Elections in Chile
Encyclopedia
Chile holds nationwide presidential, parliamentary and municipal elections.
The electoral process is supervised by the Electoral Service (Servicio Electoral), which is independent from the government. Winners are officially proclaimed by the Election Qualifying Court (Tribunal Calificador de Elecciones).
as well as foreigners legally residing in Chile for at least five years, who are 18 years of age or older on the day of the election, are eligible to enroll and subsequently vote in the elections. Enrollment in Chile is voluntary, however, once electors are registered, voting is compulsory for any future election, except for foreigners, whose vote is always voluntary. Chileans are not allowed to vote overseas. The deadline for registration is 90 days prior to an ordinary election. (In April 2009, a constitutional amendment changed voting from compulsory to voluntary and introduced an automatic registration system. These changes will come into effect once the ad-hoc laws are approved.)
Women's suffrage
was achieved in 1934 for local elections. In 1949 voting was extended to literate women over 21. Full universal suffrage
was achieved in 1970, with men and women over 18 eligible to vote, regardless of their ability to read and write.
, who serves as chief of state and head of government
for a period of four years (six years between 1994–2006 and before 1973). Perpetual non-consecutive reelection is permitted.
The President is directly-elected
nationwide by the absolute majority of the valid votes (excludes nulls and blanks). If no candidate obtains such majority, a runoff
between the two most voted candidates is held. Before 1989, the president was confirmed by Congress if elected by a simple majority
.
Each legally operating political party may present one of its members as candidate. Independent candidates are required to gain the support of a number of independent electors prior to registering their candidacy. The number of signatures needed is equal to at least 0.5% of the number of people who last voted in the Chamber of Deputies election, nation-wide. For the 2009 election, the number was 36,037 signatures.
According to the Constitution, presidential elections take place on the third Sunday of November of the year before the incumbent
president's term expires. A runoff election —if necessary— takes place on the fourth Sunday following the election. The president is sworn in on the day the incumbent president's term expires. Since 1990 that day has been March 11.
Before 2011 presidential elections took place 90 days before the incumbent president's term expired. If that day was not a Sunday, the election was moved to the next Sunday. A runoff election —if necessary— took place 30 days after the first election. The Sunday rule was also observed. The president is sworn in (in most cases) on March 11; thus, elections took place on or after December 11 of the previous year.
(lower house) and a Senate
(upper house). The country is divided into 60 electoral districts for the lower house and 19 senatorial constituencies for the Senate. (See Electoral division of Chile
for details.) Each electoral district or senatorial constituency elects two representatives. That is, 120 deputies and 38 senators, in total.
Deputies serve for four years and senators for eight years. Both deputies and senators may seek reelection indefinitely. Half the Senate is renewed every four years. In the first Senate after the restoration of democracy in 1990, senators from odd-numbered regions served for four years (1990-1994), while senators from even-numbered regions plus the Santiago Metropolitan Region
served for eight years (1990-1998). The senators from odd-numbered regions elected in 1993 served the usual eight years (1994-2002).
The Constitution establishes that parliamentary elections will be held in conjunction with presidential elections.
The law permits candidates to run as either independent or within a "list." A list is made up of up to two candidates per electoral district or senatorial constituency. There are single-party lists and multiple-party lists (or "pacts"). Within an electoral district or senatorial constituency, pacts may include candidates either from the same political party, two different parties, a combination of a party candidate with an independent candidate, or two independent candidates. Single-party lists are bound to include only candidates from one party and are not allowed to include independent candidates. A political party can only be part of one list, nation-wide. An independent candidate not running within a list is termed a "nominee" and to successfully register their candidacy they must collect a number of signatures equal to at least 0.5% of the number of people who last voted in that electoral district or senatorial constituency.
For a list to take both seats in an electoral district or senatorial constituency, it must outpoll the second most-voted list or nominee by a margin exceeding 2-to-1. When this fails, the two most voted lists or nominees obtain one seat each. In a winning two-candidate list, the seat is awarded to the most voted candidate of the two. The system is essentially the same as the d'Hondt method
with only two seats allocated.
in place until 1973. Gerrymandering
was employed in the drawing of electoral districts to assure the right at least a third of the votes in most districts. (See Gerrymandering#Chile for additional details.) The dictatorship also made it very difficult to change the system, as a three fifths majority of both chambers is needed to modify it.
