Gammaridea is a suborder of small, shrimp

Shrimp

Shrimp are swimming, decapod crustaceans classified in the infraorder Caridea, found widely around the world in both fresh and salt water. Adult shrimp are filter feeding benthic animals living close to the bottom. They can live in schools and can swim rapidly backwards. Shrimp are an important...

-like crustacean

Crustacean

Crustaceans form a very large group of arthropods, usually treated as a subphylum, which includes such familiar animals as crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill and barnacles. The 50,000 described species range in size from Stygotantulus stocki at , to the Japanese spider crab with a leg span...

s in the order Amphipoda

Amphipoda

Amphipoda is an order of malacostracan crustaceans with no carapace and generally with laterally compressed bodies. The name amphipoda means "different-footed", and refers to the different forms of appendages, unlike isopods, where all the legs are alike. Of the 7,000 species, 5,500 are classified...

. It contains about 7,275 (92%) of the 7,900 described species of amphipods, in approximately 1,000 genera

Genus

In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...

, divided among around 125 families

Family (biology)

In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...

. Gammaridea includes almost all freshwater

Fresh Water

Fresh Water is the debut album by Australian rock and blues singer Alison McCallum, released in 1972. Rare for an Australian artist at the time, it came in a gatefold sleeve...

 amphipods (such as Gammarus pulex

Gammarus pulex

Gammarus pulex is a species of amphipod crustacean found in fresh water across Eurasia. It is a greyish animal, growing to long.-Description:...

), as well as many marine lineages. The group may be paraphyletic

Paraphyly

A group of taxa is said to be paraphyletic if the group consists of all the descendants of a hypothetical closest common ancestor minus one or more monophyletic groups of descendants...

, and a 2003 revision by Myers and Lowry moved several families from Gammaridea to join members of the former Caprellidea in a new suborder Corophiidea

Corophiidea

Corophiidea is a suborder of amphipods, containing the two suborders Caprellida and Corophiida. It was re-established in 2003 by Myers and Lowry, to contain the taxa previously treated as the suborder Caprellida, together with some families formerly placed in the suborder Gammaridea....

.

Systematics

Superfamily Ampeliscoidea

Ampeliscidae

Ampeliscidae is a family of amphipods, distinct enough to warrant placement in a monotypic superfamily Ampeliscoidea. They are benthic, found at the bottom of seas and oceans. They are distributed worldwide, and are often abundant in areas with fine sediments...

• Ampeliscidae
  Ampeliscidae
  Ampeliscidae is a family of amphipods, distinct enough to warrant placement in a monotypic superfamily Ampeliscoidea. They are benthic, found at the bottom of seas and oceans. They are distributed worldwide, and are often abundant in areas with fine sediments...
  
  

Superfamily Crangonyctoidea

• Allocrangonyctidae
• Artesiidae
• Bogidiellidae
• Crangonyctidae
  Crangonyctidae
  Crangonyctidae is a family of cave-dwelling freshwater amphipod crustaceans. It contains the following genera:*Amurocrangonyx Sidorov & Holsinger, 2007 *Bactrurus Hay, 1902*Crangonyx Bate, 1859*Lyurella Derzhavin, 1939...
  
  
• Crymostygidae
• Falklandellidae
• Kotumsaridae (tentatively placed here)
• Neoniphargidae
• Niphargidae
  Niphargidae
  Niphargidae is a family of amphipods. It contains the following genera:*Carinurella Sket, 1971*Foroniphargus G. Karaman, 1985*Haploginglymus Mateus & Mateus, 1958*Microniphargus Schellenberg, 1934*Niphargellus Schellenberg, 1938...
  
  
• Paracrangonyctidae
• Paramelitidae
  Paramelitidae
  Paramelitidae is a family of amphipods, containing the following genera:*Antipodeus Williams & Barnard, 1988*Aquadulcaris Stewart & Griffiths, 1995*Austrocrangonyx Barnard & Barnard, 1983*Austrogammarus Barnard & Karaman, 1983...
  
  
• Perthiidae
• Phreatogammaridae
• Pseudocrangonyctidae
• Pseudoniphargidae
• Sternophysingidae

Superfamily Dexaminoidea

• Dexaminidae
  Dexaminidae
  Dexaminidae is a family of amphipods. It contains the following genera :*Aberratylus Bousfield & Kendall, 1994*Anatylus Bulycheva, 1955*Atylus Leach, 1815*Delkarlye*Dexamine Leach, 1814*Dexaminella*Dexamonica...
  
