Esper
Encyclopedia
An esper refers to an individual capable of telepathy
Telepathy
Telepathy , is the induction of mental states from one mind to another. The term was coined in 1882 by the classical scholar Fredric W. H. Myers, a founder of the Society for Psychical Research, and has remained more popular than the more-correct expression thought-transference...

 and other similar paranormal
Paranormal
Paranormal is a general term that designates experiences that lie outside "the range of normal experience or scientific explanation" or that indicates phenomena understood to be outside of science's current ability to explain or measure...

 abilities. The term was apparently coined by Alfred Bester
Alfred Bester
Alfred Bester was an American science fiction author, TV and radio scriptwriter, magazine editor and scripter for comic strips and comic books...

 in his 1950 short story "Oddy and Id" and is derived from the abbreviation ESP for extrasensory perception.

Esper in science fiction

In Alfred Bester
Alfred Bester
Alfred Bester was an American science fiction author, TV and radio scriptwriter, magazine editor and scripter for comic strips and comic books...

's novel "The Demolished Man", many of the main characters are espers.

In Ridley Scott
Ridley Scott
Sir Ridley Scott is an English film director and producer. His most famous films include The Duellists , Alien , Blade Runner , Legend , Thelma & Louise , G. I...

's Blade Runner
Blade Runner
Blade Runner is a 1982 American science fiction film directed by Ridley Scott and starring Harrison Ford, Rutger Hauer, and Sean Young. The screenplay, written by Hampton Fancher and David Peoples, is loosely based on the novel Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? by Philip K...

, there is a scene featuring a device called an "ESPER" which is used to manipulate photographs.

In the comic book series Espers by writer James D. Hudnall
James D. Hudnall
James David Hudnall is an American writer who began his career in the comic book field in 1986 with the series Espers, published by Eclipse Comics. He later worked for Marvel and DC on such titles as Alpha Flight, Strikeforce: Morituri, and his own creation Interface, which was a sequel to Espers...

 and various artists. It debuted in 1986 and has been since published by Eclipse Comics
Eclipse Comics
Eclipse Comics was an American comic book publisher, one of several independent publishers during the 1980s and early 1990s. In 1978, it published the first graphic novel intended for the newly created comic book specialty store market...

, Marvel Epic and Image Comics
Image Comics
Image Comics is a United States comic book publisher. It was founded in 1992 by high-profile illustrators as a venue where creators could publish their material without giving up the copyrights to the characters they created, as creator-owned properties. It was immediately successful, and remains...

. The Espers are a team of people with various psychic powers who fight a global conspiracy. The comic is similar to the TV show Heroes (TV series)
Heroes (TV series)
Heroes is an American science fiction television drama series created by Tim Kring that appeared on NBC for four seasons from September 25, 2006 through February 8, 2010. The series tells the stories of ordinary people who discover superhuman abilities, and how these abilities take effect in the...

, but precedes it by two decades.

Pow!
Pow!
Pow! was a weekly British comic published by Odhams Press in 1967 and 1968 from their headquarters at 64 Long Acre, London. Part of their Power Comics imprint, it was printed on newsprint stock, in black-and-white except for its colour front and back covers, and initially comprised 28 pages.Pow!...

, a British comic magazine featured the Esper Commandos, a group of powerful psychics secretly working for the British government, in their 1971 annual.

In Simon R Green's Deathstalker series
Deathstalker (series)
The Deathstalker series of science fiction novels, by British author Simon R. Green, was written during the 1990s and early 2000s. Although referred to by a single name, the series consists of two major episodes , and other associated novels providing a backstory to the characters and events of the...

, espers are a strain of humans with psychic powers.

In LRA Studios Pictures short-movie Espers, Espers are beings that look just like humans, except that they 1) have their names coded onto their right-arm and 2) are born with all kinds of powers (one specific power, though, exceeds them all). However, any power an Esper has can be stolen from him if he is killed by another Esper. Mimicry Espers, on the other hand, don't have to kill to possess another Esper's power(s). They only need to touch the Esper of interest to do so — but Mimicry Espers are a near-extinct race with only one still surviving on Earth
Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun, and the densest and fifth-largest of the eight planets in the Solar System. It is also the largest of the Solar System's four terrestrial planets...

