Erhard Raus
Encyclopedia
Erhard Raus was a Austria
n Colonel General (Generaloberst) during World War II
. He commanded the 6th Panzer Division during the early years of the war on the Eastern Front before taking Army and Army Group commands.
), then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, he entered the Austro-Hungarian Army
Cadet School at Koenigsfeld on 1 October 1905 and was commissioned as an officer on 18 August 1909. He fought throughout World War I
with the Bicycle Light-Infantry
, becoming highly decorated, rising to the rank of Captain and eventually commanding Bicycle Light-Infantry Battalion 1.
He married Marries Anna Morsani on August 17, 1918.
On January 18, 1919 he was selected for retention in the Austrian Army following the end of the war, eventually rising to the rank of Colonel in 1936. He spent these years in a number of staff and training posts before being absorbed into the Wehrmacht
during the Anschluss
in 1938, following which he continued with several other staff roles.
Following the practice of sending staff officers into the line he took over the command of Infantry Regiment 243 in June 1940, then Motorised Infantry Regiment 4 in July. In May 1941 he took command of the 6th Motorised Infantry Brigade of the 6th Panzer Division. However he had never led any of these formations into any sort of battle prior to 22 June 1941
. His last combat experience was with the Bicycle Light Infantry Battalion 1 in the Austro-Hungarian Army
where for 5 months in 1918 he was the acting commander.
n – Kampfgruppe Raus and Kampfgruppe von Seckendorff) under his leadership, launched into the Baltic States and by August 20 had crossed through Lithuania
, Latvia
, Estonia
, fought alone for several days after capturing a bridgehead over the Luga River
, took part in some the early Eastern Fronts most infamous battles and actions, broke through the Stalin Line
and had arrived upon the outskirts of Leningrad
.
On 7 September 1941, Raus was appointed the acting commander of the 6th Panzer Division.
On 15 September, the 6th Panzer Division, minus its artillery was ordered off the line outside of Leningrad. The division was to be transferred to Army Group Centre
to take part in Operation Typhoon – the attempt to capture Moscow
.
In Raus' opinion, the Soviet strength in his division's sector had been crushed, opening an opportunity to break into the city. He told of how his men in one week during the furious fighting outside the city had rolled up 12 Soviet defensive positions and captured 248 bunkers.
On 11 October he was awarded the Knights Cross
for his seizure and defence of the Luga River bridgehead.
. During this drive, his men working in combination with other panzer divisions helped encircle 400,000 men at Vyazma
.
At the beginning of December they stood only 14 km from the outskirts of Moscow. During the Soviet winter counterattack, Raus claimed to have saved his entire division by giving orders to blast holes into the frozen soil - each large enough to shelter three to five soldiers. Within hours his men were dug in and able to repel further Soviet attacks and withstand the terrible weather with fewer losses.
During the beginning of January 1942, the Soviet counterattacks were threatening to cut off the Fourth and Ninth armies, here Raus gained a new command of high importance. General Walter Model
(commanding the Ninth Army) issued orders that all rear area personnel would be placed under the command of Raus and he was given the job of organising these men to protect the lines of communications and stop any encircling operation by the Soviets.
By February, Raus states he had collected around 35,000 men under his command and by mid February he was counterattacking the Soviet positions, helping stabilise the line and halt any chance of large chunks of Army Group Centre
from being encircled.
In early April, now with only his 6th Panzer Division under his command, they were transferred to France to refit and rest and he was appointed the commander of the division on 29 April.
for the Soviet Union
via train. Raus claimed to have saved much of his division from needless casualties by ignoring protests by train officials and organizing the transport of his men in what he called "Combat Trains", that being each trainload of his men would be able to deploy into small combined arms groups and thus be able to effectively repel partisan attacks for minimal material damage or loss of life.
By the end of November, the division was detrained and its mission became clear: To take part in Operation Winter Storm
.
