Franz Xaver Schmid
Encyclopedia
Franz Xaver Schmid; name sometimes given as Franz Xaver Schmid-Schwarzenberg (October 22, 1819 - November 28, 1883) was an Austrian-German educator and philosopher who was born in Schwarzenberg am Böhmerwald
.
From 1840 to 1844 he studied Catholic theology in Salzburg
, receiving his doctorate of philosophy several years later (1850) in Freiburg im Breisgau. Afterwards he taught classes in history
and philosophy at the Lyceum
in Rastatt
. In 1856 he became a lecturer at the University of Erlangen, where he subsequently became an associate professor of philosophy and pedagogy
. During the 1850s, Schmid left the Catholic faith and embraced Protestantism
. He died in Munich
on November 28, 1883.
In 1871 at Erlangen he introduced the Verein für Volkserziehung, which was essentially a child care center aimed at providing education and supervision for young boys. Success of the project eventually led to similar institutions being set up in other Bavaria
n cities; Augsburg
(1878), Munich
(1881), Fürth
(1883) and Bamberg
(1884). Schmid was the author of numerous works on religious philosophy
and education; some of his better known publications are as follows:
Schwarzenberg am Böhmerwald
Schwarzenberg am Böhmerwald is a municipality in the district of Rohrbach in Upper Austria, Austria....
.
From 1840 to 1844 he studied Catholic theology in Salzburg
Salzburg
-Population development:In 1935, the population significantly increased when Salzburg absorbed adjacent municipalities. After World War II, numerous refugees found a new home in the city. New residential space was created for American soldiers of the postwar Occupation, and could be used for...
, receiving his doctorate of philosophy several years later (1850) in Freiburg im Breisgau. Afterwards he taught classes in history
History
History is the discovery, collection, organization, and presentation of information about past events. History can also mean the period of time after writing was invented. Scholars who write about history are called historians...
and philosophy at the Lyceum
Lyceum
The lyceum is a category of educational institution defined within the education system of many countries, mainly in Europe. The definition varies between countries; usually it is a type of secondary school.-History:...
in Rastatt
Rastatt
Rastatt is a city and baroque residence in the District of Rastatt, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is located on the Murg river, above its junction with the Rhine and has a population of around 50'000...
. In 1856 he became a lecturer at the University of Erlangen, where he subsequently became an associate professor of philosophy and pedagogy
Pedagogy
Pedagogy is the study of being a teacher or the process of teaching. The term generally refers to strategies of instruction, or a style of instruction....
. During the 1850s, Schmid left the Catholic faith and embraced Protestantism
Protestantism
Protestantism is one of the three major groupings within Christianity. It is a movement that began in Germany in the early 16th century as a reaction against medieval Roman Catholic doctrines and practices, especially in regards to salvation, justification, and ecclesiology.The doctrines of the...
. He died in Munich
Munich
Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
on November 28, 1883.
In 1871 at Erlangen he introduced the Verein für Volkserziehung, which was essentially a child care center aimed at providing education and supervision for young boys. Success of the project eventually led to similar institutions being set up in other Bavaria
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
n cities; Augsburg
Augsburg
Augsburg is a city in the south-west of Bavaria, Germany. It is a university town and home of the Regierungsbezirk Schwaben and the Bezirk Schwaben. Augsburg is an urban district and home to the institutions of the Landkreis Augsburg. It is, as of 2008, the third-largest city in Bavaria with a...
(1878), Munich
Munich
Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
(1881), Fürth
Fürth
The city of Fürth is located in northern Bavaria, Germany in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. It is now contiguous with the larger city of Nuremberg, the centres of the two cities being only 7 km apart....
(1883) and Bamberg
Bamberg
Bamberg is a city in Bavaria, Germany. It is located in Upper Franconia on the river Regnitz, close to its confluence with the river Main. Bamberg is one of the few cities in Germany that was not destroyed by World War II bombings because of a nearby Artillery Factory that prevented planes from...
(1884). Schmid was the author of numerous works on religious philosophy
Religious philosophy
Religious philosophy is philosophical thinking that is inspired and directed by religion. Depending on religion, there are different philosophies for each religion:*Buddhist philosophy*Christian philosophy*Hindu philosophy*Islamic philosophy...
and education; some of his better known publications are as follows:
- Christliche Religionsphilosophie (Christian PhilosophyChristian philosophyChristian philosophy may refer to any development in philosophy that is characterised by coming from a Christian tradition.- Origins of Christian philosophy :...
of Religion), (1857) - Philosophische pædagogik in Umrisse (Outline of Philosophical Pedagogy), (1858)
- René DescartesRené DescartesRené Descartes ; was a French philosopher and writer who spent most of his adult life in the Dutch Republic. He has been dubbed the 'Father of Modern Philosophy', and much subsequent Western philosophy is a response to his writings, which are studied closely to this day...
(1859) - Entwurf eines Systems der Philosophie auf pneumatologischer Grundlage (Design of a Philosophical System based on PneumatologyPneumatologyPneumatology is the study of spiritual beings and phenomena, especially the interactions between humans and God.Pneuma is Greek for "breath", which metaphorically describes a non-material being or influence....
), (1863-1868, 3 volumes) - Über Volkserziehung (Concerning Public EducationPublic educationState schools, also known in the United States and Canada as public schools,In much of the Commonwealth, including Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and the United Kingdom, the terms 'public education', 'public school' and 'independent school' are used for private schools, that is, schools...
) (1879) - Clytia, a paedagogische Novelle (Clythia, an Educational Novel), (1880)
- Sonnenblumenkerne, Denkverfe für deutsche Knaben ("Sunflower seeds", Denkverfe for German Boys), (1883)
- Catechism der Gerechtigkeit (CatechismCatechismA catechism , i.e. to indoctrinate) is a summary or exposition of doctrine, traditionally used in Christian religious teaching from New Testament times to the present...
of Justice), (1883)