the large metropolitan area located in the São Paulo state in Brazil.-Definitions:-Metropolitan Area:...

. Since November 28, 2001 the airport is named after André Franco Montoro
André Franco Montoro
André Franco Montoro was a Brazilian politician and lawyer. He was born in São Paulo as the son of André de Blois Montoro and Tomásia Alijostes. He was a senator and governor of São Paulo. He was a member of several parties, such as PDC, MDB, Party of Brazilian Democratic Movement and one of the...

 (1916-1999), former Governor of São Paulo
São Paulo (state)
São Paulo is a state in Brazil. It is the major industrial and economic powerhouse of the Brazilian economy. Named after Saint Paul, São Paulo has the largest population, industrial complex, and economic production in the country. It is the richest state in Brazil...

.

In 2010, the airport was ranked 1st in terms of transported passengers, aircraft operations, and cargo handled in Brazil, placing it amongst the busiest airports in the country. However, Guarulhos was also rated third place in most flight delays among major world airports by Forbes
Forbes
Forbes is an American publishing and media company. Its flagship publication, the Forbes magazine, is published biweekly. Its primary competitors in the national business magazine category are Fortune, which is also published biweekly, and Business Week...

 magazine in January 2008, and in 2011, according to the National Civil Aviation Agency of Brazil
National Civil Aviation Agency of Brazil
The National Civil Aviation Agency , also known as ANAC, is the Brazilian civil aviation authority, created in 2006...

, 25% of the flights left with delays greater than 15 minutes. Guarulhos has slot restrictions operating with a maximum of 45 operations/hour, being one of the three airports with such restrictions in Brazil.

It is operated by Infraero
Infraero
Empresa Brasileira de Infraestrutura Aeroportuária, Infraero in short, is a Brazilian government corporation created in 1972 and responsible for operating the main Brazilian commercial airports. In 2009, Infraero's airports carried 128,135,616 passengers and 1,114,754 tons of cargo and operated...

 and some of its facilities are shared with the São Paulo Air Force Base of the Brazilian Air Force
Brazilian Air Force
The Brazilian Air Force is the air branch of the Brazilian Armed Forces and one of the three national uniformed services. The FAB was formed when the Army and Navy air branch were merged into a single military force initially called "National Air Forces"...

.

History

On June 6, 1967, in response the growth of the air traffic in Brazil, the Brazilian military government initiated studies concerning the renovation of the airport infrastructure in Brazil. As part of the conclusions of these studies, because of their location, strategic importance, and security issues, new passenger facilities would be constructed in the areas of Galeão Air Force Base
Galeão Air Force Base
Galeão Air Force Base – BAGL is a base of the Brazilian Air Force located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is named after Praia do Galeão , located in front of the original passenger terminal of the airport and presently the passenger terminal of the Brazilian Air Force...

 in Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro , commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, boasting approximately 6.3 million people within the city proper, making it the 6th...

 and São Paulo Air Force Base in São Paulo
São Paulo
São Paulo is the largest city in Brazil, the largest city in the southern hemisphere and South America, and the world's seventh largest city by population. The metropolis is anchor to the São Paulo metropolitan area, ranked as the second-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas and among...

.

In relation to São Paulo, the initial planning of the airport involved 3 runways and 4 passenger terminals. However, the first phase of the construction comprising two runways and two terminals started only on August 11, 1980. The airport was officially inaugurated on January 20, 1985. Quickly Guarulhos became the city's primary airport supplanting São Paulo-Congonhas Airport.

In 1989 the runways were extended and the terminals renovated, enlarged, and had their capacity increased from 7.5 million to 8.25 million passengers/year. The whole complex has 3,425 acres (14 km²), of which 5 km² is urbanized area.

Since 2001 the construction of terminal 3, capable of handling 12 million passengers/year has been planned but due to a myriad of political and economic problems, only in 2011 the actual construction began.