. Espers are apparently from a planet called Esper. The Espers in the movie show a random assortment of powers like Telepathy
Telepathy
Telepathy , is the induction of mental states from one mind to another. The term was coined in 1882 by the classical scholar Fredric W. H. Myers, a founder of the Society for Psychical Research, and has remained more popular than the more-correct expression thought-transference...

, Telekinesis & Teleportation
Teleportation
Teleportation is the fictional or imagined process by which matter is instantaneously transferred from one place to another.Teleportation may also refer to:*Quantum teleportation, a method of transmitting quantum data...

, but it is hinted that they have many more powers.

Esper in games

Espers have appeared sporadically in science-fiction games from fairly early on, more often given its actual name in these than in most other sci-fi sources. One especially remarkable case is the Avalon Hill
Avalon Hill
Avalon Hill was a game company that specialized in wargames and strategic board games. Its logo contained its initials "AH", and it was often referred to by this abbreviation. It also published the occasional miniature wargaming rules, role-playing game, and had a popular line of sports simulations...

 board game
Board game
A board game is a game which involves counters or pieces being moved on a pre-marked surface or "board", according to a set of rules. Games may be based on pure strategy, chance or a mixture of the two, and usually have a goal which a player aims to achieve...

 (later adapted to computer systems) Star Command, in which characters formally called Espers are available as support troops in infantry squads, and have abilities more or less matching the parapsychological theories of what an esper would be capable of.

Since the first installment in 1987, Espers have been a recurring group in Sega
Sega
, usually styled as SEGA, is a multinational video game software developer and an arcade software and hardware development company headquartered in Ōta, Tokyo, Japan, with various offices around the world...

's Phantasy Star series
Phantasy Star series
is a series of console role-playing video games and other supplementary media created by Sega. The original game debuted in 1987 on the Sega Master System with Phantasy Star, and continues into the present with Phantasy Star Universe, Sega's foray into the realm of MMORPGs...

; Part 1
Phantasy Star
is the first installment in Sega's renowned series of the same name. It was released for the Sega Master System in Japan on December 20, 1987, and then in North America and Europe in 1988. It is considered one of the pioneers amongst console role-playing games, both for its advanced graphics...

, 2
Phantasy Star II
Phantasy Star II is a console role-playing video game developed by Sega AM7 and released for the Sega Mega Drive in Japan in 1989. It was also released for the Mega Drive in Europe and the Genesis in America in 1990...

 and 4
Phantasy Star IV: The End of the Millennium
is a console roleplaying game released in 1993 for the Mega Drive in Japan and in 1995 for the Sega Genesis in North America. It is the fourth and final game in the original Phantasy Star series, concluding the story of the Algol Star System...

 all featured important, sometimes playable Esper characters; the most notable being the character Lutz.

The term is used differently in the English release of Square Co.
Square Co.
was a Japanese video game company founded in September 1983 by Masafumi Miyamoto. It merged with Enix in 2003 and became part of Square Enix...

 Super Nintendo
Super Nintendo Entertainment System
The Super Nintendo Entertainment System is a 16-bit video game console that was released by Nintendo in North America, Europe, Australasia , and South America between 1990 and 1993. In Japan and Southeast Asia, the system is called the , or SFC for short...

 RPG Final Fantasy VI
Final Fantasy VI
is a role-playing video game developed and published by Square , released in 1994 for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System as a part of the Final Fantasy series. Set in a fantasy world with a technology level equivalent to that of the Second Industrial Revolution, the game's story focuses on a...

