Gogugwon of Goguryeo
Encyclopedia
King Gogugwon of Goguryeo (?-371, r. 331-371) was the 16th king of Goguryeo
, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea
. He was the son of King Micheon
and Lady Ju. He's birth name is Sa-Yu. He was made crown prince in 314 and became king upon his father's death. He was called Emperor Soyeol (Soyeol-je, 소열제, 昭烈帝) in the Chinese history text Suishu, but this appears to be a mistaken transcription of the earlier Weishu.Because, at the same time, Tuoba Yihuai
was the Lie Emperor (烈帝)of Dai State
.
He ruled at a time when the kingdom was quite weak, and had an ill-fated reign. He sent tribute to the Xianbei
state of Former Yan
after they invaded the capital in 342 and held the queen and royal concubines captive, in order to secure the return the corpse of King Micheon.
The capital was temporarily moved to Pyongyang
, present-day capital of North Korea
. In response to the expansion of the southern Korean kingdom Baekje
, Gogugwon led an unsuccessful attack in 369. Baekje's king Geunchogo
invaded in 371 and Geunchogo's son Geungusu
killed Gogugwon in battle at Pyongyang
Castle. He was buried in Gogugwon.
Goguryeo
Goguryeo or Koguryŏ was an ancient Korean kingdom located in present day northern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula, southern Manchuria, and southern Russian Maritime province....
, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea
Three Kingdoms of Korea
The Three Kingdoms of Korea refer to the ancient Korean kingdoms of Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla, which dominated the Korean peninsula and parts of Manchuria for much of the 1st millennium...
. He was the son of King Micheon
Micheon of Goguryeo
King Micheon of Goguryeo was the 15th ruler of Goguryeo, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea.- Background and Rise to the throne :...
and Lady Ju. He's birth name is Sa-Yu. He was made crown prince in 314 and became king upon his father's death. He was called Emperor Soyeol (Soyeol-je, 소열제, 昭烈帝) in the Chinese history text Suishu, but this appears to be a mistaken transcription of the earlier Weishu.Because, at the same time, Tuoba Yihuai
Tuoba Yihuai
Tuoba Yihuai ruled as prince of the Tuoba Dai 329–335 and 337–338. He was the son of Tuoba Yulü and the nephew of Tuoba Gena.When Tuoba Gena was in his first reign as the Prince of Dai, Tuoba Yihuai lived with his maternal uncle's father Helan Aitou of the Helan tribe.-References:...
was the Lie Emperor (烈帝)of Dai State
State of Dai
Dai was a state of the Xianbei clan of Tuoba, during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China. It existed from 310 to 376 AD, with its capital at Shengle ....
.
He ruled at a time when the kingdom was quite weak, and had an ill-fated reign. He sent tribute to the Xianbei
Xianbei
The Xianbei were a significant Mongolic nomadic people residing in Manchuria, Inner Mongolia and eastern Mongolia. The title “Khan” was first used among the Xianbei.-Origins:...
state of Former Yan
Former Yan
The Former Yan was a state of Xianbei ethnicity during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China.Initially, Murong Huang and his son Murong Jun claimed the Jin Dynasty -created title "Prince of Yan," but subsequently, in 352, after seizing most of the former Later Zhao territory, Murong Juan would...
after they invaded the capital in 342 and held the queen and royal concubines captive, in order to secure the return the corpse of King Micheon.
The capital was temporarily moved to Pyongyang
Pyongyang
Pyongyang is the capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, commonly known as North Korea, and the largest city in the country. Pyongyang is located on the Taedong River and, according to preliminary results from the 2008 population census, has a population of 3,255,388. The city was...
, present-day capital of North Korea
North Korea
The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea , , is a country in East Asia, occupying the northern half of the Korean Peninsula. Its capital and largest city is Pyongyang. The Korean Demilitarized Zone serves as the buffer zone between North Korea and South Korea...
. In response to the expansion of the southern Korean kingdom Baekje
Baekje
Baekje or Paekche was a kingdom located in southwest Korea. It was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, together with Goguryeo and Silla....
, Gogugwon led an unsuccessful attack in 369. Baekje's king Geunchogo
Geunchogo of Baekje
Geunchogo of Baekje was the 13th king of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He reigned over the apex of Baekje's powers.-Background:...
invaded in 371 and Geunchogo's son Geungusu
Geungusu of Baekje
Geungusu of Baekje was the 14th king of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. Geungusu was the eldest son of the 13th king Geunchogo, and father to the 15th king Chimnyu and the 16th king Jinsa.- Background and rise to the throne :...
killed Gogugwon in battle at Pyongyang
Pyongyang
Pyongyang is the capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, commonly known as North Korea, and the largest city in the country. Pyongyang is located on the Taedong River and, according to preliminary results from the 2008 population census, has a population of 3,255,388. The city was...
Castle. He was buried in Gogugwon.
See also
- List of Korea-related topics
- History of KoreaHistory of KoreaThe Korean Peninsula was inhabited from the Lower Paleolithic about 400,000-500,000 years ago. Archeological evidence indicates that the presence of modern humans in northeast Asia dates to 39,000 years ago. The earliest known Korean pottery dates to around 8000 BC, and the Neolithic period began...
- Three Kingdoms of KoreaThree Kingdoms of KoreaThe Three Kingdoms of Korea refer to the ancient Korean kingdoms of Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla, which dominated the Korean peninsula and parts of Manchuria for much of the 1st millennium...
- List of Korean monarchs