In 2010, the airport served more than 26.8 million passengers, an increase of 24% over 2009 and passenger volumes were 31% in excess of its capacity rated at 20.5 million per year at its present configuration.

In order to relieve the acute overcrowding at Terminals 1 and 2, Infraero announced on May 17, 2011 that the former cargo terminals of defunct airlines VASP
VASP
Viação Aérea São Paulo S/A, or VASP, was an airline with its head office in the VASP Building on the grounds of Congonhas-São Paulo Airport in São Paulo, Brazil...

 and Transbrasil
Transbrasil
TransBrasil is a defunct Brazilian airline which ceased operations in December 2001. During most of its history, Transbrasil was owned by local entrepeneur Omar Fontana. Its aircraft usually featured a colorful livery, remarkably with a rainbow on the tail fin. Transbrasil base was Brasilia...

, later used by Federal Agencies, were to undergo renovations and adaptations for use as domestic-only passenger terminals with remote-only positions. The new terminal will be called Remote Terminal 3 (RT3). The first phase of the renovations, comprising the former VASP terminal, will open on December 20, 2011, and the second phase, comprising the former Transbrasil terminal, will open by December 2012. Contrary to the announced before, RT3 will be of permanent use. It has been suggested that Gol Airlines
Gol Transportes Aéreos
Gol Transportes Aéreos is a Brazilian airline based in Comandante Lineu Gomes Square, São Paulo City, Brazil....

 and perhaps Webjet
WebJet Linhas Aéreas
WebJet Linhas Aéreas S.A. is a lowcost Brazilian airline, based in Rio de Janeiro. It was owned by CVC, the largest travel company in Brazil, but was acquired in July 2011 by Gol Transportes Aéreos...

 would move to the new facility but this has not been confirmed by the airlines. The new terminal, in its first phase, will increase the capacity of the airport in 5.5 million passengers/year and, in the second phase to 8 million passengers/year. In total, Guarulhos will then be able to handle 28.5 passengers/year.

On April 26, 2011 it was confirmed that in order to accelerate much needed renovation and upgrade works, private companies will be offered partial ownership of some Infraero airports, including Guarulhos. The plan was confirmed on May 31, 2011 and it was added that Infraero will retain 49% of each privatized airport and that negotiations are expected to be concluded in the first half of 2012.

The Tropic of Capricorn
Tropic of Capricorn
The Tropic of Capricorn, or Southern tropic, marks the most southerly latitude on the Earth at which the Sun can be directly overhead. This event occurs at the December solstice, when the southern hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun to its maximum extent.Tropic of Capricorn is one of the five...

 passes directly through the southern tip of the airport.

Statistics

Year 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003
> 26,849,185 21,727,649 20,997,813 19,560,963 16,580,842 16,855,026 12,940,193 12,552,268
Cargo (t) 384,587 351,788 425,884 424,157 419,848 470,944 435,594 416,927

Passenger


a. Airline operating regular and charter flights.

Scheduled cargo

Accidents and incidents

  • 28 January 1986: a VASP
    VASP
    Viação Aérea São Paulo S/A, or VASP, was an airline with its head office in the VASP Building on the grounds of Congonhas-São Paulo Airport in São Paulo, Brazil...

     Boeing 737-2A1
    Boeing 737
    The Boeing 737 is a short- to medium-range, twin-engine narrow-body jet airliner. Originally developed as a shorter, lower-cost twin-engine airliner derived from Boeing's 707 and 727, the 737 has developed into a family of nine passenger models with a capacity of 85 to 215 passengers...

     registration PP-SME flying from Guarulhos to Belo Horizonte
    Belo Horizonte
    Belo Horizonte is the capital of and largest city in the state of Minas Gerais, located in the southeastern region of Brazil. It is the third largest metropolitan area in the country...

