Gahal
Encyclopedia
Gahal was the major right-wing political faction in Israel
led by Menachem Begin
from its founding in 1965 until it merged into Likud
in 1973.
and the Liberal Party
towards the end of the fifth Knesset
in preparation for the 1965 elections
. The alliance brought together the only two right-wing parties in the Knesset
, each with 17 seats at the time. The Liberal Party had only been formed in 1961 by a merger of the General Zionists
and the Progressive Party
.
However, several former Liberal Party members were unhappy with the alliance, identifying Herut and its leader, Menachem Begin as too right-wing. As a result, seven MKs broke away from the Liberal Party to form the Independent Liberals
, which later merged into the left-wing
Alignment
. Nevertheless, the new party went into the elections with 27 seats, just seven less than Mapai
, the party which had dominated Israeli politics since independence, although Mapai also had been reduced in size due to a breakaway of 8 MKs led by David Ben-Gurion
to found Rafi.
Led by Begin, in its first electoral test Gahal won 26 seats. However, it was outperformed by the Alignment
(a new left-wing alliance of Mapai
and Ahdut HaAvoda
), which won 46 seats. The party was reduced in strength when three Gahal MKs broke away to form the Free Centre
, and a fourth later left.
During the Six-Day War
, Alignment leader and Prime Minister
Levi Eshkol
invited Gahal to join a national unity government
. The party remained in the government after the war, and kept its place when Golda Meir
became Prime Minister following Eshkol's death in 1969.
In the October 1969 elections
, Gahal maintained its 26-seat strength, but was comprehensively beaten by the Alignment, which won 56, in the best-ever election performance in Israeli political history. Nevertheless, it remained within the national unity government. The announcement of the Rogers Plan
on December 9 had alarmed Menachem Begin sufficiently to cause the Herut faction to stop haggling with the Labor Party and accept the six cabinet seats offered in the new government. At the UN, a similar American proposal to Jordan on December 18, explicitly calling for Israeli withdrawal from the West Bank
removed any remaining differences with the prime minister, since they both saw this as a challenge requiring a blunt and energetic response.
Gahal pulled out of the coalition in August 1970 however, after the government announced its support for the Rogers Plan
. Although the government later retracted its support for the plan, Gahal did not rejoin the coalition.
Before the 1973 elections
, Gahal merged with several smaller right-wing parties, including its former breakaway, the Free Centre, the National List
(a small party founded by Ben-Gurion after he had left Rafi) and the non-parliamentary Movement for Greater Israel
. The new party, also headed by Begin, was called Likud
, the Hebrew word for Consolidation.
Though Likud failed to overcome the Alignment in the 1973 elections, it comfortably won the next election
in 1977, ousting the left from power for the first time in Israel's history.
Israel
The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
led by Menachem Begin
Menachem Begin
' was a politician, founder of Likud and the sixth Prime Minister of the State of Israel. Before independence, he was the leader of the Zionist militant group Irgun, the Revisionist breakaway from the larger Jewish paramilitary organization Haganah. He proclaimed a revolt, on 1 February 1944,...
from its founding in 1965 until it merged into Likud
Likud
Likud is the major center-right political party in Israel. It was founded in 1973 by Menachem Begin in an alliance with several right-wing and liberal parties. Likud's victory in the 1977 elections was a major turning point in the country's political history, marking the first time the left had...
in 1973.
Background
Gahal was formed by an alliance of HerutHerut
Herut was the major right-wing political party in Israel from the 1940s until its formal merger into Likud in 1988, and an adherent of Revisionist Zionism.-History:...
and the Liberal Party
Liberal Party (Israel)
The Israeli Liberal Party was a political party in Israel and is one of the ancestors of the modern-day Likud.-History:The Liberal Party was formed on 8 May 1961, towards the end of the fourth Knesset, by a merger of the General Zionists and the Progressive Party, with the new party having 14...
towards the end of the fifth Knesset
Israeli legislative election, 1961
Elections for the fifth Knesset were held in Israel on 15 August 1961. Voter turnout was 81.6%.-Results:¹ Eight MKs broke away from Mapai to establish Rafi² Herut and the Liberal Party merged to form Gahal...
in preparation for the 1965 elections
Israeli legislative election, 1965
Elections for the sixth Knesset were held in Israel on 1 November 1965. Voter turnout was 85.9%.-Background:Prior to the elections, two major alliances were formed; Mapai and Ahdut HaAvoda united to form the Alignment, whilst Herut and the Liberal Party had formed the Gahal alliance towards the end...
