Fiamma Tricolore
Encyclopedia
The Tricolour Flame Social Movement (Movimento Sociale Fiamma Tricolore, MS-FT), normally just Tricolour Flame, is a neo-fascist
Italian political party.
Italian Social Movement
, led by Pino Rauti
, who refused to join the mainstream national-conservative
National Alliance
. Rauti was later ousted by Luca Romagnoli
, who took the leadership.
In the 2004 European Parliamentary Election
the party gained enough votes in the Southern constituency to elect Mr. Romagnoli to the European Parliament
. The party was then a member of the House of Freedoms
coalition for the general elections of 2006.
In the coming of the 2008 general election
, Tricolour Flame formed a joint list called Tricolour Right with The Right
of Francesco Storace
, a splinter group of National Alliance, in support of the candidacy of Daniela Santanchè
, a moderate figure who was once close to the Italian Liberal Party
, for Prime Minister.
(RSI). The RSI is usually seen by the party as the example of what Fascism
should have been, in particular as an example of true welfare state. As a sign of this legacy, the party, for example, guarantees free membership for ex-RSI military. A press release from the Rome section of the party states:
Tricolur Flame maintains a fairly strong anti-capitalistic
stance, and it can be thought to be the Italian party closest to third positionist
ideology.
Recently Tricolour Flame has been peculiar, among Italian neo-fascist organizations, in actively trying to attract the young masses and renewing its political practices and communication techniques in a more modern, innovative fashion. Political manifests often tend towards attractive, modern graphics and clear-cut, even humorous slogans. Tricolour Flame is also very close to youth far-right organizations and initiatives, of which the most relevant is Casa Pound, a social centre
in Rome
.
The party is against the regionalism promoted by Lega Nord for an independent "Padania", instead Tricolour Flame wants a united Italy.
and connected to Blood and Honour
. Boccacci is the former leader of the Western Political Movement, a far-right skinhead organization based in Rome.
Neo-Fascism
Neo-fascism is a post–World War II ideology that includes significant elements of fascism. The term neo-fascist may apply to groups that express a specific admiration for Benito Mussolini and Italian Fascism or any other fascist leader/state...
Italian political party.
History
The party was started by the more radical members of the FascistFascism
Fascism is a radical authoritarian nationalist political ideology. Fascists seek to rejuvenate their nation based on commitment to the national community as an organic entity, in which individuals are bound together in national identity by suprapersonal connections of ancestry, culture, and blood...
Italian Social Movement
Italian Social Movement
The Italian Social Movement , and later the Italian Social Movement–National Right , was a neo-fascist and post-fascist political party in Italy. Formed in 1946 by supporters of former Italian dictator Benito Mussolini, the party became the fourth largest party in Italy by the early 1960s...
, led by Pino Rauti
Pino Rauti
Giuseppe Umberto "Pino" Rauti is an Italian politician who has been a leading figure on the far right for many years...
, who refused to join the mainstream national-conservative
National conservatism
National conservatism is a political term used primarily in Europe to describe a variant of conservatism which concentrates more on national interests than standard conservatism as well as upholding cultural and ethnic identity, while not being outspokenly nationalist or supporting a far-right...
National Alliance
National Alliance (Italy)
National Alliance was a conservative political party in Italy.Gianfranco Fini was the leader of the party since its foundation in 1995, however he stepped down in 2008 after being elected to the nominally non-partisan post of President of the Italian Chamber of Deputies and was succeeded by...
. Rauti was later ousted by Luca Romagnoli
Luca Romagnoli
Luca Romagnoli is an Italian politician and former Member of the European Parliament for Southern Italy with the neo-fascist party Fiamma Tricolore, being a Non-Inscrit in the European Parliament.He sat on its Committee on Transport and Tourism, and was a substitute for the Committee on...
, who took the leadership.
In the 2004 European Parliamentary Election
European Parliament election, 2004 (Italy)
Elections to the European Parliament were held in Italy on 12 and 13 June 2004. Italy's highly fragmented party system made it hard to identify an overall trend, but the results were generally seen as a defeat for Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi and a victory for the centre-left opposition...
the party gained enough votes in the Southern constituency to elect Mr. Romagnoli to the European Parliament
European Parliament
The European Parliament is the directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union . Together with the Council of the European Union and the Commission, it exercises the legislative function of the EU and it has been described as one of the most powerful legislatures in the world...
. The party was then a member of the House of Freedoms
House of Freedoms
The House of Freedoms , was a major Italian centre-right political and electoral alliance led by Silvio Berlusconi. It was initially composed of several political parties:*Forza Italia *National Alliance...
coalition for the general elections of 2006.
In the coming of the 2008 general election
Italian general election, 2008
A snap general election was held in Italy on 13 April and 14 April 2008. The election came after President Giorgio Napolitano dissolved parliament on 6 February 2008 following the defeat of the government of Prime Minister Romano Prodi in a January 2008 Senate vote, and the unsuccessful tentative...
