Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado
Encyclopedia
was the 103rd emperor
of Japan
, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1464 through 1500.
This 15th century sovereign was named after the 12th century Emperor Tsuchimikado
and go- (後), translates literally as "later;" and thus, he could be called the "Later Emperor Tsuchimikado". The Japanese word "go" has also been translated to mean the "second one;" and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Tsuchimikado, the second," or as "Tsuchimikado II."
, his personal name (his imina) was .
He was the eldest son of Emperor Go-Hanazono
. His mother was Ōinomikado (Fujiwara) Nobuko (大炊御門（藤原）信子), daughter of Fujiwara Takanaga (藤原高長)
Shortly after his enthronement, the Ōnin War
took place. Temples, shrines, and mansions of court nobles, among others, were burned to the ground. The Imperial Court
's finances dried up, and the Court declined. The Emperor supported Yoshida Family´s policy of establishing a new kind of State Shinto which could add social and political cohesion in the country devastated by civil war.
Until former-emperor Go-Komatsu died in 1433, Go-Hanazono held the title of formal head of the Daïri
, the real power in the court was wielded by his uncle, who continued a practice known as cloistered rule
. After this, Go-Hanazono enjoyed 30 years of direct imperial rule, until his abdication; and then the conventional pattern of indirect government by cloistered emperors was again resumed. The extended duration of Go-Tsuchimikado's reign—lasting thirty-six years, two months—is the longest of any sovereign in the historical period prior to Emperor Meiji
.
After the end of the War, there was little enthusiasm for reviving the Imperial Court's ancient ceremonies. On October 21, 1500, the Emperor died. His successor Go-Kashiwabara lacked the funds to pay for the funeral ceremony, and the deceased emperor's body lay in a palace storeroom for over a month before a donation was made to the court, and the funeral could be observed.
Go-Tuschimikado is enshrined with other emperors at the imperial tomb called Fukakusa no kita no misasagi (深草北陵) in Fushimi-ku, Kyoto
.
in pre-Meiji
eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted.
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Go-Tsuchimikado's reign, this apex of the Daijō-kan included:
Emperor of Japan
The Emperor of Japan is, according to the 1947 Constitution of Japan, "the symbol of the state and of the unity of the people." He is a ceremonial figurehead under a form of constitutional monarchy and is head of the Japanese Imperial Family with functions as head of state. He is also the highest...
of Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1464 through 1500.
This 15th century sovereign was named after the 12th century Emperor Tsuchimikado
Emperor Tsuchimikado
was the 83rd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.Tsuchimikado's reign spanned the years from 1198 through 1210.-Genealogy:Before Tsuchimikado's ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name was ....
and go- (後), translates literally as "later;" and thus, he could be called the "Later Emperor Tsuchimikado". The Japanese word "go" has also been translated to mean the "second one;" and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Tsuchimikado, the second," or as "Tsuchimikado II."
Genealogy
Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum ThroneChrysanthemum Throne
The is the English term used to identify the throne of the Emperor of Japan. The term can refer to very specific seating, such as the takamikura throne in the Shishin-den at Kyoto Imperial Palace....
, his personal name (his imina) was .
He was the eldest son of Emperor Go-Hanazono
Emperor Go-Hanazono
was the 102nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1428 through] 1464....
. His mother was Ōinomikado (Fujiwara) Nobuko (大炊御門（藤原）信子), daughter of Fujiwara Takanaga (藤原高長)
- Lady-in-waiting: Niwata (Minamoto) Asako (庭田（源）朝子)
- First son: Imperial Prince Katsuhito (勝仁親王) (Emperor Go-KashiwabaraEmperor Go-KashiwabaraEmperor Go-Kashiwabara was the 104th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. He reigned from November 16, 1500 to May 19, 1526. His personal name was Katsuhito...
) - Second son: Imperial Prince ?? (尊敦親王)
- First son: Imperial Prince Katsuhito (勝仁親王) (Emperor Go-Kashiwabara
- Lady-in-waiting: Kajūji (Fujiwara) Fusako (勧修寺（藤原）房子)
- Third daughter: Princess ?? (応善女王)
- Third son: Prince ?? (仁尊法親王) (Buddhist Priest)
- Fourth son: Imawaka-no-miya (今若宮)
- Consort: Kasannoin (Fujiwara) ?? (花山院（藤原）兼子)
- First daughter: ?? (大慈光院宮)
- Second daughter: Princess Tomonobu ?? (知円女王)
- Fourth daughter: Princess Michihide (理秀女王)
Events of Go-Tsuchimikado's life
- August 21, 1464 (KanshōKanshowas a after Chōroku and before Bunshō. This period spanned from December 1460 through February 1466. The reigning emperors were and .-Change of era:* 1460 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events...
5, 7th month): In the 36th year of Go-Hanazono-tennō 's reign (後花園天皇25年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (senso) was received by his son. Shortly thereafter, Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado is said to have acceded to the throne (sokui).
Shortly after his enthronement, the Ōnin War
Onin War
The ' was a civil war that lasted 10 years during the Muromachi period in Japan. A dispute between Hosokawa Katsumoto and Yamana Sōzen escalated into a nationwide war involving the Ashikaga shogunate and a number of daimyo in many regions of Japan....
took place. Temples, shrines, and mansions of court nobles, among others, were burned to the ground. The Imperial Court
Imperial Court in Kyoto
thumb|left|350px|Front view of Kyoto imperial palaceImperial Court in Kyoto was the nominal ruling government of Japan from 794 AD until the Meiji Era, in which the court was moved to Tokyo and integrated into the Meiji government....