The Concertación governing coalition believes the system undermines its majority in Congress, while overestimating the representation of the right. The right views the system as necessary for the country's stability and governance as it avoids the atomization of power, encouraging the creation of large coalitions. The far-left sees the system as undemocratic, because it negates representation to a substantial minority.
Another common criticism is that some voters are overrepresented while others are underrepresented, because electoral districts and, especially, senatorial constituencies vary greatly in population. For example, a vote in the scarcely populated senatorial constituency 19 (Aisén Region) is worth as much as 27 votes in the populous senatorial constituency 8 (eastern Santiago Metropolitan Region), as all constituencies elect two seats.
, while councilmen seats (ranging from 6 to 10, depending on the number of registered voters in each municipality) are decided using by a system of proportional representation
, similar to the d'Hondt method
. Mayors are elected in a separate ballot since 2004. Indefinite reelection is allowed.
The law establishes that municipal elections will take place every four years on the last Sunday of October. The newly elected authorities take office on December 6 of that same year.
provides for binding referendums only in the case a constitutional reform passed by Congress
is completely vetoed by the President
and then re-approved by Congress by a two-thirds majority of each chamber. In such occurrence the President has the authority to either sign the reform into law or call for a referendum. To date, the President has not exercised such power.
s per regional province. Each region is allotted two board members per province plus 10 more in regions with up to 1 million inhabitants or 14 more in regions with over 1 million people. These additional board members are apportioned to provinces in relation to their share of the regional population in the latest census using the d'Hondt method
. The winners within each province are those who obtain the most votes. However, if within a province, two or more candidates decide to run together as a list, then the winners are decided using the d'Hondt method. The last election took place on December 21, 2008 and the elected board members took office on February 19, 2009.
In October 2009 the Constitution was modified to allow the direct election by universal suffrage of the regional board members, who along with the intendant (appointed by the President of the Republic) form the regional government. They will serve for four years with the possibility of reelection. The number of regional board members will be proportional to the region's population and area in relation to the country. The law regulating regional governments has not been modified to reflect this change, thus it is not known when the first such election will take place.
s have been used in Chile by the Concertación coalition to select its candidate for President of the Republic in 1993, 1999 and 2009 (in 2005 they were cancelled, after one of two contenders quit the race), and by the Juntos Podemos pact to select its presidential candidate in 2009.
Primaries were not established in law until January 2010, when they were added to the Constitution as an option for political parties to choose candidates to any directly elected post. The Constitution states that the primary results are legally binding for political parties that submit to them and that the losing candidates are ineligible for the same election in the respective office.
Primaries will be an option once the specific law regulating them is approved.
s, which are, in most cases, schools and sporting centers. Mixed-sex polling places do exist, but are rare, and men and women still cast their ballots in separate boxes in such cases. The armed forces
and uniformed police (Carabineros
) are in charge of providing security to these places before, during, and after the elections.
A national identity card is the only document needed to vote. The vote is secret
and in person. Before voting, the voter must give out their national identity card (which is retained during the process) to verify they are registered at that particular polling place and then sign a registration book. The voter is then given the ballot(s) and enters a voting booth
where they must mark their choice by drawing a vertical line over a printed horizontal line next to their candidate of choice by using a previously provided graphite pencil. Ballots are pre-printed with all the candidate names, their ballot number and their party affiliation. The marking of two or more choices nullifies the vote. A vote is considered "blank" when no candidate was correctly marked. The voter then places the ballot(s) inside the appropriate ballot box
(es). Before exiting the polling place the voter's right-hand thumb is marked with ink
and their identity card returned.
The electoral process is supervised by the Electoral Service (Servicio Electoral), which is independent from the government. Winners are officially proclaimed by the Election Qualifying Court (Tribunal Calificador de Elecciones).
