Etzel Cardeña
Encyclopedia
Etzel Cardeña is Thorsen Professor of Psychology (including parapsychology
and hypnosis
) at Lund University
, Sweden where he is Director of the Centre for Research on Consciousness and Anomalous Psychology (CERCAP). A native of Mexico
, Cardeña studied at the Universidad Iberoamericana
in México and completed an MA in clinical psychology at York University in Toronto, Canada and an MA and PhD in Personality Psychology at the University of California, Davis
. His doctoral thesis under the supervision of Charles Tart
was on the phenomenology of deep states of hypnosis. He subsequently went on to do post-doctoral work in the area of dissociation
and hypnosis
at Stanford University
under David Spiegel
. Cardeña has held academic posts at Trinity College, Hartford and the University of Texas–Pan American
. He has served as President of the Society of Psychological Hypnosis (APA Division 30)and the Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis.
Cardeña was President of the Parapsychological Association for the year 2008-2009 and has often expressed strong views in favour of the reality of paranormal
phenomena. In a series of interviews with Swedish Newspapers he has said that there is clear evidence for telepathy
, psychokinesis
and precognition
and that he himself has been involved in such psychic
experiences. His edited book Varieties of Anomalous Experience: Examining the Scientific Evidence published in 2000 is a scholarly volume on anomalous experiences.
In addition to his professional work in psychology Etzel Cardeña has worked in theatre as a director, actor and playwright in Mexico, the USA and Sweden. He did graduate studies in theatre at the University of California, Davis
.
Parapsychology
The term parapsychology was coined in or around 1889 by philosopher Max Dessoir, and originates from para meaning "alongside", and psychology. The term was adopted by J.B. Rhine in the 1930s as a replacement for the term psychical research...
and hypnosis
Hypnosis
Hypnosis is "a trance state characterized by extreme suggestibility, relaxation and heightened imagination."It is a mental state or imaginative role-enactment . It is usually induced by a procedure known as a hypnotic induction, which is commonly composed of a long series of preliminary...
) at Lund University
Lund University
Lund University , located in the city of Lund in the province of Scania, Sweden, is one of northern Europe's most prestigious universities and one of Scandinavia's largest institutions for education and research, frequently ranked among the world's top 100 universities...
, Sweden where he is Director of the Centre for Research on Consciousness and Anomalous Psychology (CERCAP). A native of Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
, Cardeña studied at the Universidad Iberoamericana
Universidad Iberoamericana
The Ibero-American University is a Mexican private institution of higher education sponsored by the Society of Jesus...
in México and completed an MA in clinical psychology at York University in Toronto, Canada and an MA and PhD in Personality Psychology at the University of California, Davis
University of California, Davis
The University of California, Davis is a public teaching and research university established in 1905 and located in Davis, California, USA. Spanning over , the campus is the largest within the University of California system and third largest by enrollment...
. His doctoral thesis under the supervision of Charles Tart
Charles Tart
Dr. Charles T. Tart is an American psychologist and parapsychologist known for his psychological work on the nature of consciousness , as one of the founders of the field of transpersonal psychology, and for his research in scientific parapsychology. He earned his Ph. D...
was on the phenomenology of deep states of hypnosis. He subsequently went on to do post-doctoral work in the area of dissociation
Dissociation
Dissociation is an altered state of consciousness characterized by partial or complete disruption of the normal integration of a person’s normal conscious or psychological functioning. Dissociation is most commonly experienced as a subjective perception of one's consciousness being detached from...
and hypnosis
Hypnosis
Hypnosis is "a trance state characterized by extreme suggestibility, relaxation and heightened imagination."It is a mental state or imaginative role-enactment . It is usually induced by a procedure known as a hypnotic induction, which is commonly composed of a long series of preliminary...
at Stanford University
Stanford University
The Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly referred to as Stanford University or Stanford, is a private research university on an campus located near Palo Alto, California. It is situated in the northwestern Santa Clara Valley on the San Francisco Peninsula, approximately northwest of San...
under David Spiegel
David Spiegel
David Spiegel, M.D., is Associate Chair of Psychiatry at Stanford University, where he is known for his research into breast cancer. He directs the Stanford Center on Stress and Health and is "one of the nation's most respected experts in the clinical uses of hypnosis".David Spiegel is the son of...
