Emperor Go-Fushimi
Encyclopedia
Emperor Go-Fushimi (April 5, 1288 – May 17, 1336) was the 93rd emperor
of Japan
, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1298 to 1301.
This 13th century sovereign was named after his father, Emperor Fushimi
and go- (後), translates literally as "later;" and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Fushimi". The Japanese word "go" has also been translated to mean the "second one;" and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Fushimi, the second," or as "Fushimi II."
, his personal name (his imina) was .
He was the eldest son of the 92nd Emperor Emperor Fushimi
. They belonged to the Jimyōin-tō branch of the Imperial Family.
Fushimi acted as cloistered emperor
for a period, but after a while, from 1313 to 1318, Go-Fushimi acted in that function.
During Hanazono's reign, negotiations between the Bakufu and the two lines resulted in an agreement to alternate the throne between the two lines every 10 years (the Bumpō Agreement). This agreement did not last long, being broken by Emperor Go-Daigo
.
Go-Fushimi was the author of a famous plea to the god of the Kamo Shrine
for help in gaining the throne for his son. This plea was ultimately successful, but it was not until thirty-three years after his abdication that Go-Fushimi's son, Emperor Kōgon
became emperor. Kōgon was the first of northern court emperors backed by the Muromachi Bakufu
.
Emperor Go-Fushimi is enshrined with other emperors at the imperial tomb called Fukakusa no kita no misasagi (深草北陵) in Fushimi-ku, Kyoto
.
in pre-Meiji
eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted.
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Fo-Fushimi's reign, this apex of the Daijō-kan included:
Emperor of Japan
The Emperor of Japan is, according to the 1947 Constitution of Japan, "the symbol of the state and of the unity of the people." He is a ceremonial figurehead under a form of constitutional monarchy and is head of the Japanese Imperial Family with functions as head of state. He is also the highest...
of Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1298 to 1301.
This 13th century sovereign was named after his father, Emperor Fushimi
Emperor Fushimi
Emperor Fushimi was the 92nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession...
and go- (後), translates literally as "later;" and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Fushimi". The Japanese word "go" has also been translated to mean the "second one;" and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Fushimi, the second," or as "Fushimi II."
Genealogy
Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum ThroneChrysanthemum Throne
The is the English term used to identify the throne of the Emperor of Japan. The term can refer to very specific seating, such as the takamikura throne in the Shishin-den at Kyoto Imperial Palace....
, his personal name (his imina) was .
He was the eldest son of the 92nd Emperor Emperor Fushimi
Emperor Fushimi
Emperor Fushimi was the 92nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession...
. They belonged to the Jimyōin-tō branch of the Imperial Family.
- Court Lady: Saionji (Fujiwara) ?? (西園寺（藤原）寧子)
- First daughter: Imperial Princess ?? (珣子内親王)
- Third son: Imperial Prince Kazuhito (1st Northern PretenderNorthern Court (Japan)The , also known as the "Ashikaga Pretenders" or "Northern Pretenders", were a set of six pretenders to the throne of Japan during the Nanboku-chō period from 1336 through 1392...
Emperor KōgonEmperor KōgonEmperor Kōgon was the 1st of Ashikaga Pretenders during the Period of the Northern and Southern Courts in Japan... - Fifth son: Imperial Prince ??? (景仁親王)
- Second daughter: Imperial Princess ?? (兼子内親王)
- Ninth son: Imperial Prince Yutahito (豊仁親王) (2nd Northern PretenderNorthern Court (Japan)The , also known as the "Ashikaga Pretenders" or "Northern Pretenders", were a set of six pretenders to the throne of Japan during the Nanboku-chō period from 1336 through 1392...
Emperor KōmyōEmperor Komyowas the 2nd of the Ashikaga Pretenders, although he was actually the first to be supported by the Ashikaga Bakufu. According to pre-Meiji scholars, his reign spanned the years from 1336 through 1348.-Genealogy:...
Events of Go-Fushimi's life
Tanehito-shinnō was named Crown Prince or heir in 1289.- EininEininwas a after Shōō and before Shōan. This period spanned the years from August 1293 through April 1299. The reigning emperors were and .-Change of era:* 1298 : The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events...
6, in the 7th month (1298): In the 11th year of Fushimi-tennōs reign (伏見天皇11年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (senso) was received by his son. - Einin 7 1299): Emperor Go-Fushimi is said to have acceded to the throne (sokui) and the nengō was changed to ShōanShoanis the name of an era in Japanese history. This era spanned the years from April 1299 through November 1302. Preceding it was the Einin era, and following it was the Kengen era. The reigning emperors were and .-Change of era:...
to mark the beginning of a new emperor's reign.
- 1301 - Abdicates due to rallying of the Daikakuji Line
- 1308 - Younger brother becomes Emperor HanazonoEmperor HanazonoEmperor Hanazono was the 95th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession...
, retired emperor - 1336 - Died
Fushimi acted as cloistered emperor
Cloistered rule
The Insei system , or cloistered rule, was a specific form of government in Japan during the Heian period. In this bifurcated system, an Emperor abdicated, but he retained power and influence. The emperors who withdrew to live in monasteries continued to act in ways which were intended to...
for a period, but after a while, from 1313 to 1318, Go-Fushimi acted in that function.
