Fully Integrated Robotised Engine
Encyclopedia
The FIRE is a series of automobile
engines from Fiat
. It was designed by Italian design firm Rodolfo Bonetto . It is constructed by robot assembly plants ("Robogate") to reduce costs.
The FIRE series replaced the old Fiat OHV
engine in the mid-1980s. Mechanically, they are simple straight-4
engines with five bearings and overhead cam heads. A result of the desire for an engine that was easily assembled automatically was the choice of a long-bolt design
, where the cylinder head and the crankshaft bearings are both retained by a single set of long bolts.
Since 1985, it has been constructed in different versions from 769 cc to 1368 cc with 8 valves; there is another version called the "Super-FIRE" which uses 16 valves and is available in 999 cc (Brazil) and 1242 cc (Brazil & Europe) displacements.
The 1368 cc variation introduced in 2003 is available in both 8 and 16 valves; in 2005 it incorporated port deactivation
(PDA) and EGR. This unit is frequently referred to as the "Starjet" engine or JTB engine. In 2005, a turbocharged version of 1368 cc was introduced as "T-JET" engine, and a MultiAir
(electro-hydraulic valve) version was added in 2009.
The FIRE was originally a carburetor
engine, and later progressed to a single point injection
(SPI) to multipoint injection (MPI) and is now a sequential multipoint injection (SMPI). It is now used in the 750 Formula
in a slightly modified state.
Automobile
An automobile, autocar, motor car or car is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transporting passengers, which also carries its own engine or motor...
engines from Fiat
Fiat
FIAT, an acronym for Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino , is an Italian automobile manufacturer, engine manufacturer, financial, and industrial group based in Turin in the Italian region of Piedmont. Fiat was founded in 1899 by a group of investors including Giovanni Agnelli...
. It was designed by Italian design firm Rodolfo Bonetto . It is constructed by robot assembly plants ("Robogate") to reduce costs.
The FIRE series replaced the old Fiat OHV
Overhead valve
An overhead valve engine, also informally called pushrod engine or I-head engine, is a type of piston engine that places the camshaft within the cylinder block , and uses pushrods or rods to actuate rocker arms above the cylinder...
engine in the mid-1980s. Mechanically, they are simple straight-4
Straight-4
The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft....
engines with five bearings and overhead cam heads. A result of the desire for an engine that was easily assembled automatically was the choice of a long-bolt design
Long-bolt engine
A long-bolt or through-bolt engine is an internal combustion piston engine where, following usual practice, the cylinder head is held down by bolts or studs...
, where the cylinder head and the crankshaft bearings are both retained by a single set of long bolts.
Since 1985, it has been constructed in different versions from 769 cc to 1368 cc with 8 valves; there is another version called the "Super-FIRE" which uses 16 valves and is available in 999 cc (Brazil) and 1242 cc (Brazil & Europe) displacements.
The 1368 cc variation introduced in 2003 is available in both 8 and 16 valves; in 2005 it incorporated port deactivation
Variable Length Intake Manifold
In internal combustion engines, a variable length intake manifold , or variable intake manifold is an automobile internal combustion engine manifold technology...
(PDA) and EGR. This unit is frequently referred to as the "Starjet" engine or JTB engine. In 2005, a turbocharged version of 1368 cc was introduced as "T-JET" engine, and a MultiAir
Multiair
Multiair is an electro-hydraulic variable valve actuation technology controlling air intake in petrol or diesel engines . It is compatible with both naturally aspirated and forced-induction engines....
(electro-hydraulic valve) version was added in 2009.
The FIRE was originally a carburetor
Carburetor
A carburetor , carburettor, or carburetter is a device that blends air and fuel for an internal combustion engine. It is sometimes shortened to carb in North America and the United Kingdom....
engine, and later progressed to a single point injection
Fuel injection
Fuel injection is a system for admitting fuel into an internal combustion engine. It has become the primary fuel delivery system used in automotive petrol engines, having almost completely replaced carburetors in the late 1980s....
(SPI) to multipoint injection (MPI) and is now a sequential multipoint injection (SMPI). It is now used in the 750 Formula
750 Formula
750 Formula is a British racing formula invented and regulated by the 750 Motor Club, designed originally for a two seater sports/racers powered by the 750cc Austin Seven engine and the Seven chassis...
in a slightly modified state.
List of FIRE engines
The FIRE engine has been available in the following displacements:- 769 cc (0.8 L) - 65 mm bore x 58 mm stroke
- 8v (1986 - 1992)
- 999 cc (1.0 L) - 70 mm bore x 64.9 mm stroke
- 8v (1986 - 1993)
- 8v SPI (1993 - 2003)
- 16v SMPI (1998 - 2003, Brazil only)
- 8v SMPI Flex-fuel (2005 - current, Brazil only)
- 1108 cc (1.1 L) - 70 mm x 72 mm
- 8v (70 mm x 72 mm) (1983 - 1993)
- 8v SPI (1993 - 2000)
- 8v SMPI (2001 - current)
- 1242 cc (1.2 L) - 70.8 mm bore x 78.9 mm stroke
- 8v MPI (1993 - 1999)
- 8v SMPI (1993 - current)
- 16v SMPI (1998 - 2009)
- 1368 cc (1.4 L) SMPI PDAVariable Length Intake ManifoldIn internal combustion engines, a variable length intake manifold , or variable intake manifold is an automobile internal combustion engine manifold technology...
- 72 mm bore x 84 m stroke- 8v StarJet (2003 - current)
- 8v Flex-fuel (2005 - current, Brazil only)
- 16v StarJet (2005 - current)
- 16v T-Jet (2006 - current)
- 16v MultiAirMultiairMultiair is an electro-hydraulic variable valve actuation technology controlling air intake in petrol or diesel engines . It is compatible with both naturally aspirated and forced-induction engines....
(2009 - current) - 16v T-Jet MultiAir (2009 - current)
Applications
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- Lancia Y10
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