. Cardeña has held academic posts at Trinity College, Hartford and the University of Texas–Pan American
University of Texas–Pan American
The University of Texas–Pan American , founded as Edinberg College, is a state university located in Edinburg, Texas. Founded in 1927, it is a component institution of The University of Texas System. The university serves the Rio Grande Valley and South Texas with baccalaureate,...
. He has served as President of the Society of Psychological Hypnosis (APA Division 30)and the Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis.
Cardeña was President of the Parapsychological Association for the year 2008-2009 and has often expressed strong views in favour of the reality of paranormal
Paranormal
Paranormal is a general term that designates experiences that lie outside "the range of normal experience or scientific explanation" or that indicates phenomena understood to be outside of science's current ability to explain or measure...
phenomena. In a series of interviews with Swedish Newspapers he has said that there is clear evidence for telepathy
Telepathy
Telepathy , is the induction of mental states from one mind to another. The term was coined in 1882 by the classical scholar Fredric W. H. Myers, a founder of the Society for Psychical Research, and has remained more popular than the more-correct expression thought-transference...
, psychokinesis
Psychokinesis
The term psychokinesis , also referred to as telekinesis with respect to strictly describing movement of matter, sometimes abbreviated PK and TK respectively, is a term...
and precognition
Precognition
In parapsychology, precognition , also called future sight, and second sight, is a type of extrasensory perception that would involve the acquisition or effect of future information that cannot be deduced from presently available and normally acquired sense-based information or laws of physics...
and that he himself has been involved in such psychic
Psychic
A psychic is a person who professes an ability to perceive information hidden from the normal senses through extrasensory perception , or is said by others to have such abilities. It is also used to describe theatrical performers who use techniques such as prestidigitation, cold reading, and hot...
experiences. His edited book Varieties of Anomalous Experience: Examining the Scientific Evidence published in 2000 is a scholarly volume on anomalous experiences.
In addition to his professional work in psychology Etzel Cardeña has worked in theatre as a director, actor and playwright in Mexico, the USA and Sweden. He did graduate studies in theatre at the University of California, Davis
University of California, Davis
The University of California, Davis is a public teaching and research university established in 1905 and located in Davis, California, USA. Spanning over , the campus is the largest within the University of California system and third largest by enrollment...
.
Books
- Cardeña, E., & Croyle, K. (Eds.) (2005). Acute reactions to trauma and psychotherapy: A multidisciplinary and international perspective. New York: Haworth Press. Also published as special issue of the Journal of Trauma and Dissociation, 6(2).
- Cardeña, E., Lynn, S. J., & Krippner, S. (Eds.). (2000). Varieties of anomalous experience: Examining the scientific evidence. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
- Kirsch, I., Capafons, A., Cardeña, E., & Amigó, S. (Eds.) (1999). Clinical hypnosis and self-regulation therapy: A cognitive-behavioral perspective. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Awards
- Distinguished Scientific Contributions to Hypnosis, Society of Psychological Hypnosis (Division 30 of APA), 2007.
- College of Social and Behavioral Sciences Award for Excellence in Research, University of Texas-Pan American, 2004.
- Morton Prince Award for cumulative contribution to research on dissociative disorders,International Society for the Study of Dissociation (ISSD),1999.
- Early career achievement award Division 30 (Psychological Hypnosis), American Psychological AssociationAmerican Psychological AssociationThe American Psychological Association is the largest scientific and professional organization of psychologists in the United States. It is the world's largest association of psychologists with around 154,000 members including scientists, educators, clinicians, consultants and students. The APA...
,1995.