(released as Final Fantasy III in North America), in which beings called "Espers" are essentially demigod
Demigod
The term "demigod" , meaning "half-god", is commonly used to describe mythological figures whose one parent was a god and whose other parent was human; as such, demigods are human-god hybrids...

s who wield magical
Magic (gaming)
Some role-playing games or game systems can include a set of rules that are used to portray magic in the paranormal sense. These rules simulate the effects that magic would have within the game context, according to how the game designer intended the magic to be portrayed...

 abilities, and can be killed to allow these abilities to be transferred to humans. In the original Japanese version of the game, these creatures were known as 幻獣, (げんじゅう, genjū) which translates roughly into English as "phantom beast." The English translator of the game, Ted Woolsey
Ted Woolsey
Ted Woolsey is an American video game translator and producer. He had the primary role in the North American production and localization of Square's role-playing games during the SNES era between 1991 and 1996.-Square:...

, sought to find a word which he felt conveyed the same meaning with as few letters as possible; the English text files for the game were essentially expanded versions of the Japanese text files, taking up far more memory space than was available. In the end, he chose the word Esper. For more information regarding Espers in Final Fantasy VI, see Summon Magic. Espers also appear in Final Fantasy XII
Final Fantasy XII
is a console role-playing video game developed and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation 2. Released in 2006, it is the twelfth title in the Final Fantasy series and the last in the series to be released exclusively on the PlayStation platform...

as disgraced deities
Deity
A deity is a recognized preternatural or supernatural immortal being, who may be thought of as holy, divine, or sacred, held in high regard, and respected by believers....

 and seraph
Seraph
A seraph is a type of celestial being in Judaism and Christianity...

s, banished from the heavens due to acts of rebellion, corruption and the desire to destroy life. There are a total of thirteen Espers appearing in the game: one for each sign of the astrological zodiac
Zodiac
In astronomy, the zodiac is a circle of twelve 30° divisions of celestial longitude which are centred upon the ecliptic: the apparent path of the Sun across the celestial sphere over the course of the year...

, and the thirteenth; Serpentarius
Ophiuchus
Ophiuchus is a large constellation located around the celestial equator. Its name is from the Greek "serpent-bearer", and it is commonly represented as a man grasping the snake that is represented by the constellation Serpens. Ophiuchus was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century...

. In Final Fantasy XIII a similar role is fulfilled by "Eidolons," which use more of a "guardian-angel" mechanic for a character after being defeated.

The Psychic type of the Pokémon
Pokémon
is a media franchise published and owned by the video game company Nintendo and created by Satoshi Tajiri in 1996. Originally released as a pair of interlinkable Game Boy role-playing video games developed by Game Freak, Pokémon has since become the second most successful and lucrative video...

franchise is referred to as the "Esper type" in Japanese versions. The psychic form of Eevee
Eevee
is a Pokémon species in Nintendo and Game Freak's Pokémon franchise. Created by Ken Sugimori, Eevee first appeared in the video games Pokémon Red and Blue and subsequent sequels...

 is called Espeon; this is also a reference to ESP (Eon is the suffix for all of Eevee's evolutions). In the popular Pokémon
Pokémon
is a media franchise published and owned by the video game company Nintendo and created by Satoshi Tajiri in 1996. Originally released as a pair of interlinkable Game Boy role-playing video games developed by Game Freak, Pokémon has since become the second most successful and lucrative video...

 games, the psychic type gym leader, Sabrina of Saffron city and Elite four member, Will are known to be espers.

Espers are also present in Yu-Gi-Oh!
Yu-Gi-Oh!
is a Japanese manga created by Kazuki Takahashi. It has produced a franchise that includes multiple anime shows, a trading card game and numerous video games...

Following in the line of Cybers (Cyber Dragon representing the Chinese dragon
Chinese dragon
Chinese dragons are legendary creatures in Chinese mythology and folklore, with mythic counterparts among Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, Bhutanese, Western and Turkic dragons. In Chinese art, dragons are typically portrayed as long, scaled, serpentine creatures with four legs...