As the division along with the other elements of XLVIII Panzer Corps attacked, Raus later claimed that his division's ability to inflict such heavy losses upon the Soviet forces facing them was in part due to his leadership skills and inspiration. In December 1942, Raus fought a masterpiece of attack and defense that burned out the 2nd Guards Army (Soviet Union's Red Army).
When the offensive was called off and the Panzer divisions called back, Raus made the claim that his troops were within striking distance of Stalingrad and that his force could have saved the encircled Sixth Army claiming there was no resistance between them. He failed to mention that the relief force was unable to carry on fighting towards the city because of increasing numbers of Soviet formations moving between the two and that Paulus was also unwilling to breakout.
, Raus found himself being placed in command of a newly formed XI Corps known until midsummer as Provisional Corps Raus, as well as a promotion to General of Panzer Troops. He was now under the command of Army Detachment Kempf and was commanding himself the 168th, 298th and 320th Infantry Divisions.
His men took part in the counterattack during the Third Battle of Kharkov
, he then led his men fighting across the Donets River during the Battle of Kursk
(now commanding the 106th, 168th and 320th Infantry Divisions), their mission being to screen the Fourth Panzer Army while they broke through the Soviet defenses and drove on for Kursk to complete the encirclement.
In late July, following the failure of Operation Citadel, Raus' badly mauled Corp fought a rearguard action towards the Donets while the rest of the Army crossed before they finally crossed over.
There would be no relief for Raus or his men as the Red Army kept up its attacks. At this time the whole front was being pushed back by the Red Army, but he nevertheless managed to stabilise a major crossing point across the Donets. In doing so, he halted the Russians that threatened to outrun the retreating German army, which was scrambling to establish themselves on the Panther-Wotan Line
; which was only partially completed at the time.
When they were finally ordered to fall back, his men had taken heavy losses. They fell back on Kharkov where they took part in the final battle for the city.
For his leadership during the defensive fighting from Belgorad to Kharkov he was awarded the Oak Leaves to the Knights Cross.
He was soon again on the retreat, leading his men from Kharkov back to the Dnieper River
, having to fend off constant Soviet attacks and attempts to envelop the Corp until they reached the bridgehead at the river on 20 September.
Following these events Raus spent the rest of the year fighting in the Ukraine. On 10 December 1943 he was appointed acting commander of the Fourth Panzer Army.
Several days later after setting up effective administration and improvising whatever craft he could lay his hands on, he had succeeded in his mission, pulling all divisions back across the river as well as thousands of cattle and horses.
The first test of his command was to blunt the Soviet Christmas offensive launched on the 24th. Having deployed his units to be able to absorb the initial Soviet attack, he ordered the construction of an anti tank ditch behind his lines as well as the evacuation of all unneeded material along with other efforts, but they were not to able to halt the Soviets.
However, through skillful use of his forces, Raus halted the Soviet offensive and scored a major defensive success although losing many men and being pushed back around 100 kilometres. He had kept the Soviets from breaking through although Raus openly admitted that General Balck’s
Panzer Corp played a key role in halting the Soviet attack.
More fighting was to follow through April 1944 which resulted in the loss of further men unnecessarily due to Hitler's orders to turn cities and towns into fortresses and fight to the last man.
In May, Raus took command of the First Panzer Army. Few months later, he transferred to the Third Panzer Army.
In February 1945, Hitler transferred Raus to command the XI SS Panzer Corps in the Pomerania
n area. When the Soviet Union crossed the German border, Hitler dismissed Raus from command of the Panzer Army.
General hospital on 3 April 1956.
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
n Colonel General (Generaloberst) during World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
. He commanded the 6th Panzer Division during the early years of the war on the Eastern Front before taking Army and Army Group commands.
Early life
Born in Wolframitz (MoraviaMoravia
Moravia is a historical region in Central Europe in the east of the Czech Republic, and one of the former Czech lands, together with Bohemia and Silesia. It takes its name from the Morava River which rises in the northwest of the region...