. The alliance brought together the only two right-wing parties in the Knesset
Knesset
The Knesset is the unicameral legislature of Israel, located in Givat Ram, Jerusalem.-Role in Israeli Government :The legislative branch of the Israeli government, the Knesset passes all laws, elects the President and Prime Minister , approves the cabinet, and supervises the work of the government...
, each with 17 seats at the time. The Liberal Party had only been formed in 1961 by a merger of the General Zionists
General Zionists
The General Zionists were centrists within the Zionist movement and a political party in Israel. Their political arm is an ancestor of the modern-day Likud.-History:...
and the Progressive Party
Progressive Party (Israel)
The Progressive Party was a political party in Israel.-History:The Progressive Party was a liberal party, most of whose founders came from the ranks of the New Aliyah Party and HaOved HaTzioni, which had been active prior to independence...
.
However, several former Liberal Party members were unhappy with the alliance, identifying Herut and its leader, Menachem Begin as too right-wing. As a result, seven MKs broke away from the Liberal Party to form the Independent Liberals
Independent Liberals (Israel)
The Independent Liberals were a political party in Israel between the 1960s and 1980s.-History:The Independent Liberals party was formed during the fifth Knesset in the aftermath of the merger of the Liberal Party and Herut. Seven of the 17 Liberal Party MKs led by former Minister of Justice,...
, which later merged into the left-wing
Left-wing politics
In politics, Left, left-wing and leftist generally refer to support for social change to create a more egalitarian society...
Alignment
Alignment (political party)
The Alignment was an alliance of the major left-wing parties in Israel between the 1960s and 1990s. It was established in 1965 as an alliance of Mapai and Ahdut HaAvoda but was dissolved three years later when the two parties and Rafi formally merged into the Israeli Labor Party...
. Nevertheless, the new party went into the elections with 27 seats, just seven less than Mapai
Mapai
Mapai was a left-wing political party in Israel, and was the dominant force in Israeli politics until its merger into the Israeli Labor Party in 1968...
, the party which had dominated Israeli politics since independence, although Mapai also had been reduced in size due to a breakaway of 8 MKs led by David Ben-Gurion
David Ben-Gurion
' was the first Prime Minister of Israel.Ben-Gurion's passion for Zionism, which began early in life, led him to become a major Zionist leader and Executive Head of the World Zionist Organization in 1946...
to found Rafi.
Led by Begin, in its first electoral test Gahal won 26 seats. However, it was outperformed by the Alignment
Alignment (political party)
The Alignment was an alliance of the major left-wing parties in Israel between the 1960s and 1990s. It was established in 1965 as an alliance of Mapai and Ahdut HaAvoda but was dissolved three years later when the two parties and Rafi formally merged into the Israeli Labor Party...
(a new left-wing alliance of Mapai
Mapai
Mapai was a left-wing political party in Israel, and was the dominant force in Israeli politics until its merger into the Israeli Labor Party in 1968...
and Ahdut HaAvoda
Ahdut HaAvoda
Ahdut HaAvoda was the name used by a sequence of political parties that existed firstly during Mandate Palestine and later in Israel. Its original version, led by David Ben-Gurion, is one of the main ancestors of the modern-day Israeli Labor Party....
), which won 46 seats. The party was reduced in strength when three Gahal MKs broke away to form the Free Centre
Free Centre
The Free Centre was a political party in Israel, and is one of the ancestors of the modern-day Likud.-Background:The party was created on 29 March 1967 during the sixth Knesset when Shmuel Tamir led a breakaway of three Herut members after a leadership dispute with Menachem Begin...
, and a fourth later left.
During the Six-Day War
Six-Day War
The Six-Day War , also known as the June War, 1967 Arab-Israeli War, or Third Arab-Israeli War, was fought between June 5 and 10, 1967, by Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt , Jordan, and Syria...
, Alignment leader and Prime Minister
Prime Minister of Israel
The Prime Minister of Israel is the head of the Israeli government and the most powerful political figure in Israel . The prime minister is the country's chief executive. The official residence of the prime minister, Beit Rosh Hamemshala is in Jerusalem...