, Cyber Phoenix representing the Fenghuang
Fenghuang
Fenghuang are mythological birds of East Asia that reign over all other birds. The males are called Feng and the females Huang. In modern times, however, such a distinction of gender is often no longer made and the Feng and Huang are blurred into a single feminine entity so that the bird can be...

, and Cyber Kirin representing the Qilin
Qilin
The Qilin is a mythical hooved Chinese chimerical creature known throughout various East Asian cultures, and is said to appear with the imminent arrival or passing of a wise sage or an illustrious ruler. It is a good omen that brings rui . It is often depicted with what looks like fire all over...

), a monster named Cyber Esper exists that has a telepathic ability to see the opponent's cards whenever they're drawn. Esper Roba is a character in the Yu-Gi-Oh series.

In the Accolade game Star Control 2, there are events where crewmen with "high esper ratings" react in interesting ways.

The Xbox game Phantom Dust
Phantom Dust
is a video game for the Xbox console. It was developed by Microsoft Game Studios and licensed for release in the U.S. by Majesco. Phantom Dust is a pseudo-card-based action/strategy game in which the player collects skills and takes missions to attempt to discover why Earth is in the condition it is...

has a group of individuals that include the main protagonist called Espers, individuals that have lost their memories but in return gain control over psychic powers (which include moving objects at will and manipulating/producing fire, ice, telekinetic blades, wind, etc.)

Espers feature prominently in the EarthBound
EarthBound (series)
EarthBound, known in Japan as Mother, is a role-playing game series created by Shigesato Itoi for Nintendo. The series started in 1989 with the Japan-only release of Mother for the Famicom, and was then followed up by a sequel, released in North America as EarthBound for the Super NES in 1995, and...

 series. In Mother
Mother (video game)
, planned to be released in English as Earth Bound , is a role-playing video game developed by Nintendo Tokyo Research and Development Products in...

 and Mother 3
Mother 3
Mother 3 is a role-playing video game developed by Nintendo, Brownie Brown and HAL Laboratory, and published for the Game Boy Advance handheld game console. It has only been released in Japan, alongside a limited supply bundle. It is the third video game in the Mother series, following EarthBound...

, two characters who use these abilities are playable, while in EarthBound
EarthBound
EarthBound, also known as EarthBound: The War Against Giygas! and released as in Japan, is a role-playing video game co-developed by Ape and HAL Laboratory and published by Nintendo for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System video game console...

, there are three.

The Japan-only Kunio-kun game Nekketsu! Street Basket: Ganbare Dunk Heroes features a Florida basketball team called the Florida Espers. One member of the team is capable of teleporting to wherever the ball is and sending it to his team's hoop.

Esper is the name of a plane
Plane (Magic: The Gathering)
In Magic: The Gathering, planes are parallel universes in the Multiverse Planes are often confused with planets by Magic players, because most planes are named after their primary planets...

, one of the Shards of Alara
Shards of Alara
Shards of Alara is an expansion set from the trading card game Magic: The Gathering. It is the 47th limited-edition expansion set for Magic and was released on October 3, 2008. On Magic Online Shards was released on October 20, 2008....

, in Magic: The Gathering
Magic: The Gathering
Magic: The Gathering , also known as Magic, is the first collectible trading card game created by mathematics professor Richard Garfield and introduced in 1993 by Wizards of the Coast. Magic continues to thrive, with approximately twelve million players as of 2011...

.

S4 League, a third-person shooter game means "Stylish, eSper, Shooting, and Sports." eSper refers to skills that can be held by the characters.

Esper in manga, anime and tokusatsu

  • Reino from Skip Beat!
    Skip Beat!
    is a Japanese shōjo manga by Yoshiki Nakamura. It is the story of a 16-year-old girl who discovers that her childhood friend and romantic goal, Sho Fuwa, only keeps her around to act as a maid and earn his living expenses, as he works his way to become the top pop idol in Japan. Furious and heart...

    is referred to as esper.
  • Tsukamoto Yakumo from School Rumble
    School Rumble
    is a Japanese Shōnen manga series written and illustrated by Jin Kobayashi. First serialized in Weekly Shōnen Magazine from October 22, 2002 to July 23, 2008, all 345 chapters were later collected in 22 tankōbon volumes by Kodansha. Shōnen Magazine Special published a sequel, School Rumble Z,...