), then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, he entered the Austro-Hungarian Army
Austro-Hungarian Army
The Austro-Hungarian Army was the ground force of the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy from 1867 to 1918. It was composed of three parts: the joint army , the Austrian Landwehr , and the Hungarian Honvédség .In the wake of fighting between the...
Cadet School at Koenigsfeld on 1 October 1905 and was commissioned as an officer on 18 August 1909. He fought throughout World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
with the Bicycle Light-Infantry
Bicycle infantry
Bicycle infantry are infantry soldiers who maneuver on battlefields using bicycles. The term dates from the late 19th century, when the "safety bicycle" became popular in Europe, the United States and Australia. Historically, bicycles lessened the need for horses, fuel and vehicle maintenance...
, becoming highly decorated, rising to the rank of Captain and eventually commanding Bicycle Light-Infantry Battalion 1.
He married Marries Anna Morsani on August 17, 1918.
On January 18, 1919 he was selected for retention in the Austrian Army following the end of the war, eventually rising to the rank of Colonel in 1936. He spent these years in a number of staff and training posts before being absorbed into the Wehrmacht
Wehrmacht
The Wehrmacht – from , to defend and , the might/power) were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It consisted of the Heer , the Kriegsmarine and the Luftwaffe .-Origin and use of the term:...
during the Anschluss
Anschluss
The Anschluss , also known as the ', was the occupation and annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany in 1938....
in 1938, following which he continued with several other staff roles.
World War II
Raus was appointed chief of staff to XVII Corps a few months before the war started but did not see any combat with these units, due to his staff role, when they attacked Poland and then headed west in 1940.Following the practice of sending staff officers into the line he took over the command of Infantry Regiment 243 in June 1940, then Motorised Infantry Regiment 4 in July. In May 1941 he took command of the 6th Motorised Infantry Brigade of the 6th Panzer Division. However he had never led any of these formations into any sort of battle prior to 22 June 1941
Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa was the code name for Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II that began on 22 June 1941. Over 4.5 million troops of the Axis powers invaded the USSR along a front., the largest invasion in the history of warfare...
. His last combat experience was with the Bicycle Light Infantry Battalion 1 in the Austro-Hungarian Army
Austro-Hungarian Army
The Austro-Hungarian Army was the ground force of the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy from 1867 to 1918. It was composed of three parts: the joint army , the Austrian Landwehr , and the Hungarian Honvédség .In the wake of fighting between the...
where for 5 months in 1918 he was the acting commander.
Into Barbarossa
On 22 June 1941, Kampfgruppe Raus (the 6th Panzer Division was operating with two KampfgruppeKampfgruppe
In military history and military slang, the German term Kampfgruppe can refer to a combat formation of any kind, but most usually to that employed by the German Wehrmacht and its allies during World War II and, to a lesser extent, in World War I...
n – Kampfgruppe Raus and Kampfgruppe von Seckendorff) under his leadership, launched into the Baltic States and by August 20 had crossed through Lithuania
Lithuania
Lithuania , officially the Republic of Lithuania is a country in Northern Europe, the biggest of the three Baltic states. It is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, whereby to the west lie Sweden and Denmark...
, Latvia
Latvia
Latvia , officially the Republic of Latvia , is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by Estonia , to the south by Lithuania , to the east by the Russian Federation , to the southeast by Belarus and shares maritime borders to the west with Sweden...
, Estonia
Estonia
Estonia , officially the Republic of Estonia , is a state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia , and to the east by Lake Peipsi and the Russian Federation . Across the Baltic Sea lies...
, fought alone for several days after capturing a bridgehead over the Luga River
Luga River
The Luga River -See also:* Shum Gora, an archaeological site near the banks of the river...
