Especifismo is one of the two main forms of anarchist activism

Activism

Activism consists of intentional efforts to bring about social, political, economic, or environmental change. Activism can take a wide range of forms from writing letters to newspapers or politicians, political campaigning, economic activism such as boycotts or preferentially patronizing...

 championed by FARJ (Federação Anarquista do Rio de Janeiro) and other South America

South America

South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...

n anarchist organizations, the other being social insertion

Social insertion

Social insertion is one of the two main forms of anarchist activism championed by the FARJ and other South American anarchist organizations, the other being especifismo. Both principles are based on traditional trends within anarchism...

. Especifismo emerged as a result of anarchist experiences in South America over the last half of the 20th century starting with the Federación Anarquista Uruguaya (FAU), which was founded in 1956 by anarchists who saw the need for an organization

Organization

An organization is a social group which distributes tasks for a collective goal. The word itself is derived from the Greek word organon, itself derived from the better-known word ergon - as we know `organ` - and it means a compartment for a particular job.There are a variety of legal types of...

 which was specifically anarchist.

Especifismo has been summarized as:

• The need for specifically anarchist organization built around a unity of ideas and praxis.
• The use of the specifically anarchist organization to theorize and develop strategic political and organizing work.
• Active involvement in and building of autonomous and popular social movements via social insertion.

Other organizations that propound especifismo include the Federação Anarquista Gaúcha

Federação Anarquista Gaúcha

The Federação Anarquista Gaúcha, or FAG, was formed November 18, 1995 in one of the meetings of the Uruguayan Anarchist Federation, in Montevideo. Of anarchist and socialist orientation, it defends federalism and self-management. Today this federation is spread in many cities of Rio Grande do Sul,...

 (FAG), the Federação Anarquista Cabocla (FACA), the Federação Anarquista do Rio de Janeiro (FARJ), the Columna Libertaria Joaquin Penina

Columna Libertaria Joaquin Penina

The Columna Libertaria Joaquin Penina –in english Joaquin Penina Libertarian Column- is a regional anarchist political organization from Rosario, Argentina. It was founded in late 2008....

 (Joaquin Penina) Libertarian Column) from Rosario, Argentina, the Columna Libertaria Errico Malatesta from Buenos Aires

Buenos Aires

Buenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina, and the second-largest metropolitan area in South America, after São Paulo. It is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent...

, and the Red Libertaria de Buenos Aires (RLBA), also from Argentina. Especifismo is considered to have come to broadly similar conclusions to the Organizational Platform of the General Union of Anarchists (Draft) leading to the argument that it is properly considered a new form of Platformism

Platformism

Platformism is a tendency within the wider anarchist movement originally theorised by Nestor Makhno and is mainly based on his concept of anarchism and the organisational theories in the tradition of Dielo Truda's Organizational Platform of the General Union of Anarchists ...

.