    .
  • Itsuki Koizumi
    Itsuki Koizumi
    is a fictional character from the Haruhi Suzumiya light novel series; in the anime he is voiced by Daisuke Ono in the original version, and Johnny Yong Bosch in the English dubbed edition. Itsuki is the last member to have joined the SOS Brigade, having been recruited by Haruhi as a "mysterious...

     from The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya. (His abilities only manifest in distorted areas known as "closed spaces", where the common laws of physics do not apply).
  • In Witch Hunter Robin
    Witch Hunter Robin
    is a Japanese anime series created by Sunrise. It follows the STN-J, the Japanese branch of a secret global organization called "SOLOMON" or the "Solomon Toukatsu Nin'idantai" , abbreviated as "STN"....

    , espers are labeled as witches and hunted down by a secret organization.
  • Asuna Kagurazaka accuses Negi Springfield of being an esper in Negima, episode 2, when he is, in fact, a mage.
  • The Kasuga family in Kimagure Orange Road
    Kimagure Orange Road
    , usually abbreviated as KOR, is a popular shōnen romantic comedy manga and anime series from the 1980s.Written by Izumi Matsumoto and serialized in Shueisha's Weekly Shōnen Jump, it was later adapted into an anime series broadcast on Nippon Television, animated by Studio Pierrot and directed by...

    is a family of secret espers who must keep others from learning of their powers.
  • Tetsuo, Akira and other test subjects in the Akira manga
    Akira (manga)
    is a manga series by Katsuhiro Otomo. Set in a post-apocalyptic Neo-Tokyo, the work uses conventions of the cyberpunk genre to detail a saga of turmoil. Initially serialized in the pages of Young Magazine from 1982 until 1990, the work was collected in six volumes by Japanese publisher Kodansha...

     and film
    Akira (film)
    is a 1988 Japanese animated cyberpunk science fiction film directed by Katsuhiro Otomo, written by Otomo and Izo Hashimoto, and starring the voices of Mitsuo Iwata, Nozomu Sasaki, Mami Koyama and Taro Ishida. The screenplay is based on Otomo's manga Akira....

    .
  • Reincarnation PSME (please save my earth): 6 people who were reincarnated who have to face their new memory from the past and who slowly discover their own ESP abilities.
  • Popi-kun in the Akazukin Chacha
    Akazukin Chacha
    is a shōjo manga series by Min Ayahana. It was serialized by Shueisha in the manga magazine Ribon from 1991 and 2000 and collected in 13 bound volumes...

    OVA.
  • The Kunio-kun game Nekketsu! Street Basket: Ganbare Dunk Heroes features a Florida basketball team called the Florida Espers. One member of the team is capable of teleporting to wherever the ball is and sending it to his team's hoop.
  • Almost all the characters of Ghost Hunt
    Ghost Hunt
    , originally titled , is a light novel series written by Fuyumi Ono. It follows the adventures of the Shibuya Psychic Research Center as they investigate mysterious occurrences all over Japan with a team of other spiritualists and clever assistants. Although the last novel was published in 1994,...

     like Taniyama Mai, Kazuya Shibuya and all the members of the SPR.
  • The race of evolved human called "The Mu" in Toward the Terra
    Toward the Terra
    is a Japanese science fiction manga series by Keiko Takemiya. It was originally serialized in Asahi Sonorama's Gekkan Manga Shōnen magazine, between January 1977 and May 1980...

    .
  • Kamui Shirō of the popular manga and TV anime and OAV X/1999.
  • Chojin (Choujin) Locke from "Locke the Superman
    Locke the Superman
    is a manga series by Yuki Hijiri which was later adapted into a movie and three OVA releases. It was given an obscure video release in the United States as Locke the Superpower Ten volumes were published in Poland under the tile Locke Superczłowiek....