, took part in some the early Eastern Fronts most infamous battles and actions, broke through the Stalin Line
Stalin Line
The Stalin Line was a line of fortifications along the western border of the Soviet Union. Work began on the system in the 1920s to protect the USSR against attacks from the West. The line was made up of concrete bunkers and gun emplacements, somewhat similar but less elaborate than the Maginot...
and had arrived upon the outskirts of Leningrad
Leningrad
Leningrad is the former name of Saint Petersburg, Russia.Leningrad may also refer to:- Places :* Leningrad Oblast, a federal subject of Russia, around Saint Petersburg* Leningrad, Tajikistan, capital of Muminobod district in Khatlon Province...
.
On 7 September 1941, Raus was appointed the acting commander of the 6th Panzer Division.
On 15 September, the 6th Panzer Division, minus its artillery was ordered off the line outside of Leningrad. The division was to be transferred to Army Group Centre
Army Group Centre
Army Group Centre was the name of two distinct German strategic army groups that fought on the Eastern Front in World War II. The first Army Group Centre was created on 22 June 1941, as one of three German Army formations assigned to the invasion of the Soviet Union...
to take part in Operation Typhoon – the attempt to capture Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
.
In Raus' opinion, the Soviet strength in his division's sector had been crushed, opening an opportunity to break into the city. He told of how his men in one week during the furious fighting outside the city had rolled up 12 Soviet defensive positions and captured 248 bunkers.
On 11 October he was awarded the Knights Cross
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was a grade of the 1939 version of the 1813 created Iron Cross . The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was the highest award of Germany to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership during World War II...
for his seizure and defence of the Luga River bridgehead.
Moscow and the winter fighting
Raus and his men were transferred to the LVI Panzer Corp and formed part of the spearhead striking for MoscowMoscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
. During this drive, his men working in combination with other panzer divisions helped encircle 400,000 men at Vyazma
Vyazma
Vyazma is a town and the administrative center of Vyazemsky District of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Vyazma River, about halfway between Smolensk and Mozhaysk. Throughout its turbulent history, the city defended western approaches to the city of Moscow...
.
At the beginning of December they stood only 14 km from the outskirts of Moscow. During the Soviet winter counterattack, Raus claimed to have saved his entire division by giving orders to blast holes into the frozen soil - each large enough to shelter three to five soldiers. Within hours his men were dug in and able to repel further Soviet attacks and withstand the terrible weather with fewer losses.
During the beginning of January 1942, the Soviet counterattacks were threatening to cut off the Fourth and Ninth armies, here Raus gained a new command of high importance. General Walter Model
Walter Model
Otto Moritz Walter Model was a German general and later field marshal during World War II. He is noted for his defensive battles in the latter half of the war, mostly on the Eastern Front but also in the west, and for his close association with Adolf Hitler and Nazism...
(commanding the Ninth Army) issued orders that all rear area personnel would be placed under the command of Raus and he was given the job of organising these men to protect the lines of communications and stop any encircling operation by the Soviets.
By February, Raus states he had collected around 35,000 men under his command and by mid February he was counterattacking the Soviet positions, helping stabilise the line and halt any chance of large chunks of Army Group Centre
Army Group Centre
Army Group Centre was the name of two distinct German strategic army groups that fought on the Eastern Front in World War II. The first Army Group Centre was created on 22 June 1941, as one of three German Army formations assigned to the invasion of the Soviet Union...
from being encircled.
In early April, now with only his 6th Panzer Division under his command, they were transferred to France to refit and rest and he was appointed the commander of the division on 29 April.
Stalingrad
In mid November 1942, the division left FranceFrance
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
for the Soviet Union
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
via train. Raus claimed to have saved much of his division from needless casualties by ignoring protests by train officials and organizing the transport of his men in what he called "Combat Trains", that being each trainload of his men would be able to deploy into small combined arms groups and thus be able to effectively repel partisan attacks for minimal material damage or loss of life.
By the end of November, the division was detrained and its mission became clear: To take part in Operation Winter Storm
Operation Wintergewitter
Operation Winter Storm was a German offensive in World War II, undertaken between 12–23 December 1942, in which the German 4th Panzer-Armee failed to break the encirclement of Axis forces during the Battle of Stalingrad....
