Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen
Encyclopedia
Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (Hildburghausen
, 29 April 1763 – Jagdhaus Hummelshain, Altenburg
, 29 September 1834), was duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen
(1780–1826) and duke of Saxe-Altenburg
(1826–1834).
.
Until 1806 he was subject to the restrictions of the Imperial Debit Commission, which had placed the duchy of Saxe-Hildburghausen, because of his predecessors' dissolute financial policy, under official administration. In 1806 Frederick joined the Confederation of the Rhine
, and in 1815 the German Confederation
, under whose guarantee he gave 1818 the duchy a new basic condition.
on 3 September 1785, Frederick married Duchess Charlotte Georgine of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
. They had twelve children:
Frederick was considered popular and intelligent. During his reign, along with his beautiful wife, Charlotte, cultural life in the small town reached its zenith. So many poets and artists spent their time there that Hildburghausen was nicknamed "Klein-Weimar" (Little Weimar). When the last duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
died without issue in 1825, the other branches of the house decided on a rearrangement of the Ernestine duchies
. On 12 November 1826, Frederick became Duke of Saxe-Altenburg, to which he gave a first Basic Law in the year 1831; in exchange, he ceded Saxe-Hildburghausen
to the Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
.
Hildburghausen
Hildburghausen is a town in Thuringia in central Germany, capital of the district Hildburghausen. It is situated on the river Werra, 20 km south of Suhl, and 25 km northwest of Coburg....
, 29 April 1763 – Jagdhaus Hummelshain, Altenburg
Altenburg
Altenburg is a town in the German federal state of Thuringia, 45 km south of Leipzig. It is the capital of the Altenburger Land district.-Geography:...
, 29 September 1834), was duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen
Saxe-Hildburghausen
Saxe-Hildburghausen was an Ernestine duchy in what is now southern Thuringia, Germany. Its territory was similar to that of the modern Hildburghausen district.-History:...
(1780–1826) and duke of Saxe-Altenburg
Saxe-Altenburg
Saxe-Altenburg was one of the Saxon duchies held by the Ernestine branch of the Wettin dynasty in present-day Thuringia.-History:The duchy originated from the medieval Burgraviate of Altenburg in the Imperial Pleissnerland , a possession of the Wettin Margraves of Meissen since 1243...
(1826–1834).
Biography
He was the youngest child, but only son, of Ernst Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen, by his third wife, Ernestine of Saxe-WeimarErnestine of Saxe-Weimar
Princess Ernestine Auguste Sophie of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach was a princess of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach and by marriage Duchess of Saxe-Hildburghausen.- Life :...
.
Succession
Frederick succeeded his father Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen in 1780, when only seventeen years old; because of this, his great-great-uncle, the prince Joseph of Saxe-Hildburghausen, assumed the regency on his behalf, this regency only ended in 1787 at the death of Prince Joseph.Until 1806 he was subject to the restrictions of the Imperial Debit Commission, which had placed the duchy of Saxe-Hildburghausen, because of his predecessors' dissolute financial policy, under official administration. In 1806 Frederick joined the Confederation of the Rhine
Confederation of the Rhine
The Confederation of the Rhine was a confederation of client states of the First French Empire. It was formed initially from 16 German states by Napoleon after he defeated Austria's Francis II and Russia's Alexander I in the Battle of Austerlitz. The Treaty of Pressburg, in effect, led to the...
, and in 1815 the German Confederation
German Confederation
The German Confederation was the loose association of Central European states created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to coordinate the economies of separate German-speaking countries. It acted as a buffer between the powerful states of Austria and Prussia...
, under whose guarantee he gave 1818 the duchy a new basic condition.
Marriage and issue
In HildburghausenHildburghausen
Hildburghausen is a town in Thuringia in central Germany, capital of the district Hildburghausen. It is situated on the river Werra, 20 km south of Suhl, and 25 km northwest of Coburg....
on 3 September 1785, Frederick married Duchess Charlotte Georgine of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Duchess Charlotte Georgine of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Duchess Charlotte Georgine Luise Friederike of Mecklenburg-Strelitz was a member of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and a Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz by birth and a member of the House of Saxe-Hildburghausen and Duchess consort of Saxe-Hildburghausen...
. They had twelve children:
- Joseph Georg Karl Frederick (b. Hildburghausen, 12 June 1786 - d. Hildburghausen, 30 July 1786).