Electorate
All citizens of ChileChile
Chile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...
as well as foreigners legally residing in Chile for at least five years, who are 18 years of age or older on the day of the election, are eligible to enroll and subsequently vote in the elections. Enrollment in Chile is voluntary, however, once electors are registered, voting is compulsory for any future election, except for foreigners, whose vote is always voluntary. Chileans are not allowed to vote overseas. The deadline for registration is 90 days prior to an ordinary election. (In April 2009, a constitutional amendment changed voting from compulsory to voluntary and introduced an automatic registration system. These changes will come into effect once the ad-hoc laws are approved.)
Women's suffrage
Women's suffrage
Women's suffrage or woman suffrage is the right of women to vote and to run for office. The expression is also used for the economic and political reform movement aimed at extending these rights to women and without any restrictions or qualifications such as property ownership, payment of tax, or...
was achieved in 1934 for local elections. In 1949 voting was extended to literate women over 21. Full universal suffrage
Universal suffrage
Universal suffrage consists of the extension of the right to vote to adult citizens as a whole, though it may also mean extending said right to minors and non-citizens...
was achieved in 1970, with men and women over 18 eligible to vote, regardless of their ability to read and write.
Presidential elections
Presidential elections elect a presidentPresident of Chile
The President of the Republic of Chile is both the head of state and the head of government of the Republic of Chile. The President is responsible of the government and state administration...
, who serves as chief of state and head of government
Head of government
Head of government is the chief officer of the executive branch of a government, often presiding over a cabinet. In a parliamentary system, the head of government is often styled prime minister, chief minister, premier, etc...
for a period of four years (six years between 1994–2006 and before 1973). Perpetual non-consecutive reelection is permitted.
The President is directly-elected
Direct election
Direct election is a term describing a system of choosing political officeholders in which the voters directly cast ballots for the person, persons or political party that they desire to see elected. The method by which the winner or winners of a direct election are chosen depends upon the...
nationwide by the absolute majority of the valid votes (excludes nulls and blanks). If no candidate obtains such majority, a runoff
Two-round system
The two-round system is a voting system used to elect a single winner where the voter casts a single vote for their chosen candidate...
between the two most voted candidates is held. Before 1989, the president was confirmed by Congress if elected by a simple majority
Majority
A majority is a subset of a group consisting of more than half of its members. This can be compared to a plurality, which is a subset larger than any other subset; i.e. a plurality is not necessarily a majority as the largest subset may consist of less than half the group's population...
.
Each legally operating political party may present one of its members as candidate. Independent candidates are required to gain the support of a number of independent electors prior to registering their candidacy. The number of signatures needed is equal to at least 0.5% of the number of people who last voted in the Chamber of Deputies election, nation-wide. For the 2009 election, the number was 36,037 signatures.
According to the Constitution, presidential elections take place on the third Sunday of November of the year before the incumbent
Incumbent
The incumbent, in politics, is the existing holder of a political office. This term is usually used in reference to elections, in which races can often be defined as being between an incumbent and non-incumbent. For example, in the 2004 United States presidential election, George W...
president's term expires. A runoff election —if necessary— takes place on the fourth Sunday following the election. The president is sworn in on the day the incumbent president's term expires. Since 1990 that day has been March 11.
Before 2011 presidential elections took place 90 days before the incumbent president's term expired. If that day was not a Sunday, the election was moved to the next Sunday. A runoff election —if necessary— took place 30 days after the first election. The Sunday rule was also observed. The president is sworn in (in most cases) on March 11; thus, elections took place on or after December 11 of the previous year.
Parliamentary elections
Chile's bicameral Congress consists of a Chamber of DeputiesChamber of Deputies of Chile
The Chamber of Deputies of the Republic of Chile is the lower house of Chile's bicameral Congress. Its organisation and its powers and duties are defined in articles 42 to 59 of Chile's current constitution....
(lower house) and a Senate
Senate of Chile
The Senate of the Republic of Chile is the upper house of Chile's bicameral National Congress, as established in the current Constitution of Chile.-Composition:...
(upper house). The country is divided into 60 electoral districts for the lower house and 19 senatorial constituencies for the Senate. (See Electoral division of Chile
Electoral division of Chile
To elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and of the Senate, Chile is divided into several electoral divisions, namely electoral districts and senatorial constituencies.-Electoral districts:...
for details.) Each electoral district or senatorial constituency elects two representatives. That is, 120 deputies and 38 senators, in total.