     unknowingly tried to take-off from Guarulhos under foggy conditions from a taxiway. The take-off was aborted, but the aircraft overran, collided with a dyke and broke in two. One passenger died.
  • 21 March 1989: a Transbrasil
    Transbrasil
    TransBrasil is a defunct Brazilian airline which ceased operations in December 2001. During most of its history, Transbrasil was owned by local entrepeneur Omar Fontana. Its aircraft usually featured a colorful livery, remarkably with a rainbow on the tail fin. Transbrasil base was Brasilia...

     cargo Boeing 707-349C
    Boeing 707
    The Boeing 707 is a four-engine narrow-body commercial passenger jet airliner developed by Boeing in the early 1950s. Its name is most commonly pronounced as "Seven Oh Seven". The first airline to operate the 707 was Pan American World Airways, inaugurating the type's first commercial flight on...

     registration PT-TCS operating flight 801, flying from Manaus
    Eduardo Gomes International Airport
    Brigadeiro Eduardo Gomes-Manaus International Airport , is the main airport serving Manaus, Brazil. It is named after the Brazilian politician and military figure Air Marshall Eduardo Gomes ....

     to São Paulo-Guarulhos, crashed at the district of Vila Barros in Guarulhos, shortly before touch-down at runway 09R. That day, at 12:00 the runway was going to be closed for maintenance and the crew decided to speed up procedures to touch-down before closure (it was already 11:54). In a hurry, one of the crew members, by mistake, activated the air-dynamic brakes and the aircraft lost too much speed to have enough aerodynamic support (Stall). As a consequence the aircraft crashed at approximately 2 km from the airport. There were 25 fatalities which of these three were crew members and 22 were civilians on the accident site. As well as the 22 fatalities, there were also over 100 injured on the ground.
  • 14 September 2002: a Total Linhas Aéreas
    Total Linhas Aereas
    Total Linhas Aéreas is an airline based in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. It operates regional passenger and cargo charter and air taxi services, as well as night mail flights on behalf of the Brazilian post.-History:...

     ATR42-312
    ATR 42
    -Civil operators:The largest operators of the ATR-42 are FedEx Express, Airlinair, TRIP Linhas Aéreas,and Mexico City-based Aeromar respectively. Number of aircraft as of 2010:Some 70 other airlines operate smaller numbers of the type....

     registration PT-MTS on a cargo flight between São Paulo-Guarulhos and Londrina
    Londrina Airport
    Londrina – Gov. José Richa Airport is the airport serving Londrina, Brazil. It is named after José Richa , former Mayor of Londrina and Governor of Paraná.It is operated by Infraero.-History:...

     crashed while en route near Paranapanema
    Paranapanema
    Paranapanema is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2004 is 16,902 and the area is 1022.2 km². The elevation is 610 m. This place name comes from the Tupi language....

    . The crew of 2 died.

Access

The airport is located 25 km (16 mi) from downtown São Paulo
Central Zone of São Paulo
- Key points :-Avenue and Streets:*Prestes Maia Avenue*Tiradentes Avenue*Brigadeiro Luís Antônio Avenue*Liberdade Avenue*Estado Avenue*São João Avenue*Ipiranga Avenue*Rio Branco Avenue*Vinte e Três de Maio Avenue*9 de Julho Avenue...

.

Car

The airport has its own highway system: Rodovia Hélio Smidt Highway which connects the airport to Presidente Dutra Highway
Rodovia Presidente Dutra
The Rodovia Presidente Dutra, , colloquially known as Via Dutra is a federal highway which runs through the eastern part of the state of São Paulo and southwestern region of the state Rio de Janeiro...

 or Ayrton Senna Highway
Rodovia Ayrton Senna
Rodovia Ayrton Senna da Silva , is a highway in the state of São Paulo, Brazil....

. Residents of Guarulhos
Guarulhos
Guarulhos is the second largest city in the Brazilian state of São Paulo and a suburb of São Paulo city itself. In the last few years it has outgrown Campinas. The population in 2006 is 1,283,253, the density is 4,035.26 inh./km² and the area is 318 km²...

 can access the road via Monteiro Lobato Avenue.