    " is an immortal esper; there are also soldier espers raised at a school led by Lady Kahn.
  • Lilica Evett, third member of Warriors in anime Burn Up Scramble
    Burn Up Scramble
    is a 12 episode anime series directed by Hiroki Hayashi released in 2004. Though the basic premise is in keeping with its predecessors Burn Up! and Burn Up Excess it is an entirely new series with some new and some old characters, and a very different art style.Like Burn Up W and Burn Up Excess,...

    .
  • Main characters from the anime/manga Zettai Karen Children
    Zettai Karen Children
    is a Japanese shōnen manga by Takashi Shiina. The manga started being serialized in Shogakukan's manga magazine Shōnen Sunday in 2005. An anime series began on April 6, 2008 which ran for fifty-one episodes. Shiina developed the series out of a short story he had written in a special issues of...

     and most of the characters are in fact, Espers.
  • In Miracle Girls the main characters, Toni and Mika are Espers.
  • Ellis in El Cazador de la Bruja
    El Cazador de la Bruja
    , is an anime television series directed by Kōichi Mashimo and animated by Bee Train studio. It is a spiritual successor of Noir and Madlax and the final installment of Bee Train's "girls-with-guns" trilogy. The series was aired on TV Tokyo from April to September in 2007...

    is referred to as an esper along with Nastarsha and L.A.. L.A. and Ellis were artificially created however.
  • Naoto and Naoya from Night Head Genesis.
  • Psychics in E's Otherwise
    E's Otherwise
    is a Japanese shōnen manga series written and drawn by Satoru Yuiga. It was originally serialized in Monthly GFantasy from 1997 through 2005, and later published in 16 tankōbon volumes by Square Enix from March 18, 2003 to February 27, 2010...

    are also called Espers.
  • Esper Mami in Esper Mami
    Esper Mami
    is a manga created by Fujiko Fujio in 1977 and serialized in Shōnen Big Comic. It was later adapted into an anime series.-Plot:Mami Sakura used to be a normal junior high school student, but she happened to acquire supernatural powers. Using her powers and with the help of her best friend, Mr....

  • Jasmine in Tokusou Sentai Dekaranger
    Tokusou Sentai Dekaranger
    is the twenty-eighth production of the Super Sentai television series produced by Toei. The action footage from the show was used for the American series Power Rangers S.P.D..The opening catchphrase of the series is .-Story:...

    . Other Espers appear in the series too.
  • Hiroto and Miyu in Engine Sentai Go-onger
    Engine Sentai Go-onger
    is the title of Toei Company's thirty-second Super Sentai series of Japanese tokusatsu television series. It premiered on February 17, 2008, a week following the finale of Juken Sentai Gekiranger, and ended on February 8, 2009. It aired as part of TV Asahi's 2008 Super Hero Time block alongside...

    .
  • In Katekyo Hitman Reborn, Mammon, aka. Viper, mainly known as an illusionist, is said by Reborn to be a first class ESPer long before learning how to use illusions.
  • Hyuuga Mayuki in Suteki Tantei Labyrinth the mysterious child who uses his esper powers to give tips to the police (episode 1).
  • In Toaru Majutsu no Index & Toaru Kagaku no Railgun most of the students in Academy City are espers or are studying to become espers.
  • In Kämpfer Natsuru Senō thinks Nishino Masumi from the Newspaper Club is an Esper.
  • Miura Kento in Kimi Ni Todoke claims to be an esper
  • Mentioned in the Mobile Suit Gundam
    Mobile Suit Gundam
    is a televised anime series, created by Sunrise. Created and directed by Yoshiyuki Tomino, it premiered in Japan on Nagoya Broadcasting Network on April 7, 1979, and lasted until January 26, 1980, spanning 43 episodes...

    series, in which newtypes were originally feared to be espers
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