Deputies serve for four years and senators for eight years. Both deputies and senators may seek reelection indefinitely. Half the Senate is renewed every four years. In the first Senate after the restoration of democracy in 1990, senators from odd-numbered regions served for four years (1990-1994), while senators from even-numbered regions plus the Santiago Metropolitan Region
Santiago Metropolitan Region
Santiago Metropolitan Region or simply Metropolitan Region is one of Chile's 15 first order administrative divisions. It is the country's only landlocked administrative region and contains the nation's capital, Santiago...
served for eight years (1990-1998). The senators from odd-numbered regions elected in 1993 served the usual eight years (1994-2002).
The Constitution establishes that parliamentary elections will be held in conjunction with presidential elections.
The law permits candidates to run as either independent or within a "list." A list is made up of up to two candidates per electoral district or senatorial constituency. There are single-party lists and multiple-party lists (or "pacts"). Within an electoral district or senatorial constituency, pacts may include candidates either from the same political party, two different parties, a combination of a party candidate with an independent candidate, or two independent candidates. Single-party lists are bound to include only candidates from one party and are not allowed to include independent candidates. A political party can only be part of one list, nation-wide. An independent candidate not running within a list is termed a "nominee" and to successfully register their candidacy they must collect a number of signatures equal to at least 0.5% of the number of people who last voted in that electoral district or senatorial constituency.
For a list to take both seats in an electoral district or senatorial constituency, it must outpoll the second most-voted list or nominee by a margin exceeding 2-to-1. When this fails, the two most voted lists or nominees obtain one seat each. In a winning two-candidate list, the seat is awarded to the most voted candidate of the two. The system is essentially the same as the d'Hondt method
D'Hondt method
The d'Hondt method is a highest averages method for allocating seats in party-list proportional representation. The method described is named after Belgian mathematician Victor D'Hondt who described it in 1878...
with only two seats allocated.
Criticism
This system was established by the military dictatorship that ruled the country until 1990, replacing the proportional systemProportional representation
Proportional representation is a concept in voting systems used to elect an assembly or council. PR means that the number of seats won by a party or group of candidates is proportionate to the number of votes received. For example, under a PR voting system if 30% of voters support a particular...
in place until 1973. Gerrymandering
Gerrymandering
In the process of setting electoral districts, gerrymandering is a practice that attempts to establish a political advantage for a particular party or group by manipulating geographic boundaries to create partisan, incumbent-protected districts...
was employed in the drawing of electoral districts to assure the right at least a third of the votes in most districts. (See Gerrymandering#Chile for additional details.) The dictatorship also made it very difficult to change the system, as a three fifths majority of both chambers is needed to modify it.
The Concertación governing coalition believes the system undermines its majority in Congress, while overestimating the representation of the right. The right views the system as necessary for the country's stability and governance as it avoids the atomization of power, encouraging the creation of large coalitions. The far-left sees the system as undemocratic, because it negates representation to a substantial minority.
Another common criticism is that some voters are overrepresented while others are underrepresented, because electoral districts and, especially, senatorial constituencies vary greatly in population. For example, a vote in the scarcely populated senatorial constituency 19 (Aisén Region) is worth as much as 27 votes in the populous senatorial constituency 8 (eastern Santiago Metropolitan Region), as all constituencies elect two seats.
Municipal elections
Municipal elections elect one mayor and a number of councilmen per municipality. Mayors are elected by a simple majoritySimple majority
Simple majority may refer to:In American and Canadian usage:* Majority, a voting requirement of more than half of all ballots castUsage elsewhere:* Plurality, a voting requirement of more ballots cast for a proposition than for any other option...
, while councilmen seats (ranging from 6 to 10, depending on the number of registered voters in each municipality) are decided using by a system of proportional representation
Proportional representation
Proportional representation is a concept in voting systems used to elect an assembly or council. PR means that the number of seats won by a party or group of candidates is proportionate to the number of votes received. For example, under a PR voting system if 30% of voters support a particular...
, similar to the d'Hondt method
D'Hondt method
The d'Hondt method is a highest averages method for allocating seats in party-list proportional representation. The method described is named after Belgian mathematician Victor D'Hondt who described it in 1878...