Levi Eshkol
Levi Eshkol
' served as the third Prime Minister of Israel from 1963 until his death from a heart attack in 1969. He was the first Israeli Prime Minister to die in office.-Biography:...
invited Gahal to join a national unity government
National unity government
A national unity government, government of national unity, or national union government is a broad coalition government consisting of all parties in the legislature, usually formed during a time of war or other national emergency.- Canada :During World War I the Conservative government of Sir...
. The party remained in the government after the war, and kept its place when Golda Meir
Golda Meir
Golda Meir ; May 3, 1898 – December 8, 1978) was a teacher, kibbutznik and politician who became the fourth Prime Minister of the State of Israel....
became Prime Minister following Eshkol's death in 1969.
In the October 1969 elections
Israeli legislative election, 1969
Elections for the seventh Knesset were held in Israel on 28 October 1969. Voter turnout was 81.7%.-Results:¹ Meir Avizohar defected from the National List to the Alignment² Avner Shaki left the National Religious Party and remained a single MK...
, Gahal maintained its 26-seat strength, but was comprehensively beaten by the Alignment, which won 56, in the best-ever election performance in Israeli political history. Nevertheless, it remained within the national unity government. The announcement of the Rogers Plan
Rogers plan
The Rogers Plan was a framework proposed by United States Secretary of State William P. Rogers to achieve an end to belligerence in the Arab-Israeli conflict following the Six-Day War and the continuing War of Attrition. The plan was publicly proposed in a December 9, 1969 speech at an Adult...
on December 9 had alarmed Menachem Begin sufficiently to cause the Herut faction to stop haggling with the Labor Party and accept the six cabinet seats offered in the new government. At the UN, a similar American proposal to Jordan on December 18, explicitly calling for Israeli withdrawal from the West Bank
West Bank
The West Bank ) of the Jordan River is the landlocked geographical eastern part of the Palestinian territories located in Western Asia. To the west, north, and south, the West Bank shares borders with the state of Israel. To the east, across the Jordan River, lies the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan...
removed any remaining differences with the prime minister, since they both saw this as a challenge requiring a blunt and energetic response.
Gahal pulled out of the coalition in August 1970 however, after the government announced its support for the Rogers Plan
Rogers plan
The Rogers Plan was a framework proposed by United States Secretary of State William P. Rogers to achieve an end to belligerence in the Arab-Israeli conflict following the Six-Day War and the continuing War of Attrition. The plan was publicly proposed in a December 9, 1969 speech at an Adult...
. Although the government later retracted its support for the plan, Gahal did not rejoin the coalition.
Before the 1973 elections
Israeli legislative election, 1973
The Elections for the eighth Knesset were held on 31 December 1973. Voter turnout was 78.6%.-Results:1 Aryeh Eliav left the Alignment and merged with Ratz to form Ya'ad - Civil Rights Movement...
, Gahal merged with several smaller right-wing parties, including its former breakaway, the Free Centre, the National List
National List
The National List , sometimes translated as the State List, was a political party in Israel. Despite being founded by David Ben-Gurion, one of the fathers of the Israeli left, the party is an ancestor of the modern-day Likud, Israel's largest right-wing bloc.-Background:The National List had been...
(a small party founded by Ben-Gurion after he had left Rafi) and the non-parliamentary Movement for Greater Israel
Movement for Greater Israel
The Movement for Greater Israel was a political organisation in Israel during the 1960s and 1970s which subscribed to an ideology of Greater Israel....
. The new party, also headed by Begin, was called Likud
Likud
Likud is the major center-right political party in Israel. It was founded in 1973 by Menachem Begin in an alliance with several right-wing and liberal parties. Likud's victory in the 1977 elections was a major turning point in the country's political history, marking the first time the left had...
, the Hebrew word for Consolidation.
Though Likud failed to overcome the Alignment in the 1973 elections, it comfortably won the next election
Israeli legislative election, 1977
The Elections for the ninth Knesset were held on 17 May 1977. For the first time in Israeli political history, the right-wing, led by Likud, won the election, ending almost 30 years of rule by the left-wing Alignment and its predecessor, Mapai...
in 1977, ousting the left from power for the first time in Israel's history.