Bus

Bus transportation is available through the Airport Bus Service, an executive bus line, administered by EMTU
Empresa Metropolitana de Transportes Urbanos de São Paulo
The Empresa Metropolitana de Transportes Urbanos de São Paulo, or EMTU, is a company owned by the Secretaria de Estado dos Transportes Metropolitanos...

 and operated by Consórcio Internorte - Área 3. This service provides transportation between Guarulhos and Congonhas airports, via Tietê Bus Terminal
Tietê Bus Terminal
The Tietê Bus Terminal is the largest bus terminal in Latin America, and the second largest in the world, after the Port Authority Bus Terminal in New York City. The terminal is located in the Santana district in the city of São Paulo, Brazil...

, Palmeiras-Barra Funda Intermodal Terminal
Palmeiras-Barra Funda Intermodal Terminal
Palmeiras-Barra Funda Intermodal Terminal is the second largest intermodal transportation hub in São Paulo, Brazil. The terminal has access to the São Paulo Metro, CPTM commuter rail, and numerous bus lines.- Locations served :Domestic destinations...

, Itaim Bibi, Praça da República, Tatuapé subway station
Tatuapé (São Paulo Metro)
Tatuapé is a station on Line 3 of the São Paulo Metro.-CPTM Transfer:Passengers may transfer from here to, Line 11 , and Line 12 of the CPTM commuter train.-SPTrans Lines:...

 and the circuit of hotels along Paulista Avenue and Rua Augusta. The ride takes about one hour, depending on traffic. At Guarulhos Airport, tickets can be purchased at the counter located along the road connecting Terminals 1 and 2. If picking up the bus from a location not serviced by a counter, passage can be paid to the driver upon boarding. One-way fare as of December 2011 is around R$30.

Pássaro Marron/EMTU, a syndicate of the Internorte Consortium, offers two regular bus lines, 257 and 299, connecting Tatuapé subway station
Tatuapé (São Paulo Metro)
Tatuapé is a station on Line 3 of the São Paulo Metro.-CPTM Transfer:Passengers may transfer from here to, Line 11 , and Line 12 of the CPTM commuter train.-SPTrans Lines:...

 (Linha Vermelha) with Guarulhos Airport every 30 minutes. It is usually worth your while to wait for the faster 257. At Tatuapé, both buses can be picked up on the street level: turn left (toward Terminal Norte) after passing through the Metrô turnstile, continue along the overpass, and then head down the first stairway on the left. At the airport, the stop for both buses is on the median of the Arrivals-level road connecting Terminals 1 and 2. As of December 1, 2011, one-way fare on either bus costs R$4.05 and can be paid to the driver in cash upon boarding. Ticket counters for this service can be found at the Arrivals areas of both Terminals 1 and 2.

Gol Airlines
Gol Transportes Aéreos
Gol Transportes Aéreos is a Brazilian airline based in Comandante Lineu Gomes Square, São Paulo City, Brazil....

 and TAM Airlines offer for their passengers free bus transfers between Guarulhos and Congonhas airports at regular times.

Viação Cometa offers daily departures to and from the airport and the cities of Santos, São Vicente
São Vicente, São Paulo
São Vicente is a coastal city of southern São Paulo, Brazil. Its estimated population in 2006 was 329,370 inhabitants.It was the first Portuguese permanent settlement in the Americas and the first capital of the Captaincy of São Vicente, now the state of São Paulo...

, and Praia Grande
Praia Grande
Praia Grande is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil.-Population history:- History :Although the political emancipation is recent, the area covered today by the municipality of Praia Grande was one of the first areas colonized by the Portuguese, which began with the arrival of Martim...

.

Caprioli Turismo operates buses between the airport to the city of Campinas
Campinas
Campinas is a city and municipality located in the coastal interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. is the administrative center of the meso-region of the same name, with 3,783,597 inhabitants as of the 2010 Census, consisting of 49 cities....

 daily.