. Mayors are elected in a separate ballot since 2004. Indefinite reelection is allowed.
The law establishes that municipal elections will take place every four years on the last Sunday of October. The newly elected authorities take office on December 6 of that same year.
National referendums
The ConstitutionConstitution of Chile
In its temporary dispositions, the document ordered the transition from the former military government, with Augusto Pinochet as President of the Republic, and the Legislative Power of the Military Junta , to a civil one, with a time frame of eight...
provides for binding referendums only in the case a constitutional reform passed by Congress
National Congress of Chile
The National Congress is the legislative branch of the government of the Republic of Chile.The National Congress of Chile was founded on July 4, 1811...
is completely vetoed by the President
President of Chile
The President of the Republic of Chile is both the head of state and the head of government of the Republic of Chile. The President is responsible of the government and state administration...
and then re-approved by Congress by a two-thirds majority of each chamber. In such occurrence the President has the authority to either sign the reform into law or call for a referendum. To date, the President has not exercised such power.
Regional elections
Regional board members are currently elected by each region's municipal councilmen, who form electoral collegeElectoral college
An electoral college is a set of electors who are selected to elect a candidate to a particular office. Often these represent different organizations or entities, with each organization or entity represented by a particular number of electors or with votes weighted in a particular way...
s per regional province. Each region is allotted two board members per province plus 10 more in regions with up to 1 million inhabitants or 14 more in regions with over 1 million people. These additional board members are apportioned to provinces in relation to their share of the regional population in the latest census using the d'Hondt method
D'Hondt method
The d'Hondt method is a highest averages method for allocating seats in party-list proportional representation. The method described is named after Belgian mathematician Victor D'Hondt who described it in 1878...
. The winners within each province are those who obtain the most votes. However, if within a province, two or more candidates decide to run together as a list, then the winners are decided using the d'Hondt method. The last election took place on December 21, 2008 and the elected board members took office on February 19, 2009.
In October 2009 the Constitution was modified to allow the direct election by universal suffrage of the regional board members, who along with the intendant (appointed by the President of the Republic) form the regional government. They will serve for four years with the possibility of reelection. The number of regional board members will be proportional to the region's population and area in relation to the country. The law regulating regional governments has not been modified to reflect this change, thus it is not known when the first such election will take place.
Primaries
Primary electionPrimary election
A primary election is an election in which party members or voters select candidates for a subsequent election. Primary elections are one means by which a political party nominates candidates for the next general election....
s have been used in Chile by the Concertación coalition to select its candidate for President of the Republic in 1993, 1999 and 2009 (in 2005 they were cancelled, after one of two contenders quit the race), and by the Juntos Podemos pact to select its presidential candidate in 2009.
Primaries were not established in law until January 2010, when they were added to the Constitution as an option for political parties to choose candidates to any directly elected post. The Constitution states that the primary results are legally binding for political parties that submit to them and that the losing candidates are ineligible for the same election in the respective office.
Primaries will be an option once the specific law regulating them is approved.
Voting
Men and women are enrolled in separate records and, thus, vote in separate polling stationPolling station
A polling place or polling station is where voters cast their ballots in elections.Since elections generally take place over a one- or two-day span on a periodic basis, often annual or longer, polling places are often located in facilities used for other purposes, such as schools, churches, sports...
s, which are, in most cases, schools and sporting centers. Mixed-sex polling places do exist, but are rare, and men and women still cast their ballots in separate boxes in such cases. The armed forces
Military of Chile
Chile's armed forces are subject to civilian control exercised by the president through the Minister of Defense. Military service of 12 to 24 months is mandatory for all male citizens upon turning 18. This conscription service can be postponed for educational or religious reasons...
and uniformed police (Carabineros
Carabineros de Chile
thumb|250px|Carabineros de Chile, patrolling a street in [[Santiago, Chile|Santiago]]The Carabiniers of Chile, are the uniformed Chilean national police force and gendarmerie, created on April 27, 1927. Their mission is to maintain order and create public respect for the laws of the country...
) are in charge of providing security to these places before, during, and after the elections.