Knesset members
| Knesset (MKs) |
Knesset Members |
|---|---|
| 5th Israeli legislative election, 1961 Elections for the fifth Knesset were held in Israel on 15 August 1961. Voter turnout was 81.6%.-Results:¹ Eight MKs broke away from Mapai to establish Rafi² Herut and the Liberal Party merged to form Gahal... (27) |
Zalman Abramov Zalman Abramov Dr Shneor Zalman Abramov was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset between 1959 and 1977. As a writer he usually signed by using the acronym S.Z. Abramov.-Biography:... , Aryeh Altman Aryeh Altman Aryeh Altman was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Herut and Gahal between 1951 and 1965.-Biography:Born in Balta in the Russian Empire , Altman studied law and economics at Odessa University. In 1921 he joined Tzeiri Zion, and chaired the organisation until 1924... , Binyamin Arditi Binyamin Arditi Binyamin Arditi was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Herut and Gahal between 1955 and 1965.-Biography:Born in Vienna, Arditi attended high school in Sofia in Bulgaria. In 1917 he became a member of the central committee of the Zionist Organization of Bulgaria, on... , Binyamin Avniel Binyamin Avniel Binyamin Avniel was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Herut and Gahal from 1951 until 1969.-Biography:Born in Jerusalem during the Ottoman era, Avniel was educated at a heder, before studying at a Teachers Seminary in Jerusalem and then education and social sciences... , Yohanan Bader Yohanan Bader Yohanan Bader was a Revisionist Zionist leader and Israeli politician.-Biography:Bader was born in Kraków in Austria-Hungary , where he studied at a State Gymnasium. In his youth he was active in the Jewish Socialist Party, the "Bund" followed by "HaShomer Hatzair" but in 1925 he joined the... , Menachem Begin Menachem Begin ' was a politician, founder of Likud and the sixth Prime Minister of the State of Israel. Before independence, he was the leader of the Zionist militant group Irgun, the Revisionist breakaway from the larger Jewish paramilitary organization Haganah. He proclaimed a revolt, on 1 February 1944,... , Aryeh Ben-Eliezer Aryeh Ben-Eliezer Aryeh Ben-Eliezer was a Revisionist Zionist leader, Irgun member and Israeli politician.-Biography:Ben-Eliezer was born in 1913 in Vilnius in the Russian Empire . His family immigrated to the British Mandate of Palestine in 1920, and he attended high schools in Tel Aviv... , Peretz Bernstein Peretz Bernstein Peretz Bernstein was a Zionist activist and Israeli politician and one of the signatories of the Israeli declaration of independence.-Biography:... , Haim Cohen-Meguri Haim Cohen-Meguri Haim Cohen-Meguri was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Herut and Gahal.-Biography:Born in Yemen, Cohen-Meguri made aliyah to Mandate Palestine in 1921. In 1927 he joined the Revisionist Zionist Betar movement, and in 1935 joined the Irgun.In 1948 he joined Menachem... , Aharon Goldstein Aharon Goldstein Aharon Goldstein was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for the Liberal Party and Gahal between 1963 and 1974.-Biography:... , Yitzhak Klinghoffer Yitzhak Klinghoffer -Biography:Klinghoffer was born in Galicia , but grew up in Vienna. He studied Law and Political Science at the University of Vienna, where he received Doctorate in Law in 1927 and in Political Science in 1930.... , Yosef Kremerman Yosef Kremerman Yosef Kremerman was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Herut, Gahal and Likud between 1964 and 1977.-Biography:... , Haim Landau Haim Landau Haim Landau was an Israeli independence fighter, Knesset member and Minister in the government of Menachem Begin.-Career:Landau was born in Kraków, Austria-Hungary and made aliyah to Mandate Palestine in 1935... , Nahum Levin Nahum Levin Nahum Levin was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Herut and Gahal from 1955 until 1965.- Biography :Born in the Vitebsk, Russian Empire , Levin was a member of the central committee of the HaHaver movement. He was arrested by the Soviet authorities, and made aliyah to... , Eliyahu Meridor Eliyahu Meridor Eliyahu Meridor was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Herut and Gahal from 1959 until his death in 1966.