Pássaro Marron offers bus service to São José dos Campos
São José dos Campos
São José dos Campos is a municipality and a major city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil and one of the most important industrial and research centers in Latin America. It is located in the Paraíba Valley, between the two most active production and consumption regions in the country, São Paulo ...

 with departures every two hours.

Viação Transdutra offers a line connecting the city of Arujá
Arujá
Arujá is a city in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2006 was 75,122. The area is 97.7 km².Its boundaries are Santa Isabel the north and the northeast, Mogi das Cruzes in the southeast, Itaquaquecetuba in the south and Guarulhos to the west and the northwest.-External links:*...

 directly to the airport.

Taxi

Taxi stands are located outside each of the two terminals on the Arrivals level. It is recommended that travelers use one of the airport taxi companies operated by Guarucoop, a cooperative of taxi drivers servicing Guarulhos Airport. Credit cards are accepted at the Guarucoop stand. As of December 2011, a ride to Avenida Paulista costs around R$100.

São Paulo Airport Transfers offers transfer services for passengers requiring meet & greet and higher quality vehicles.

Transfer times to popular destinations such as Jardins and Avenida Paulista can take up to two hours during peak traffic, or about 45 minutes in early morning or late evening.

Future developments

On 31 August 2009, Infraero
Infraero
Empresa Brasileira de Infraestrutura Aeroportuária, Infraero in short, is a Brazilian government corporation created in 1972 and responsible for operating the main Brazilian commercial airports. In 2009, Infraero's airports carried 128,135,616 passengers and 1,114,754 tons of cargo and operated...

 unveiled a BRL
Brazilian real
The real is the present-day currency of Brazil. Its sign is R$ and its ISO code is BRL. It is subdivided into 100 centavos ....

1,489.5 million (USD
United States dollar
The United States dollar , also referred to as the American dollar, is the official currency of the United States of America. It is divided into 100 smaller units called cents or pennies....

784.7 million; EUR
Euro
The euro is the official currency of the eurozone: 17 of the 27 member states of the European Union. It is also the currency used by the Institutions of the European Union. The eurozone consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,...

549.8 million) investment plan to upgrade Guarulhos International Airport, focusing on preparations for the 2014 FIFA World Cup
2014 FIFA World Cup
The 2014 FIFA World Cup will be the 20th FIFA World Cup, an international association football tournament that will take place in Brazil from 12 June to 13 July 2014....

 which will be held in Brazil, São Paulo being one of the venue cities. The investment will be distributed as follows:
  • Construction of further taxiways. Value 19M. Completion: April 2011 (work not yet completed in August 2011).
  • Enlargement of apron and taxiways. Value 370.5M. Completion: July 2011 (work not yet completed in August 2011).
  • Construction of passenger Terminal 3. Value 1,100M. Completion: March 2014.


Central to this investment plan is Terminal 3, which is projected to add 12 million passenger capacity to the 17 million of the existing two terminals. Plans for a third runway were pronounced to be "technically impracticable" and were cancelled in January 2008.

A train service development and construction has also been given high priority. This include an Airport Express Line
Line 14 (CPTM)
Line 14 is a planned line of the Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos commuter rail system in São Paulo, Brazil which will connect the São Paulo-Guarulhos International Airport to Luz Station. The line is planned to have an average interval of six minutes between each station.-External links:...

 linking the airport to downtown São Paulo and a Rio–São Paulo high-speed rail
Rio–São Paulo High-speed rail
Rio–São Paulo high-speed rail is a planned high-speed rail project to connect Brazil's two largest cities: São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. While originally planned to be operational by 2014, in time for the 20th FIFA World Cup to be held in Brazil, at a cost of $9 billion, as of February 2010...

 connecting Guarulhos to Rio de Janeiro-Galeão and Campinas-Viracopos airports.

External links


Gallery

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