A national identity card is the only document needed to vote. The vote is secret
Secret ballot
The secret ballot is a voting method in which a voter's choices in an election or a referendum are anonymous. The key aim is to ensure the voter records a sincere choice by forestalling attempts to influence the voter by intimidation or bribery. The system is one means of achieving the goal of...
and in person. Before voting, the voter must give out their national identity card (which is retained during the process) to verify they are registered at that particular polling place and then sign a registration book. The voter is then given the ballot(s) and enters a voting booth
Voting booth
A voting booth or polling booth is a room or cabin in a polling station where voters are able to cast their vote in private to protect the secrecy of the ballot. Commonly the entrance to the voting booth is a retractable curtain...
where they must mark their choice by drawing a vertical line over a printed horizontal line next to their candidate of choice by using a previously provided graphite pencil. Ballots are pre-printed with all the candidate names, their ballot number and their party affiliation. The marking of two or more choices nullifies the vote. A vote is considered "blank" when no candidate was correctly marked. The voter then places the ballot(s) inside the appropriate ballot box
Ballot box
A ballot box is a temporarily sealed container, usually square box though sometimes a tamper resistant bag, with a narrow slot in the top sufficient to accept a ballot paper in an election but which prevents anyone from accessing the votes cast until the close of the voting period...
(es). Before exiting the polling place the voter's right-hand thumb is marked with ink
Election ink
Election ink or electoral stain is a semi-permanent ink or dye that is applied to the forefinger of voters during elections in order to prevent electoral fraud such as double voting...
and their identity card returned.
Suffrage
The state of suffrage in Chile since 1925:- From 1925: Men over 21 able to read and write. (Art. 7 of the 1925 Constitution) [Note: The Constitution used the gender-ambiguous word chilenos which strictly means "Chilean men" but may also mean "Chilean people".]
- From 1934: Men over 21 able to read and write (general registry); women over 25 able to read and write (municipal registry, i.e. limited to local elections). (Law No. 5,357)
- From 1949: Men and women over 21 able to read and write. (Law No. 9,292)
- From 1970 until today: Men and women over 18. (Law No. 17,284 modifying Art. 7 of the 1925 Constitution; Art. 13 of the 1980 Constitution)
Turnout
Election turnout since 1925.| Date | Election | % | % | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1925-10-24 | President | 302,142 | 86.4 | ||||
| 1927-05-22 | President | 328,700 | 70.4 | ||||
| 1931-10-04 | President | 388,959 | 73.5 | ||||
| 1932-10-30 | President | 464,879 | 74.0 | ||||
| 1938-10-25 | President | 503,871 | 88.1 | ||||
| 1942-02-02 | President | 581,486 | 80.2 | ||||
| 1946-09-04 | President | 631,257 | 75.9 | ||||
| 1952-09-04 | President | 1,105,029 | 86.6 | ||||
| 1953 | Legislative | 1,106,709 | 68.6 | ||||
| 1957 | Legislative | 1,284,159 | 70.5 | ||||
| 1958-09-04 | President | 1,497,902 | 83.5 | ||||
| 1961-03-12 | Legislative | 1,858,980 | 74.5 | ||||
| 1964-09-04 | President | 2,915,121 | 86.8 | ||||
| 1965-03-14 | Legislative | 2,920,615 | 80.6 | ||||
| 1969-03-16 | Legislative | 3,244,892 | 74.2 | ||||
| 1970-09-04 | President | 3,539,747 | 81.8 | ||||