- Katharina Charlotte Georgine Fredericka Sofie Therese (b. Hildburghausen, 17 June 1787 - d. Bamberg, 12 December 1847), married on 28 September 1805 to Prince Paul of WürttembergPrince Paul of WürttembergPrince Paul of Württemberg was a German prince and the fourth child and second son of Frederick I of Württemberg and Augusta of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.-Early life:...
. - Charlotte Auguste (b. and d. Hildburghausen, 29 July 1788).
- Joseph Georg Friedrich Ernst Karl, Duke of Saxe-AltenburgJoseph Georg Friedrich Ernst Karl, Duke of Saxe-AltenburgJoseph Georg Friedrich Ernst Karl, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg , was a duke of Saxe-Altenburg....
(b. Hildburghausen, 27 August 1789 - d. Altenburg, 25 November 1868). - Luise Fredericka Marie Caroline Auguste Christiane (b. Hildburghausen, 18 January 1791 - d. Hildburghausen, 25 March 1791).
- Therese Charlotte Luise Friederike AmalieTherese of Saxe-HildburghausenTherese Charlotte Luise of Saxony-Hildburghausen was a queen of Bavaria.She was a daughter of Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg, and Duchess Charlotte Georgine of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, eldest daughter of Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.-Biography:In 1809, she was on the list of...
(b. Hildburghausen, 8 July 1792 - d. Munich, 26 October 1854), married on 12 October 1810 to King Ludwig I of BavariaLudwig I of BavariaLudwig I was a German king of Bavaria from 1825 until the 1848 revolutions in the German states.-Crown prince:...
. - Charlotte Luise Fredericka Amalie AlexandrinePrincess Louise of Saxe-HildburghausenPrincess Charlotte Luise Friederike Amalie Alexandrine of Saxe-Hildburghausen, full German name: Charlotte Luise Friederike Amalie Alexandrine, Prinzessin von Sachsen-Hildburghausen was a member of the House of Saxe-Hildburghausen and a Princess of Saxe-Hildburghausen Princess Charlotte Luise...
(b. Hildburghausen, 28 January 1794 - d. Biebrich, 6 April 1825), married on 24 June 1814 to Wilhelm, Duke of Nassau. - Franz Frederick Karl Ludwig Georg Heinrich (b. Hildburghausen, 13 April 1795 - d. Hildburghausen, 28 May 1800).
- Georg, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg (b. Hildburghausen, 24 July 1796 - d. Hummelshain, 3 August 1853).
- Frederick Wilhelm Karl Joseph Ludwig Georg (b. Hildburghausen, 4 October 1801 - d. Altenburg, 1 July 1870).
- Maximilian Karl Adolf Heinrich (b. Hildburghausen, 19 February 1803 - d. Hildburghausen, 29 March 1803).
- Eduard Karl Wilhelm ChristianEduard of Saxe-AltenburgEduard Karl Wilhelm Christian of Saxe-Altenburg , was a German prince of the ducal house of Saxe-Hildburghausen .-Family:...
(b. Hildburghausen, 3 July 1804 - d. Munich, 16 May 1852).
Frederick was considered popular and intelligent. During his reign, along with his beautiful wife, Charlotte, cultural life in the small town reached its zenith. So many poets and artists spent their time there that Hildburghausen was nicknamed "Klein-Weimar" (Little Weimar). When the last duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg was a duchy ruled by the Ernestine branch of the House of Wettin in today's Thuringia, Germany.It was nominally created in 1672 when Frederick William III, the last duke of Saxe-Altenburg, died and Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha , inherited the major part of his possessions...
died without issue in 1825, the other branches of the house decided on a rearrangement of the Ernestine duchies
Ernestine duchies
The Ernestine duchies, also called the Saxon duchies , were a changing number of small states largely located in the present German state of Thuringia, governed by dukes of the Ernestine line of the House of Wettin.-Overview:The...
. On 12 November 1826, Frederick became Duke of Saxe-Altenburg, to which he gave a first Basic Law in the year 1831; in exchange, he ceded Saxe-Hildburghausen
Saxe-Hildburghausen
Saxe-Hildburghausen was an Ernestine duchy in what is now southern Thuringia, Germany. Its territory was similar to that of the modern Hildburghausen district.-History:...
to the Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
Saxe-Meiningen
The Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen was one of the Saxon duchies held by the Ernestine line of the Wettin dynasty, located in the southwest of the present-day German state of Thuringia....
.