.
As the division along with the other elements of XLVIII Panzer Corps attacked, Raus later claimed that his division's ability to inflict such heavy losses upon the Soviet forces facing them was in part due to his leadership skills and inspiration. In December 1942, Raus fought a masterpiece of attack and defense that burned out the 2nd Guards Army (Soviet Union's Red Army).
When the offensive was called off and the Panzer divisions called back, Raus made the claim that his troops were within striking distance of Stalingrad and that his force could have saved the encircled Sixth Army claiming there was no resistance between them. He failed to mention that the relief force was unable to carry on fighting towards the city because of increasing numbers of Soviet formations moving between the two and that Paulus was also unwilling to breakout.
Kharkov and Kursk
With the collapse of the front following StalingradBattle of Stalingrad
The Battle of Stalingrad was a major battle of World War II in which Nazi Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad in southwestern Russia. The battle took place between 23 August 1942 and 2 February 1943...
, Raus found himself being placed in command of a newly formed XI Corps known until midsummer as Provisional Corps Raus, as well as a promotion to General of Panzer Troops. He was now under the command of Army Detachment Kempf and was commanding himself the 168th, 298th and 320th Infantry Divisions.
His men took part in the counterattack during the Third Battle of Kharkov
Third Battle of Kharkov
The Third Battle of Kharkov was a series of offensive operations on the Eastern Front of World War II, undertaken by the German Army Group South against the Red Army, around the city of Kharkov , between 19 February and 15 March 1943...
, he then led his men fighting across the Donets River during the Battle of Kursk
Battle of Kursk
The Battle of Kursk took place when German and Soviet forces confronted each other on the Eastern Front during World War II in the vicinity of the city of Kursk, in the Soviet Union in July and August 1943. It remains both the largest series of armored clashes, including the Battle of Prokhorovka,...
(now commanding the 106th, 168th and 320th Infantry Divisions), their mission being to screen the Fourth Panzer Army while they broke through the Soviet defenses and drove on for Kursk to complete the encirclement.
In late July, following the failure of Operation Citadel, Raus' badly mauled Corp fought a rearguard action towards the Donets while the rest of the Army crossed before they finally crossed over.
There would be no relief for Raus or his men as the Red Army kept up its attacks. At this time the whole front was being pushed back by the Red Army, but he nevertheless managed to stabilise a major crossing point across the Donets. In doing so, he halted the Russians that threatened to outrun the retreating German army, which was scrambling to establish themselves on the Panther-Wotan Line
Panther-Wotan line
The Panther-Wotan Line was a defensive line partially built by the German Wehrmacht in 1943 on the Eastern Front. The first part of the name refers to the short northern section between Lake Peipus and the Baltic Sea at Narva.-Purpose :...
; which was only partially completed at the time.
When they were finally ordered to fall back, his men had taken heavy losses. They fell back on Kharkov where they took part in the final battle for the city.
For his leadership during the defensive fighting from Belgorad to Kharkov he was awarded the Oak Leaves to the Knights Cross.
He was soon again on the retreat, leading his men from Kharkov back to the Dnieper River
Dnieper River
The Dnieper River is one of the major rivers of Europe that flows from Russia, through Belarus and Ukraine, to the Black Sea.The total length is and has a drainage basin of .The river is noted for its dams and hydroelectric stations...
, having to fend off constant Soviet attacks and attempts to envelop the Corp until they reached the bridgehead at the river on 20 September.
The Dnieper and beyond
Following his arrival, 8th Army gave Raus the mission of organizing the withdrawal of all Axis units in its sector (13 divisions) from the east side of the river to the west.Following these events Raus spent the rest of the year fighting in the Ukraine. On 10 December 1943 he was appointed acting commander of the Fourth Panzer Army.
Several days later after setting up effective administration and improvising whatever craft he could lay his hands on, he had succeeded in his mission, pulling all divisions back across the river as well as thousands of cattle and horses.
