Emily Susan Hartwell (Chinese

Chinese language

The Chinese language is a language or language family consisting of varieties which are mutually intelligible to varying degrees. Originally the indigenous languages spoken by the Han Chinese in China, it forms one of the branches of Sino-Tibetan family of languages...

: ; Pinyin

Pinyin

Pinyin is the official system to transcribe Chinese characters into the Roman alphabet in China, Malaysia, Singapore and Taiwan. It is also often used to teach Mandarin Chinese and spell Chinese names in foreign publications and used as an input method to enter Chinese characters into...

: Xià Yǒngměi; Foochow Romanized: Hâ Īng-mī; April 16, 1859 - October 2, 1951) was a Congregational

Congregational church

Congregational churches are Protestant Christian churches practicing Congregationalist church governance, in which each congregation independently and autonomously runs its own affairs....

 Christian

Christian

A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as recorded in the Canonical gospels and the letters of the New Testament...

 educational missionary

Missionary

A missionary is a member of a religious group sent into an area to do evangelism or ministries of service, such as education, literacy, social justice, health care and economic development. The word "mission" originates from 1598 when the Jesuits sent members abroad, derived from the Latin...

 and philanthropist

Philanthropist

A philanthropist is someone who engages in philanthropy; that is, someone who donates his or her time, money, and/or reputation to charitable causes...

 in Foochow, China

China

Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

 under the American Board of Foreign Missions

American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions

The American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions was the first American Christian foreign mission agency. It was proposed in 1810 by recent graduates of Williams College and officially chartered in 1812. In 1961 it merged with other societies to form the United Church Board for World...

.

Life

Miss Emily S. Hartwell was the daughter of Lucy E. Stearns and Charles Hartwell

Charles Hartwell

Rev. Charles Hartwell was an American Board missionary to Foochow, China in the second half of the 19th century.- Life and work :Charles Hartwell was born in Lincoln, Massachusetts on December 19, 1825, and was fitted for college at Westford Academy in Westford, Massachusetts...

 , who were the pioneering Congregational missionaries stationed in Foochow. She graduated from Wheaton College

Wheaton College (Massachusetts)

Wheaton College is a four-year, private liberal arts college with an approximate student body of 1,550. Wheaton's residential campus is located in Norton, Massachusetts, between Boston, Massachusetts and Providence, Rhode Island. Founded in 1834 as a female seminary, it is one of the oldest...

 in 1883 and taught there before her mother died in Foochow and she returned as a missionary.

She started a girls' school at Ponasang  and for 20 years she taught English

English language

English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...

 at Foochow College

Foochow College

Foochow College was a college in Foochow, China. It had a long history in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century with American Christian missionaries who taught there....

 . When Foochow was inundated by a flood in 1900 Miss Hartwell organized relief work. She also founded an orphanage named the Christian Herald Fukien Industrial Homes  at Ado . After the fall

Xinhai Revolution

The Xinhai Revolution or Hsinhai Revolution, also known as Revolution of 1911 or the Chinese Revolution, was a revolution that overthrew China's last imperial dynasty, the Qing , and established the Republic of China...

 of the Qing Dynasty

Qing Dynasty

The Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917. It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and followed by the Republic of China....

 in 1911 she raised funds to aid the stranded and starving Manchus in Foochow. Other charitable institutions established by her included the Union Kindergarten Training School, the Christian Women's Industrial Institute, and the Dr. Cordelia A. Green Memorial Home.

Miss Hartwell received the Order of Golden Grain from the president of the Fukian Provincial Government. She was evacuated from Foochow in 1937 during the Sino-Japanese War

Second Sino-Japanese War

The Second Sino-Japanese War was a military conflict fought primarily between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. From 1937 to 1941, China fought Japan with some economic help from Germany , the Soviet Union and the United States...

, and died in Oberlin, Ohio

Oberlin, Ohio

Oberlin is a city in Lorain County, Ohio, United States, to the south and west of Cleveland. Oberlin is perhaps best known for being the home of Oberlin College, a liberal arts college and music conservatory with approximately 3,000 students...

in 1951.