| 1973-11-03 | Legislative | 4,509,559 | 81.8 | ||||
| 1988-10-05 | Plebiscite | 7,435,913 | 7,251,933 | 97.53 | |||
| 1989-07-30 | Plebiscite | 7,556,613 | 7,082,084 | 93.72 | |||
| 1989-12-14 | Chamber of Deputies | 7,557,537 | 7,158,646 | 94.72 | |||
| 1989-12-14 | Senate | 7,557,537 | 7,158,442 | 94.72 | |||
| 1989-12-14 | President | 7,557,537 | 7,158,727 | 94.72 | |||
| 1992-06-28 | Municipal | 8,867,404 | 7,840,008 | 88.41 | 7,043,827 | 89.84 | 79.44 |
| 1993-12-11 | Chamber of Deputies | 9,135,407 | 8,085,439 | 88.51 | 7,385,016 | 91.34 | 80.84 |
| 1993-12-11 | Senate | 2,045,681 | |||||
| 1993-12-11 | President | 9,135,407 | 8,085,439 | 88.51 | 7,376,691 | 91.23 | 80.75 |
| 1996-10-27 | Municipal | 9,654,796 | 8,073,368 | 83.62 | 7,079,418 | 87.69 | 73.33 |
| 1997-12-14 | Chamber of Deputies | 9,854,233 | 8,069,624 | 81.89 | 7,046,351 | 87.32 | 71.51 |
| 1997-12-14 | Senate | 5,102,906 | |||||
| 1999-12-12 | President | 10,205,559 | 8,084,476 | 79.22 | 7,271,584 | 89.95 | 71.25 |
| 2000-01-16 | President-Runoff | 10,205,559 | 8,084,476 | 79.22 | 7,326,753 | 90.63 | 71.79 |
| 2000-10-29 | Municipal | 10,370,011 | 8,089,363 | 78.01 | 7,089,886 | 87.64 | 68.37 |
| 2001-12-16 | Chamber of Deputies | 10,600,931 | 8,075,446 | 76.18 | 7,034,292 | 87.11 | 66.36 |
| 2001-12-16 | Senate | 1,975,017 | |||||
| 2004-10-31 | Council people | 11,187,459 | 8,012,065 | 71.62 | 6,874,315 | 85.80 | 61.45 |
| 2004-10-31 | Mayors | 11,187,459 | 8,012,065 | 71.62 | 6,872,675 | 85.78 | 61.43 |
| 2005-12-11 | Chamber of Deputies | 11,419,104 | 8,220,897 | 71.99 | 7,207,351 | 87.67 | 63.12 |
| 2005-12-11 | Senate | 5,863,704 | 5,182,224 | 88.38 | |||
| 2005-12-11 | President | 11,419,104 | 8,220,897 | 71.99 | 7,207,278 | 87.67 | 63.12 |
| 2006-01-15 | President-Runoff | 11,419,104 | 8,220,897 | 71.99 | 7,162,345 | 87.12 | 62.72 |
| 2008-10-26 | Council people | 12,035,307 | 8,110,265 | 67.39 | 6,950,508 | 85.70 | 57.75 |
| 2008-10-26 | Mayors | 12,035,307 | 8,110,265 | 67.39 | 6,959,075 | 85.81 | 57.82 |
| 2009-12-13 | Chamber of Deputies | 12,277,915 | 8,285,186 | 67.48 | 7,263,537 | 87.67 | 59.16 |
| 2009-12-13 | Senate | 2,392,477 | 2,053,480 | 85.83 | |||
| 2009-12-13 | President | 12,277,915 | 8,285,186 | 67.48 | 7,264,136 | 87.68 | 59.16 |
| 2010-01-17 | President-Runoff | 12,277,915 | 8,285,186 | 67.48 | 7,203,371 | 86.94 | 58.67 |
- Voting Age Population: An estimation of the country's population over the age of 18 on the day of the election. Source: National Statistics Office (INE). Note: The INE provides data estimated for June 30 of each year disaggregated by age. Linear interpolationLinear interpolationLinear interpolation is a method of curve fitting using linear polynomials. Lerp is an abbreviation for linear interpolation, which can also be used as a verb .-Linear interpolation between two known points:...
was applied to obtain the population for a specific day. - Source: Electoral Service (Servel) (1925-1973; 1988-2005; 2009).
- Source: Interior Ministry.
- Turnout as a percentage of the voting age population.
See also
- Elections in PichilemuElections in PichilemuThis is a list of elections in Pichilemu, since the Chilean transition to democracy in 1989. Seventeen elections have occurred since then, including five municipal ones, and a special one in 2009, held in the Pichilemu City Council, which elected Roberto Córdova Carreño as mayor of the city,...
- Electoral calendar
- Electoral system
External links
- Archive of recent elections (Chilean Ministry of Interior)
- Archive of past elections
- Chile's Electoral Service (Servel)
- Adam Carr's Election Archive