  
• Lepechinellidae

Superfamily Eusiroidea

• Amathillopsidae
• Bateidae
  Bateidae
  Bateidae is a family of amphipod crustaceans, comprising the single genus Batea, which in turn contains thirteen species:*Batea bousfieldi *Batea campi *Batea carinata...
  
  
• Calliopiidae
  Calliopiidae
  Calliopiidae is a family of amphipods, containing the following genera:*Amphithopsis Boeck, 1861*Apherusa Walker, 1891*Bouvierella Chevreux, 1900*Calliopiella Schellenberg, 1925*Calliopiurus Bushueva, 1986...
  
  
• Eusiridae
  Eusiridae
  Eusiridae is a family of amphipods. It contains the following genera:*Cleonardo Stebbing, 1888*Eusirella Chevreux, 1908*Eusirogenes Stebbing, 1904*Eusiropsis Stebbing, 1897*Eusirus Krøyer, 1845*Harcledo J. L. Barnard, 1964...
  
  
• Gammaracanthidae
• Gammarellidae
  Gammarellidae
  Gammarellidae is a family of amphipods containing three genera:*Austroregia J. L. Barnard, 1989*Chosroes Stebbing, 1888*Gammarellus Herbst, 1793...
  
  
• Pontogeneiidae

Superfamily Gammaroidea

• Acanthogammaridae
  Acanthogammaridae
  Acanthogammaridae is a family of amphipod crustaceans, endemic to Lake Baikal. It contains the following subfamilies and genera:Acanthogammarinae Garjajewia, 1901*Acanthogammarus Stebbing, 1899*Boeckaxelia Schellenberg, 1940...
  
  
• Acanthonotozomatidae
  Acanthonotozomatidae
  Acanthonotozomatidae is a family of Amphipoda comprising five genera :*Acanthonotozoma Boeck, 1876*Acanthonotozomella Schellenberg, 1926...
  
  
• Anisogammaridae
  Anisogammaridae
  Anisogammaridae is a family of small benthic amphipods.-Genera:*Anisogammarus*Barrowgammarus*Carineogammarus*Eogammarus*Eurypodogammarus*Fuxiana*Jesogammarus*Locustogammarus*Ramellogammarus*Spasskogammarus...
  
  
• Baikalogammaridae
• Behningiellidae
• Cardenioidae
• Caspicolidae
• Eulimnogammaridae
• Gammaridae
  Gammaridae
  Gammaridae is a family of amphipods. In North America they are included among the folk taxonomic category of "scuds", and otherwise gammarids is usually used as a common name....
  
  
• Gammaroporeiidae
• Iphigenellidae
• Macrohectopidae
• Mesogammaridae
• Micruropodidae
• Pachyschesidae
• Pallaseidae
  Pallaseidae
  Pallaseidae is a family of amphipod crustaceans endemic to Lake Baikal. Some species are also found in the Angara River which flows out of Lake Baikal, and one species is distributed throughout Northern Palearctic...
  
  
• Pontogammaridae
• Typhlogammaridae

Superfamily Hadzioidea

• Carangoliopsidae
• Hadziidae
  Hadziidae
  Hadziidae is a family of amphipods, which is difficult to distinguish from the related family Melitidae. It contains the following genera:*Allotexiweckelia*Alloweckelia*Dulzura*Hadzia*Holsingerius*Indoweckelia*Liagoceradocus...
  
  
• Melitidae
  Melitidae
  Melitidae is a family of amphipods. It contains around 45 genera, and formerly included a further 40 genera that are now placed in the family Maeridae.-Genera:*Abludomelita*Allomelita*Alsacomelita*Anchialella*Brachina...
  
  
• Metacrangonyctidae

Superfamily Iphimedioidea

• Acanthonotozomellidae
• Dikwidae
• Epimeriidae
  Epimeriidae
  Epimeriidae is a family of amphipods, containing the following genera:*Actinacanthus Stebbing, 1888*Epimeria Costa, 1851*Metepimeria Schellenberg, 1931*Paramphithoe Bruzelius, 1859*Uschakoviella Gurjanova, 1955-External links:...
  
  
• Iphimediidae
• Ochlesidae
  Ochlesidae
  Ochlesidae is a family of amphipods. They are very small, often less than long, and are found mainly in tropical and subtropical areas of the Southern Hemisphere...
  