-Biography:... , Ya'akov Meridor, Shlomo Perlstein Shlomo Perlstein Shlomo Perlstein was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset from 1951 until 1959, and again from 1961 until 1969.-Biography:... , Esther Raziel-Naor Esther Raziel-Naor Esther Raziel-Naor was a Revisionist Zionist, Irgun leader and Israeli politician. She was the sister of fellow Irgun leader, David Raziel.-Early life:... , Elimelekh Rimalt Elimelekh Rimalt Rabbi Dr Elimelekh-Shimon Rimalt was a Zionist activist and Israeli politician. He served as Minister of Postal Services between December 1969 and August 1970.-Biography:... , Yosef Sapir Yosef Sapir Yosef Sapir was an Israeli politician and Knesset member of the 1st to 7th Knessets. He served as head of the General Zionists and was a founding member of the Gahal party.... , Yosef Serlin Yosef Serlin -Biography:Serlin was born in Białystok in the Russian Empire , where he attended a Hebrew High School. He studied law at the University of Warsaw and was certified as a lawyer in 1929. He was active in the Zionist Movement in Poland and was chairman of the Federation of Academic Zionists in... , Shabtai Shikhman Shabtai Shikhman Shabtai Shikhman was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Herut and Gahal between 1959 and 1965.-Biography:Born in an area that became Poland, Shikhman joined the Betar youth movement, and was commander of the branch in his home town... , Yosef Shofman Yosef Shofman Yosef Shofman was an Israeli politician and diplomat who served as a member of the Knesset for Herut and Gahal between 1955 and 1969, and as the country's ambassador to Venezuela between 1971 and 1974.-Biography:... , Eliezer Shostak Eliezer Shostak Eliezer Shostak was an Israeli politician who served as Minister of Health from 1977 until 1984 and as a member of the Knesset from 1951 until 1988.-Biography:... , Avraham Tiar, Baruch Uziel Baruch Uziel Baruch Uziel was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for the Liberal Party and Gahal between 1961 and 1969.-Biography:... , Zvi Zimmerman Zvi Zimmerman Zvi Henryk Zimmerman was a Zionist activist, jurist, and Israeli politician. He is also known for his cooperation with Henryk Sławik to save Jews during the Holocaust.-Biography:... |
| 6th Israeli legislative election, 1965 Elections for the sixth Knesset were held in Israel on 1 November 1965. Voter turnout was 85.9%.-Background:Prior to the elections, two major alliances were formed; Mapai and Ahdut HaAvoda united to form the Alignment, whilst Herut and the Liberal Party had formed the Gahal alliance towards the end... (26 –4) |
Zalman Abramov, Binyamin Avniel, Yohanan Bader, Menachem Begin, Aryeh Ben-Eliezer, Haim Cohen-Meguri, Aharon Goldstein, Yitzhak Klinghoffer, Yosef Kremerman, Haim Landau, Eliyahu Meridor*, Ya'akov Meridor, Shlomo Perlstein, Esther Raziel-Naor, Elimelekh Rimalt, Yosef Sapir, Yosef Serlin, Yosef Shofman, Mordechai-Haim Stern Mordechai-Haim Stern Mordechai-Haim Stern was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Gahal between 1965 and 1969.-Biography:Born in Vienna in Austria-Hungary, Stern studied medicine at the University of Vienna, but did not graduate. In 1934 he made aliyah to Mandate Palestine... , Yosef Tamir Yosef Tamir -Background:Tamir was born in Berdychiv in the Russian Empire and immigrated to Mandate Palestine in 1924. He passed through elementary and high school in Petah Tikva and graduated from the Law and Economics School at Tel Aviv University.... , Baruch Uziel, Menachem Yedid Menachem Yedid Menachem Yedid is a former Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Gahal and Likud between 1965 and 1977.-Biography:Born in Aleppo in Syria in 1918, Yedid was educated at a high school and yeshiva, before making aliyah to Mandate Palestine in 1935. In the same year he joined... , Zvi Zimmerman – Eliezer Shostak, Shmuel Tamir Shmuel Tamir Shmuel M. Tamir was a prominent Israeli independence fighter, lawyer, Knesset member from 1965 to 1980, and Minister of Justice in the government of Menachem Begin from 1977 until 1980-Irgun:... , Avraham Tiar, Shlomo Cohen-Tzidon Shlomo Cohen-Tzidon Shlomo Cohen-Tzidon is a former Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Gahal and the Free Centre between 1966 and 1969.-Biography:... * (replaced Eliyahu Meridor) (to the Free Centre Free Centre The Free Centre was a political party in Israel, and is one of the ancestors of the modern-day Likud.-Background:The party was created on 29 March 1967 during the sixth Knesset when Shmuel Tamir led a breakaway of three Herut members after a leadership dispute with Menachem Begin... ) |