, Tricolour Flame formed a joint list called Tricolour Right with The Right
The Right
The Right is a national-conservative political party in Italy.-Foundation:On 3 July 2007 Storace announced his resignation from National Alliance in a letter posted on his website, claiming that it had become too centrist and moderate and in protest against the lack of internal democracy in the...
of Francesco Storace
Francesco Storace
Francesco Storace is an Italian politician.He began his career at the right-wing newspaper Il Secolo d'Italia, until entering the ranks of the Italian Social Movement and later of National Alliance . He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies for the first time in 1994...
, a splinter group of National Alliance, in support of the candidacy of Daniela Santanchè
Daniela Santanchè
Daniela Garnero Santanché is an Italian entrepreneur and a politician. She was Undersecretary to the Minister of Platform Accomplishment from 2010 to 2011 during Berlusconi IV Cabinet.-Studies and personal life:...
, a moderate figure who was once close to the Italian Liberal Party
Italian Liberal Party
The Italian Liberal Party was a liberal political party in Italy.-Origins:The origins of liberalism in Italy came from the so-called "Historical Right", a parliamentary group formed by Camillo Benso di Cavour in the Parliament of the Kingdom of Sardinia following the 1848 revolution...
, for Prime Minister.
Ideology
Tricolour Flame is the Italian far-right party most closely tied to the legacy of Italian Social RepublicItalian Social Republic
The Italian Social Republic was a puppet state of Nazi Germany led by the "Duce of the Nation" and "Minister of Foreign Affairs" Benito Mussolini and his Republican Fascist Party. The RSI exercised nominal sovereignty in northern Italy but was largely dependent on the Wehrmacht to maintain control...
(RSI). The RSI is usually seen by the party as the example of what Fascism
Fascism
Fascism is a radical authoritarian nationalist political ideology. Fascists seek to rejuvenate their nation based on commitment to the national community as an organic entity, in which individuals are bound together in national identity by suprapersonal connections of ancestry, culture, and blood...
should have been, in particular as an example of true welfare state. As a sign of this legacy, the party, for example, guarantees free membership for ex-RSI military. A press release from the Rome section of the party states:
Tricolur Flame maintains a fairly strong anti-capitalistic
Anti-capitalism
Anti-capitalism describes a wide variety of movements, ideas, and attitudes which oppose capitalism. Anti-capitalists, in the strict sense of the word, are those who wish to completely replace capitalism with another system....
stance, and it can be thought to be the Italian party closest to third positionist
Third Position
Third Position is a revolutionary nationalist political ideology that emphasizes its opposition to both communism and capitalism. Advocates of Third Position politics typically present themselves as "beyond left and right", instead claiming to syncretize radical ideas from both ends of the...
ideology.
Recently Tricolour Flame has been peculiar, among Italian neo-fascist organizations, in actively trying to attract the young masses and renewing its political practices and communication techniques in a more modern, innovative fashion. Political manifests often tend towards attractive, modern graphics and clear-cut, even humorous slogans. Tricolour Flame is also very close to youth far-right organizations and initiatives, of which the most relevant is Casa Pound, a social centre
Social center
Social centers are community spaces. They are buildings which are used for a range of disparate activities, which can be linked only by virtue of being not-for-profit. They might be organizing centers for local activities or they might provide support networks for minority groups such as prisoners...
in Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
.
The party is against the regionalism promoted by Lega Nord for an independent "Padania", instead Tricolour Flame wants a united Italy.
Membership
Among the more controversial members of Tricolur Flame are Pietro Puschiavo and Maurizio Boccacci. In 1985 Puschiavo was a founding member of the Veneto Skinheads Front, a far-right skinhead group based in VenetoVeneto
Veneto is one of the 20 regions of Italy. Its population is about 5 million, ranking 5th in Italy.Veneto had been for more than a millennium an independent state, the Republic of Venice, until it was eventually annexed by Italy in 1866 after brief Austrian and French rule...
and connected to Blood and Honour
Blood and Honour
Blood & Honour is a neo-Nazi music promotion network and political group founded in 1987 with links to Combat 18 and composed of white power skinheads and other white nationalists....
. Boccacci is the former leader of the Western Political Movement, a far-right skinhead organization based in Rome.
Leadership
- Secretary: Pino RautiPino RautiGiuseppe Umberto "Pino" Rauti is an Italian politician who has been a leading figure on the far right for many years...
(1994–2002), Luca RomagnoliLuca RomagnoliLuca Romagnoli is an Italian politician and former Member of the European Parliament for Southern Italy with the neo-fascist party Fiamma Tricolore, being a Non-Inscrit in the European Parliament.He sat on its Committee on Transport and Tourism, and was a substitute for the Committee on...
(2002–present)- Deputy Secretary: Roberto Bevilacqua (2002–present)
- President: Pino RautiPino RautiGiuseppe Umberto "Pino" Rauti is an Italian politician who has been a leading figure on the far right for many years...
(2002–2004), Rocco Tauro (2004–present)