Ferme castrale of Hermalle-sous-Huy
Encyclopedia
The "ferme castrale" of Hermalle-sous-Huy, located near the Meuse between Huy
and liège
(Belgium
), is the old farm of the castle of Hermalle and dates from 1642. Since the 1990s it has become a center of culture and tourism based on food and drink history.
of Holy Roman Empire
Conrad d'Ursel, owner of the Castle of Hermalle, renovated and expanded his property.
He gave it a gatehouse
entrance with an arched portal, surmounted by a tufa
loggia
dated 1642, that can be accessed by crossing a bridge with three arches overlooking the moat, then crossing a drawbridge
.
The entrance leads to a vast space enclosed by a wall marked with corner towers at three levels.
Within this space, on the east side, the count build a main building containing dwellings for the farmer and his staff, and stables, pigsties, etc. topped with haylofts.
Also in the enclosure, at the southeast corner, a curved portal opens into a large barn "in deep". In its southern extension, two stables are built with arches of intersecting arches falling on square monolithic pillars.
In the eighteenth century an additional wing was built that separates the yard from the front courtyard of the castle. The building thus became a "square farm", a traditional structure of farms in Condroz
and Hesbaye
.
In the early nineteenth century, the farm, despite its large size, proved too small and required extension. More space was created in the barn by the building of another floor. In addition, the east wing was doubled in width, beyond the wall, along its entire length - except at the location of a small graveyard. The farm was permanently isolated from the forecourt of the castle by a wall and a half turret built at the end of the west wing.
The stone frames of openings differ depending on the period of construction ; some door lintels were also changed in the nineteenth century for the sake of aesthetics.
The slate hip roof with gable is planted on slopes overlooking the courtyard, with dormer windows.
The facades visible from the street are all different:
The exterior of the eighteenth century West wing, overlooking the front courtyard of the castle (private) is not available and was hidden in the nineteenth century by the building of a wall with trompe-l'œil.
Purchased in late 1990 by a cooperative of individuals, a renovation was begun that is not yet complete.
In September 1991, the barn - with one of the most beautiful structures of the province - was opened for the first time to the public for the European Heritage Days
. The place and the exhibition shown, "Old culinary heritage in private collections", received an appreciative audience that influenced the future of the building. A nonprofit organization was created two years later and developed over the years, helping with architectural restoration, and establishing a culture and tourism project based on food and drink history.
In the farm are the Gourmet Museum and Library
, the Museum "Postes restantes" (history of the Poste and the script), the local Tourist information office, a tavern with old (since 5th century) and terroir
cuisine
and a bookstore. The old main building is a private home ; the old place for manure is become a small garden.
On October 7, 2008, the municipal council Engis voted unanimously for classification to the Walloon Region and the application for registration of the building on the backup list.
The farm was added to the conservation list of the Walloon Region on 27 April 2009.
Huy
Huy is a municipality of Belgium. It lies in the country's Walloon Region and Province of Liege. Huy lies along the river Meuse, at the mouth of the small river Hoyoux. It is in the sillon industriel, the former industrial backbone of Wallonia, home to about two-thirds of the Walloon population...
and liège
Liège
Liège is a major city and municipality of Belgium located in the province of Liège, of which it is the economic capital, in Wallonia, the French-speaking region of Belgium....
(Belgium
Belgium
Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
), is the old farm of the castle of Hermalle and dates from 1642. Since the 1990s it has become a center of culture and tourism based on food and drink history.
Origin and evolution of the building
In the seventeenth century, the countCount
A count or countess is an aristocratic nobleman in European countries. The word count came into English from the French comte, itself from Latin comes—in its accusative comitem—meaning "companion", and later "companion of the emperor, delegate of the emperor". The adjective form of the word is...
of Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
Conrad d'Ursel, owner of the Castle of Hermalle, renovated and expanded his property.
He gave it a gatehouse
Gatehouse
A gatehouse, in architectural terminology, is a building enclosing or accompanying a gateway for a castle, manor house, fort, town or similar buildings of importance.-History:...
entrance with an arched portal, surmounted by a tufa
Tufa
Tufa is a variety of limestone, formed by the precipitation of carbonate minerals from ambient temperature water bodies. Geothermally heated hot-springs sometimes produce similar carbonate deposits known as travertine...
loggia
Loggia
Loggia is the name given to an architectural feature, originally of Minoan design. They are often a gallery or corridor at ground level, sometimes higher, on the facade of a building and open to the air on one side, where it is supported by columns or pierced openings in the wall...
dated 1642, that can be accessed by crossing a bridge with three arches overlooking the moat, then crossing a drawbridge
Drawbridge
A drawbridge is a type of movable bridge typically associated with the entrance of a castle surrounded by a moat. The term is often used to describe all different types of movable bridges, like bascule bridges and lift bridges.-Castle drawbridges:...