  
• Vicmusiidae

Superfamily Kurioidea

• Kuriidae

Superfamily Leucothoidea

• Anamixidae
• Leucothoidae
  Leucothoidae
  Leucothoidae is a family of amphipods. It contains 138 species in 6 genera:*Anamixis Stebbing, 1897 – 21 species*Leucothoe Leach, 1814 – 96 species*Leucothoella Schellenberg, 1928 – 2 species*Nepanamixis Thomas, 1997 – 4 species...
  
  
• Pleustidae

Superfamily Liljborgioidea

• Colomastigidae
• Liljeborgiidae
  Liljeborgiidae
  Liljeborgiidae is a family of amphipods, containing the following genera:*Idunella G. O. Sars, 1894*Isipingus Barnard & Karaman, 1987*Liljeborgia Bate, 1862*Listriella Barnard, 1959...
  
  
• Salentinellidae
• Sebidae
  Sebidae
  Sebidae is a family of amphipods. Its members are disjunctly distributed, occurring in the Mediterranean Sea, eastern and southern parts of the Atlantic Ocean, the southern United States, the Hawaiian Islands, the Indian Ocean, Antarctica and Australia....
  
  

Superfamily Lysianassoidea

• Amaryllididae
  Amaryllididae
  Amaryllididae is a family of marine benthic amphipods found throughout the southern hemisphere. These smooth, laterally compressed amphipods can be distinguished by the accessory setal row of the mandible having a distal tuft...
  
  
• Aristiidae
• Cyphocarididae
• Endevouridae
• Eurytheneidae
• Lysianassidae
  Lysianassidae
  Lysianassidae is a family of marine amphipods.-Genera:*Abyssorchomene*Acheronia*Acidostoma*Acontiostoma*Adeliella*Alicella*Allogaussia*Ambasia*Ambasiella*Ambasiopsis*Apotectonia*Aristiopsis...
  
  
• Opisidae
• Podoprionidae
• Scopelocheiridae
• Trischizostomatidae
• Uristidae
• Wandinidae

Superfamily Melphidippoidea

• Megaluropidae
• Melphidippidae
  Melphidippidae
  Melphidippidae is a family of amphipods which rest upside-down and feed on particles of food suspended in the water. Three genera are recognised:*Melphidippa Boeck, 1871*Melphidippella Sars, 1894*Melphisubchela Andres, 1981...
  
  

Superfamily Oedicerotoidea

• Exoedicerotidae
• Oedicerotidae
  Oedicerotidae
  Oedicerotidae is a family of amphipods. It comprises the following genera:*Aborolobatea Ledoyer, 1984*Acanthostepheia Boeck, 1871*Aceroides Sars, 1895*Americhelidium Bousfield & Chevrier, 1996*Ameroculodes Bousfield & Chevrier, 1996...
  
  
• Paracalliopiidae
  Paracalliopiidae
  Paracalliopiidae is a family of amphipods....
  
  

Superfamily Pardaliscoidea

• Astyridae
• Hyperiopsidae
  Hyperiopsidae
  Hyperiopsidae is a family of amphipods, comprising the genera Hyperiopsis and Parargissa....
  
  
• Pardaliscidae
  Pardaliscidae
  Pardaliscidae is a family of amphipods, including the deepest collections made by the Galathea expeditions. It contains the following genera:*Andeepia Biswas, Coleman & Hendrycks, 2009*Antronicippe Stock & Illife, 1990...
  
  
• Sicafodiidae
• Stilipedidae
  Stilipedidae
  Stilipedidae is a family of amphipods, containing the following genera:*Alexandrella*Astyra*Astyroides*Bathypanoploea*Stilipes-References:-External links:*, Crustacea.net...
  
  
• Vitjazianidae

Superfamily Phoxocephaloidea

• Cheidae
• Condukiidae
• Haustoriidae
  Haustoriidae
  Haustoriidae is a family of amphipods. They are very distinctive stout-bodied burrowing animals.The following genera are included in the family:*Acanthohaustorius Bousfield, 1965*Cunicus*Eohaustorius J. L. Barnard, 1957...
  
  
• Ipanemidae
• Phoxocephalidae
• Phoxocephalopsidae
• Platyischnopidae
  Platyischnopidae
  Platyischnopidae is a family of amphipod crustaceans. Its members are characterised by the conical rostrum, which is covered with sensory pits at the end. Although digging behaviour has only been directly observed in a few taxa, it is assumed that all the animals in the family Platyischnopidae are...
  