| 7th Israeli legislative election, 1969 Elections for the seventh Knesset were held in Israel on 28 October 1969. Voter turnout was 81.7%.-Results:¹ Meir Avizohar defected from the National List to the Alignment² Avner Shaki left the National Religious Party and remained a single MK... (26) |
Zalman Abramov, Yoram Aridor Yoram Aridor Yoram Aridor is an Israeli former politician, who served as a member of the Knesset from 1969 until 1988, as well as holding two ministerial posts.-Biography:... , Yohanan Bader, Menachem Begin, Aryeh Ben-Eliezer (replaced by Gideon Patt Gideon Patt Gideon Patt is a former Israeli politician who served in several ministerial positions between the late 1970s and early 1980s.-Biography:Born in Jerusalem during the Mandate era, Patt served in the Nahal brigade and studied economics at New York University, gaining a BA.For the 1969 elections he... ), Haim Corfu Haim Corfu -Biography:Corfu was born in Jerusalem in 1921. He studied in religious schools and yeshivas and attended a religious teachers seminary. In 1937 he joined the Irgun and was a member of the Irgun command in Jerusalem. During that time he also played as a striker for Beitar Jerusalem... , Simha Erlich Simha Erlich Simha Erlich was an Israeli politician. He was the leader of the Liberal Party and Minister of Finance under Menachem Begin, and is known for his attempt to liberalize the Israeli economy.-Biography:... , Aharon Goldstein, Binyamin Halevi, Avraham Katz Avraham Katz Avraham Katz was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Gahal and Likud between 1969 and 1981.-Biography:Born in Ness Ziona during the Mandate era, Katz was edicated at the Herzliya Hebrew High School. He joined the Palmach was a member of its Harel Brigade during the 1948... , Ben-Zion Keshet Ben-Zion Keshet Ben-Zion Keshet was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Gahal and Likud between 1969 and 1977.-Biography:Born in Riga in the Russian Empire , Keshet attended a Hebrew high school in his home city. He joined the Betar youth movement and helped establish the Estonian... , Yitzhak Klinghoffer, Yosef Kremerman, Haim Landau, David Levy David Levy (Israeli politician) David Levy is an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset between 1969 and 2006, as well as Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Immigrant Absorption, Minister of Housing & Construction and as a Minister without Portfolio... , Dov Milman Dov Milman Dov Milman was an Israeli politician and diplomat who served as a member of the Knesset for Gahal between 1969 and 1974, and as ambassador to Portugal from 1981 until 1983.-Biography:... , Ya'akov Nehushtan Ya'akov Nehushtan Ya'akov Nehoshtan is a former Israeli politician and diplomat who served as a member of the Knesset for Gahal between 1969 and 1974 and as ambassador to the Netherlands between 1982 and 1985.-Biography:... , Moshe Nissim Moshe Nissim Moshe Nissim is a former Israeli politician, minister and Deputy Prime Minister.-Background:Born in Mandate Palestine, Nissim studied law at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, gaining an MA. He was an Officer of Justice in the IDF during his national service, and went on to work as an attorney... , Esther Raziel-Naor, Elimelekh Rimalt, Yosef Sapir (replaced by Matityahu Drobles Matityahu Drobles Matityahu "Matis" Drobles is a former Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Gahal and Likud between 1972 and 1977.-Biography:... ), Yosef Serlin, Avraham Shekhterman Avraham Shekhterman Avraham Shekhterman was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Gahal and Likud between 1969 and 1977.-Biography:Born in Odessa in the Russian Empire , Shekhterman made aliyah to Mandate Palestine in 1924. He attended high school in Tel Aviv and in 1927 he joined Betar,... , Yosef Tamir, Menachem Yedid, Zvi Zimmerman |
External links
- Gahal Knesset website