Francisco Mariano Quiñones
Encyclopedia
Francisco Mariano Quiñones (1830 – September 13, 1908) was a proponent of the abolition of slavery
and of the self-determination of Puerto Rico.
, and at a young age developed his life-long love for literature
and journalism
. He was sent to Europe
where he attended private schools. After he finished his secondary education (high school), he went on to university studies in Germany
, France
, and New York
. When Quiñones returned to Puerto Rico in 1848, he went to work for the family business.
. Together with Segundo Ruiz Belvis
and Jose Julian Acosta
, he demanded the abolition of slavery in Puerto Rico and also protested over the injustices practiced by General Palacio in the island.
In 1887, Quiñones joined the Autonomist Party
headed by Luis Muñoz Rivera
. There were some disagreements between Marín and some of the members which led to a rupture in the party. Among those who abandoned the party were Quiñones and Jose Celso Barbosa
who went on to form the Orthodox Autonomist Party.
On February 10, 1898, Spain granted Puerto Rico the rights to self-determination, which was considered the first step towards independence. Quiñones was named President of Puerto Rico's first Cabinet by General Macias.
In 1898, after the Spanish-American War
when Puerto Rico became a territory of the United States
, Quiñones joined the Puerto Rican Republican Party founded by Jose Celso Barbosa
and which championed the idea of converting Puerto Rico into a state of the U.S.
. Quiñones was elected and served as a representative in Puerto Rico's Camara of Representatives in 1900 and 1902. Francisco Mariano Quiñones is buried in the City of San German, Puerto Rico
.
Slavery
Slavery is a system under which people are treated as property to be bought and sold, and are forced to work. Slaves can be held against their will from the time of their capture, purchase or birth, and deprived of the right to leave, to refuse to work, or to demand compensation...
and of the self-determination of Puerto Rico.
Early years
Quiñones was born into a wealthy family of landowners in San German, Puerto RicoSan Germán, Puerto Rico
San Germán is a municipality located in the southwestern region of Puerto Rico, south of Mayagüez and Maricao; north of Lajas; east of Hormigueros and Cabo Rojo; and west of Sabana Grande. San Germán is spread over 18 wards and San Germán Pueblo...
, and at a young age developed his life-long love for literature
Literature
Literature is the art of written works, and is not bound to published sources...
and journalism
Journalism
Journalism is the practice of investigation and reporting of events, issues and trends to a broad audience in a timely fashion. Though there are many variations of journalism, the ideal is to inform the intended audience. Along with covering organizations and institutions such as government and...
. He was sent to Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
where he attended private schools. After he finished his secondary education (high school), he went on to university studies in Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, and New York
New York
New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...
. When Quiñones returned to Puerto Rico in 1848, he went to work for the family business.
Abolitionist
In 1865, the Spanish Crown requested from the municipalities of Puerto Rico recommendations for new laws and Quiñones was elected representative for San German. In 1867 Quiñones represented Puerto Rico before the "Overseas Information Committee" meeting in SpainSpain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
. Together with Segundo Ruiz Belvis
Segundo Ruiz Belvis
Segundo Ruiz Belvis , was a dedicated abolitionist who also fought for Puerto Rico's right to independence.-Early years:...
and Jose Julian Acosta
José Julián Acosta
José Julián Acosta Calbo , born in San Juan, Puerto Rico, was a distinguished journalist and a fervent advocate of the abolition of slavery in Puerto Rico.-Early years:...
, he demanded the abolition of slavery in Puerto Rico and also protested over the injustices practiced by General Palacio in the island.
Politician
When Quiñones returned to the island, he joined the Puerto Rican Liberal Reformist Party and 1871 was elected as representative in front of the Spanish Courts. In Spain he continued his fight for the abolition of slavery.Autonomist Party
The Autonomist Party was a political party in the Dalmatian political scene, that existed for around 70 years of the nineteenth century and until World War I. Its goal was to maintain the autonomy of the Kingdom of Dalmatia within the Austro-Hungarian Empire, as opposed to the unification with the...
headed by Luis Muñoz Rivera
Luis Muñoz Rivera
Luis Muñoz Rivera was a Puerto Rican poet, journalist and politician. He was a major figure in the struggle for political autonomy of Puerto Rico....
. There were some disagreements between Marín and some of the members which led to a rupture in the party. Among those who abandoned the party were Quiñones and Jose Celso Barbosa
José Celso Barbosa
Dr. José Celso Barbosa was a medical Physician, sociologist, and political leader of Puerto Rico.Known within Puerto Rico's New Progressive Party as "The father of the Statehood for Puerto Rico movement", Barbosa was also the first Puerto Rican to be awarded an American medical degree.-Early...
who went on to form the Orthodox Autonomist Party.
On February 10, 1898, Spain granted Puerto Rico the rights to self-determination, which was considered the first step towards independence. Quiñones was named President of Puerto Rico's first Cabinet by General Macias.
In 1898, after the Spanish-American War
Spanish-American War
The Spanish–American War was a conflict in 1898 between Spain and the United States, effectively the result of American intervention in the ongoing Cuban War of Independence...
when Puerto Rico became a territory of the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, Quiñones joined the Puerto Rican Republican Party founded by Jose Celso Barbosa
José Celso Barbosa
Dr. José Celso Barbosa was a medical Physician, sociologist, and political leader of Puerto Rico.Known within Puerto Rico's New Progressive Party as "The father of the Statehood for Puerto Rico movement", Barbosa was also the first Puerto Rican to be awarded an American medical degree.-Early...
and which championed the idea of converting Puerto Rico into a state of the U.S.
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. Quiñones was elected and served as a representative in Puerto Rico's Camara of Representatives in 1900 and 1902. Francisco Mariano Quiñones is buried in the City of San German, Puerto Rico
San Germán, Puerto Rico
San Germán is a municipality located in the southwestern region of Puerto Rico, south of Mayagüez and Maricao; north of Lajas; east of Hormigueros and Cabo Rojo; and west of Sabana Grande. San Germán is spread over 18 wards and San Germán Pueblo...
.