  
• Pontoporeiidae
  Pontoporeiidae
  Pontoporeiidae is a family of amphipods, containing the following genera:*Amphiporeia Shoemaker, 1929*Bathyporeia Lindstrom, 1855*Monoporeia Bousfield, 1989*Pontoporeia Krøyer, 1842*Priscillina Stebbing, 1888...
  
  
• Sinurothoidae
• Urohaustoriidae
• Urothoidae
  Urothoidae
  Urothoidae is a family of small marine amphipod crustaceans. Members of the family are found worldwide and are mainly detrivores and interface grazers, though some are also facultative filter feeders.-Genera:*Carangolia J.L...
  
  
• Zobrachoidae

Superfamily Stegocephaloidea

• Stegocephalidae

Superfamily Stenothoidea

• Amphilochidae
  Amphilochidae
  Amphilochidae is a family of amphipod crustaceans, containing the following genera:*Afrogitanopsis G. Karaman, 1980*Amphilochella Schellenberg, 1926*Amphilochoides Sars, 1895*Amphilochopsis Stephensen, 1925*Amphilochus Bate, 1862...
  
  
• Bolttsiidae
• Cyproideidae
  Cyproideidae
  Cyproideidae is a family of amphipod crustaceans. Eighteen genera and 43 species have been described as of 2009. They mostly occur mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, where they form associations with corals, sponges, crinoids and hydroids.-Genera:...
  
  
• Pseudamphilochidae
• Stenothoidae

Superfamily Synopioidea

• Argissidae
• Synopiidae

Superfamily Talitroidea (includes Phliantoidea)

• Biancolinidae
• Ceinidae
  Ceinidae
  Ceinidae is a family of amphipods. Until 1972, they were considered part of the family Phliantidae. Some genera previously included in this family have been transferred to the family Hyalidae....
  
  
• Chiltoniidae
  Chiltoniidae
  Chiltoniidae is a family of amphipods, which contains the following genera:*Afrochiltonia K. H. Barnard, 1955*Arabunnachiltonia King, 2009*Austrochiltonia Hurley, 1958*Chiltonia Stebbing, 1899*Phreatochiltonia Zeidler, 1991...
  
  
• Dogielinotidae
  Dogielinotidae
  Dogielinotidae is a family of amphipods. It is currently subdivided into three subfamilies, containing a total of twelve genera:Dogielinotinae Gurjanova, 1953*Allorchestes Dana, 1849*Dogielinoides Bousfield, 1982*Dogielinotus Gurjanova, 1953...
  
  
• Eophliantidae
  Eophliantidae
  Eophliantidae is a family of amphipods, containing the following genera:*Bircenna Chilton, 1884*Ceinina Stephensen, 1933*Cylindryllioides Nichols, 1938*Eophliantis Sheard, 1936*Lignophliantis J. L. Barnard, 1969...
  
  
• Phliantidae
  Phliantidae
  Phliantidae is a family of isopod-like amphipod crustaceans chiefly from the southern hemisphere.-Description:Members of the family Phliantidae are unusual among the order Amphipoda, because they have dorso-ventrally flattened bodies with a pronouned dorsal keel, rather than being flattened...
  
  
• Plioplateiidae
• Talitridae
  Talitridae
  Talitridae is a family of amphipods. Commonly, many of the North American fresh water species of this family are called scuds. Terrestrial species are often referred to as landhoppers and beach dwellers are called sandhoppers or sand fleas.It contains the following genera:*Africorchestia Lowry &...
  
  
• Temnophliantidae

Superfamily Thurstonelloidea (formerly Clarencioidea)

• Thurstonellidae (formerly Clarenciidae)

Incertae sedis

Incertae sedis

, is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is attributed by , , and similar terms.-Examples:*The fossil plant Paradinandra suecica could not be assigned to any...

• Cressidae
  Cressidae
  Cressidae is a family of amphipods. The family contains two genera:*Cressa Boeck, 1857*Cressina Stephensen, 1931...
  
  
• Didymocheliidae
• Iciliidae
• Lafystiidae
• Laphystiopsidae
• Maxillipiidae
• Nihotungidae
• Pagetinidae
• Paraleptamphopidae
  Paraleptamphopidae
  Paraleptamphopidae is a family of amphipod crustaceans, containing three genera. Paraleptamphopus and Ringanui are both endemic to New Zealand, but Rudolphia lives in Chile.-References:...
  
  
• Tulearidae
• Valettidae