The first test of his command was to blunt the Soviet Christmas offensive launched on the 24th. Having deployed his units to be able to absorb the initial Soviet attack, he ordered the construction of an anti tank ditch behind his lines as well as the evacuation of all unneeded material along with other efforts, but they were not to able to halt the Soviets.
However, through skillful use of his forces, Raus halted the Soviet offensive and scored a major defensive success although losing many men and being pushed back around 100 kilometres. He had kept the Soviets from breaking through although Raus openly admitted that General Balck’s
Hermann Balck
Hermann Balck was a career German army officer who served in both World War I and World War II, rising to the rank of General der Panzertruppe. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds...
Panzer Corp played a key role in halting the Soviet attack.
More fighting was to follow through April 1944 which resulted in the loss of further men unnecessarily due to Hitler's orders to turn cities and towns into fortresses and fight to the last man.
In May, Raus took command of the First Panzer Army. Few months later, he transferred to the Third Panzer Army.
In February 1945, Hitler transferred Raus to command the XI SS Panzer Corps in the Pomerania
Pomerania
Pomerania is a historical region on the south shore of the Baltic Sea. Divided between Germany and Poland, it stretches roughly from the Recknitz River near Stralsund in the West, via the Oder River delta near Szczecin, to the mouth of the Vistula River near Gdańsk in the East...
n area. When the Soviet Union crossed the German border, Hitler dismissed Raus from command of the Panzer Army.
Later life
Raus subsequently wrote and co-wrote a number of books and publications focusing on strategic analysis of the tank tactics used by his forces on the Eastern front. He died in ViennaVienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
General hospital on 3 April 1956.
Awards
- Bronze Military Defence Medal of the Military Defence Cross with War Decoration and Swords (6 February 1915)
- Military Defence Cross, 3rd Class, with War Decorations and Swords (5 October 1915)
- Charles Troop Cross (15 March 1917)
- Silver Military Defence Medal of the Military Defence Cross with War Decoration and Swords (2 July 1917)
- Hungarian War Service Medal (9 March 1931)
- Austrian War Service Medal with Swords (15 May 1933)
- Silver Honors Badge (21 April 1934)
- Military Service Badge, 2nd Class (8 October 1934)
- Honors Decorations, 4th through 1st Classes (1 December 1939, dated to 1 January 1939)
- War Service Cross, 2nd Class (20 November 1940)
- Iron Cross, 2nd Class (29 June 1941)
- Iron Cross, 1st Class (6 July 1941)
- Armoured Combat Badge (1 September 1941)
- Knight's Cross of the Iron CrossKnight's Cross of the Iron CrossThe Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was a grade of the 1939 version of the 1813 created Iron Cross . The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was the highest award of Germany to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership during World War II...
(11 October 1941) - Eastern Campaign MedalEastern Front MedalThe Eastern Front Medal, , more commonly known as the Ostmedaille was instituted on May 26, 1942 to mark service on the German Eastern Front during the period November 15, 1941 to April 15, 1942...
(1 August 1942) - German Cross in GoldGerman CrossThe German Cross was instituted by Adolf Hitler on 17 November 1941 as an award ranking higher than the Iron Cross First Class but below the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross respectively ranking higher than the War Merit Cross First Class with Swords but below the Knight's Cross of the War Merit...
(14 February 1943) - Oak Leaves to the Knights Cross (22 August 1943)
Commands
Works
- Panzer Operations: The Eastern Front Memoir of General Raus, 1941-1945 (with Steven H. Newton), ISBN 9780306812477
- Peculiarities of Russian warfare (German report series, 1949),
- Tactics in unusual situations (Small unit tactics, 1951),
- Improvisations and field expedients: Their use as instruments of command (1951),
- Effects of climate on combat in European Russia (German Report Series, CMH Pub 104-6, 1952)
- The Pomeranian battle and the command in the east (1952)
- Strategic deceptions (Deceptions & Cover Plans Project # 29, 1948),