.
The entrance leads to a vast space enclosed by a wall marked with corner towers at three levels.
Within this space, on the east side, the count build a main building containing dwellings for the farmer and his staff, and stables, pigsties, etc. topped with haylofts.
Also in the enclosure, at the southeast corner, a curved portal opens into a large barn "in deep". In its southern extension, two stables are built with arches of intersecting arches falling on square monolithic pillars.
In the eighteenth century an additional wing was built that separates the yard from the front courtyard of the castle. The building thus became a "square farm", a traditional structure of farms in Condroz
Condroz
The Condroz is a region in the center of Wallonia and in the south of Belgium. Its unofficial capital is Ciney....
and Hesbaye
Hesbaye
Hesbaye or Haspengouw , is a region spanning the south of the Belgian province of Limburg, the east of the Belgian provinces of Flemish Brabant and Walloon Brabant, and the northwestern part of the province of Liège.The Limburgish portion contains the cities of Tongeren, Sint-Truiden, Bilzen and...
.
In the early nineteenth century, the farm, despite its large size, proved too small and required extension. More space was created in the barn by the building of another floor. In addition, the east wing was doubled in width, beyond the wall, along its entire length - except at the location of a small graveyard. The farm was permanently isolated from the forecourt of the castle by a wall and a half turret built at the end of the west wing.
Architectural features
The exterior walls are brick on a sandstone and limestone dado.The stone frames of openings differ depending on the period of construction ; some door lintels were also changed in the nineteenth century for the sake of aesthetics.
The slate hip roof with gable is planted on slopes overlooking the courtyard, with dormer windows.
The facades visible from the street are all different:
- North (street Gerée), the facade has elements of the seventeenth century - including the rebate of the deck of the drawbridge, the portal amounts to harp and loggia - from the eighteenth century and nineteenth century for the openings.
- In the east alley near the church Saint-Martin, it notes, following the expansion of the building, industrial architecture.
- South (road Freddy Terwagne), it is partially hidden by a high perimeter wall in the nineteenth century opened by a door dated 1641 and carved with the arms of Count d'Ursel - where the public enters.
The exterior of the eighteenth century West wing, overlooking the front courtyard of the castle (private) is not available and was hidden in the nineteenth century by the building of a wall with trompe-l'œil.
New use
In the last quarter of the twentieth century, following the cessation of farming, the farm was neglected and sold by its owners at the time, the Potesta family who have gradually dismembered the field lord.Purchased in late 1990 by a cooperative of individuals, a renovation was begun that is not yet complete.
In September 1991, the barn - with one of the most beautiful structures of the province - was opened for the first time to the public for the European Heritage Days
European Heritage Days
European Heritage Days is a joint action of the Council of Europe and the European Commission involving all 50 signatory states of the European Cultural Convention under the motto, Europe: a common heritage. The annual programme offers opportunities to visit buildings, monuments and sites, many of...
. The place and the exhibition shown, "Old culinary heritage in private collections", received an appreciative audience that influenced the future of the building. A nonprofit organization was created two years later and developed over the years, helping with architectural restoration, and establishing a culture and tourism project based on food and drink history.
In the farm are the Gourmet Museum and Library
Gourmet Museum and Library
The Gourmet Museum and Library is a museum dedicated to the history of gastronomy, located in Hermalle-sous-Huy, province of Liège, Belgium.-Library:...
, the Museum "Postes restantes" (history of the Poste and the script), the local Tourist information office, a tavern with old (since 5th century) and terroir
Terroir
Terroir comes from the word terre "land". It was originally a French term in wine, coffee and tea used to denote the special characteristics that the geography, geology and climate of a certain place bestowed upon particular varieties...
cuisine
Cuisine
Cuisine is a characteristic style of cooking practices and traditions, often associated with a specific culture. Cuisines are often named after the geographic areas or regions that they originate from...
and a bookstore. The old main building is a private home ; the old place for manure is become a small garden.
Natural Heritage
Two trees are listed by the Walloon Region on the site:- A Sequoiadendron giganteum in the old filled moat which extends along the wall of the old cemetery.
- An Acer pseudoplatanus, known as "Tree of the Hanged-drowned man", at the edge of the moat, between the farm and the castle.
Classification as a historical monument
The classification of the building by the Walloon Region in 2006 was denied; a new application was made in early summer 2008, and a petition of support was opened on July 31, 2008. The petition has gathered 1118 signatures, from the Walloon Region, but also from the Brussels-Capital Region, the Flemish Region, France, Germany, Canada, Netherlands, and the USA. The press reported the information.On October 7, 2008, the municipal council Engis voted unanimously for classification to the Walloon Region and the application for registration of the building on the backup list.
The farm was added to the conservation list of the Walloon Region on 27 April 2009.