's finances dried up, and the Court declined. The Emperor supported Yoshida Family´s policy of establishing a new kind of State Shinto which could add social and political cohesion in the country devastated by civil war.
Until former-emperor Go-Komatsu died in 1433, Go-Hanazono held the title of formal head of the Daïri
Dairi
Dairi may refer to:* The building in which the Japanese Imperial family resided , the women of the Imperial family , the Imperial court of Japan, or an indirect way of referring to the Emperor himself....
, the real power in the court was wielded by his uncle, who continued a practice known as cloistered rule
Cloistered rule
The Insei system , or cloistered rule, was a specific form of government in Japan during the Heian period. In this bifurcated system, an Emperor abdicated, but he retained power and influence. The emperors who withdrew to live in monasteries continued to act in ways which were intended to...
. After this, Go-Hanazono enjoyed 30 years of direct imperial rule, until his abdication; and then the conventional pattern of indirect government by cloistered emperors was again resumed. The extended duration of Go-Tsuchimikado's reign—lasting thirty-six years, two months—is the longest of any sovereign in the historical period prior to Emperor Meiji
Emperor Meiji
The or was the 122nd emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, reigning from 3 February 1867 until his death...
.
After the end of the War, there was little enthusiasm for reviving the Imperial Court's ancient ceremonies. On October 21, 1500, the Emperor died. His successor Go-Kashiwabara lacked the funds to pay for the funeral ceremony, and the deceased emperor's body lay in a palace storeroom for over a month before a donation was made to the court, and the funeral could be observed.
Go-Tuschimikado is enshrined with other emperors at the imperial tomb called Fukakusa no kita no misasagi (深草北陵) in Fushimi-ku, Kyoto
Fushimi-ku, Kyoto
is one of the eleven wards in the city of Kyoto, in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. Famous places in Fushimi include the Fushimi Inari Shrine, with thousands of torii lining the paths up and down a mountain; Fushimi Castle, originally built by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, with its rebuilt towers and gold-lined...
.
Kugyō
Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of JapanEmperor of Japan
The Emperor of Japan is, according to the 1947 Constitution of Japan, "the symbol of the state and of the unity of the people." He is a ceremonial figurehead under a form of constitutional monarchy and is head of the Japanese Imperial Family with functions as head of state. He is also the highest...
in pre-Meiji
Meiji period
The , also known as the Meiji era, is a Japanese era which extended from September 1868 through July 1912. This period represents the first half of the Empire of Japan.- Meiji Restoration and the emperor :...
eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted.
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Go-Tsuchimikado's reign, this apex of the Daijō-kan included:
- SadaijinSadaijin, most commonly translated as "Minister of the Left", was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and Heian periods. The position was consolidated in the Taihō Code of 702. The Asuka Kiyomihara Code of 689 marks the initial appearance of the Sadaijin in the context of a central...
- UdaijinUdaijinUdaijin , most commonly translated as the "Minister of the Right", was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and Heian periods. The position was consolidated in the Taihō Code of 702. The Asuka Kiyomihara Code of 689 marks the initial appearance of the Udaijin in the context of a central...
- Nadaijin
- DainagonDainagonwas a counselor of the first rank in the Imperial court of Japan. The role dates from the 7th century.This advisory position remained a part of the Imperial court from the 8th century until the Meiji period in the 19th century....
Eras of Go-Tsuchimikado's reign
The years of Go-Tsuchimikado's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō.- KanshōKanshowas a after Chōroku and before Bunshō. This period spanned from December 1460 through February 1466. The reigning emperors were and .-Change of era:* 1460 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events...
(1460–1466) - BunshōBunshowas a after Kanshō and before Ōnin. The period spanned the years February 1466 through March 1467. The reigning emperor during this period was .-Change of era:* 1466 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events...
(1466–1467) - ŌninOninwas a after Bunshō and before Bunmei. This period spanned the years from March 1467 through April 1469. The reigning emperor was .-Change of era:* 1467 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events...
(1467–1469) - BunmeiBunmeiwas a after Ōnin and before Chōkyō. This period spanned the years from April 1469 through July 1487. The reigning emperor was .-Change of era:* 1469 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events...
(1469–1487) - ChōkyōChokyowas a Japanese era name after Bunmei and before Entoku. This period spanned the years from July 1487 through August 1489. The reigning emperor was Go-Tsuchimikado-tennō .-Change of era:...
(1487–1489) - EntokuEntokuwas a after Chōkyō and before Meio. This period spanned the years from August 1489 through July 1492. The reigning emperor was .-Change of era:* 1489 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events...
(1489–1492) - MeiōMeio, also known as Mei-ō, was a after Entoku and before Bunki. This period spanned the years from July 1492 through February 1501. Reigning emperors were and .-Change of era:...
(1492–1501)
See also
- Emperor of JapanEmperor of JapanThe Emperor of Japan is, according to the 1947 Constitution of Japan, "the symbol of the state and of the unity of the people." He is a ceremonial figurehead under a form of constitutional monarchy and is head of the Japanese Imperial Family with functions as head of state. He is also the highest...
- List of Emperors of Japan
- Imperial cultImperial cultAn imperial cult is a form of state religion in which an emperor, or a dynasty of emperors , are worshipped as messiahs, demigods or deities. "Cult" here is used to mean "worship", not in the modern pejorative sense...