During Hanazono's reign, negotiations between the Bakufu and the two lines resulted in an agreement to alternate the throne between the two lines every 10 years (the Bumpō Agreement). This agreement did not last long, being broken by Emperor Go-Daigo
Emperor Go-Daigo
Emperor Go-Daigo was the 96th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession....
.
Go-Fushimi was the author of a famous plea to the god of the Kamo Shrine
Kamo Shrine
is a general term for an important Shinto sanctuary complex on both banks of the Kamo River in northeast Kyoto. It is centered on two shrines. The two shrines, an upper and a lower, lie in a corner of the old capital which was known as the due to traditional geomancy beliefs that the north-east...
for help in gaining the throne for his son. This plea was ultimately successful, but it was not until thirty-three years after his abdication that Go-Fushimi's son, Emperor Kōgon
Emperor Kōgon
Emperor Kōgon was the 1st of Ashikaga Pretenders during the Period of the Northern and Southern Courts in Japan...
became emperor. Kōgon was the first of northern court emperors backed by the Muromachi Bakufu
Ashikaga shogunate
The , also known as the , was a Japanese feudal military regime, ruled by the shoguns of the Ashikaga clan.This period is also known as the Muromachi period and gets its name from Muromachi Street of Kyoto where the third shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu established his residence...
.
Emperor Go-Fushimi is enshrined with other emperors at the imperial tomb called Fukakusa no kita no misasagi (深草北陵) in Fushimi-ku, Kyoto
Fushimi-ku, Kyoto
is one of the eleven wards in the city of Kyoto, in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. Famous places in Fushimi include the Fushimi Inari Shrine, with thousands of torii lining the paths up and down a mountain; Fushimi Castle, originally built by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, with its rebuilt towers and gold-lined...
.
Kugyō
is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of JapanEmperor of Japan
The Emperor of Japan is, according to the 1947 Constitution of Japan, "the symbol of the state and of the unity of the people." He is a ceremonial figurehead under a form of constitutional monarchy and is head of the Japanese Imperial Family with functions as head of state. He is also the highest...
in pre-Meiji
Meiji period
The , also known as the Meiji era, is a Japanese era which extended from September 1868 through July 1912. This period represents the first half of the Empire of Japan.- Meiji Restoration and the emperor :...
eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted.
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Fo-Fushimi's reign, this apex of the Daijō-kan included:
- Sesshō, Takatsukasa KanetadaTakatsukasa Kanetada, son of Kanehira, was a court noble of the Kamakura period. He held the regent positions of Kampaku from 1296 to 1298 and Sessho since 1298. In 1301 he retired and became a priest. Regent Fuyuhira was his son. His other sons include: and ; they did not become kampaku or sessho...
, 1298 - Sesshō, Nijō KanemotoNijo Kanemoto, son of regent Nijō Yoshizane and adopted son of Nijō Morotada, was a Japanese kugyō of the Kamakura period of Japan. He held regent positions sesshō in 1298 and kampaku from 1300 to 1305. Regent Nijō Michihira was his son born by a concubine...
, 1298–1300 - Kampaku, Nijō Kanemoto, 1300–1305
- SadaijinSadaijin, most commonly translated as "Minister of the Left", was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and Heian periods. The position was consolidated in the Taihō Code of 702. The Asuka Kiyomihara Code of 689 marks the initial appearance of the Sadaijin in the context of a central...
- UdaijinUdaijinUdaijin , most commonly translated as the "Minister of the Right", was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and Heian periods. The position was consolidated in the Taihō Code of 702. The Asuka Kiyomihara Code of 689 marks the initial appearance of the Udaijin in the context of a central...
- Nadaijin
- DainagonDainagonwas a counselor of the first rank in the Imperial court of Japan. The role dates from the 7th century.This advisory position remained a part of the Imperial court from the 8th century until the Meiji period in the 19th century....
Eras of Go-Fushimi's reign
The years of Go-Fushimi's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō.- EininEininwas a after Shōō and before Shōan. This period spanned the years from August 1293 through April 1299. The reigning emperors were and .-Change of era:* 1298 : The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events...
(1293–1299) - ShōanShoanis the name of an era in Japanese history. This era spanned the years from April 1299 through November 1302. Preceding it was the Einin era, and following it was the Kengen era. The reigning emperors were and .-Change of era:...
(1299–1302)
See also
- Emperor of JapanEmperor of JapanThe Emperor of Japan is, according to the 1947 Constitution of Japan, "the symbol of the state and of the unity of the people." He is a ceremonial figurehead under a form of constitutional monarchy and is head of the Japanese Imperial Family with functions as head of state. He is also the highest...
- List of Emperors of Japan
- Imperial cultImperial cultAn imperial cult is a form of state religion in which an emperor, or a dynasty of emperors , are worshipped as messiahs, demigods or deities. "Cult" here is used to mean "worship", not in the modern pejorative sense...