Earl of Strathearn
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The Mormaer of Strathearn or Earl of Strathearn was a provincial ruler in medieval Scotland
Medieval Scotland
*Scotland in the Early Middle Ages*Scotland in the High Middle Ages*Scotland in the Late Middle Ages...
. Of unknown origin, the mormaer
Mormaer
The title of Mormaer designates a regional or provincial ruler in the medieval Kingdom of the Scots. In theory, although not always in practice, a Mormaer was second only to the King of Scots, and the senior of a toisech.-Origin:...
s are attested for the first time in a document perhaps dating to 1115. The first known mormaer, Maol Íosa I
Máel Ísu I, Earl of Strathearn
Máel Ísu I , , is the earliest known Mormaer of Strathearn...
is mentioned by Ailred of Rievaulx
Ailred of Rievaulx
Aelred , also Aelred, Ælred, Æthelred, etc., was an English writer, abbot of Rievaulx , and saint.-Life:...
as leading native Scots in the company of King David I
David I of Scotland
David I or Dabíd mac Maíl Choluim was a 12th-century ruler who was Prince of the Cumbrians and later King of the Scots...
at the Battle of the Standard
Battle of the Standard
The Battle of the Standard, sometimes called the Battle of Northallerton, in which English forces repelled a Scottish army, took place on 22 August 1138 on Cowton Moor near Northallerton in Yorkshire. The Scottish forces were led by King David I of Scotland...
, 1138. The last ruler of the Strathearn line was Maol Íosa V
Maol Íosa V, Earl of Strathearn
Maol Íosa V of Strathearn was the last of the native Gaelic family of Strathearn mormaers. He ruled Strathearn as mormaer/earl between 1330 and 1334, and was Earl of Orkney between 1331 and 1350....
, also Earl of Orkney
Earl of Orkney
The Earl of Orkney was originally a Norse jarl ruling Orkney, Shetland and parts of Caithness and Sutherland. The Earls were periodically subject to the kings of Norway for the Northern Isles, and later also to the kings of Alba for those parts of their territory in mainland Scotland . The Earl's...
, who chose the wrong side in the Balliol-Bruce conflict which followed the death of King Robert I of Scotland
Robert I of Scotland
Robert I , popularly known as Robert the Bruce , was King of Scots from March 25, 1306, until his death in 1329.His paternal ancestors were of Scoto-Norman heritage , and...
. In 1344 possession was given to Maurice de Moravia, a royal favourite
Favourite
A favourite , or favorite , was the intimate companion of a ruler or other important person. In medieval and Early Modern Europe, among other times and places, the term is used of individuals delegated significant political power by a ruler...
who had a vague claim to the lordship.
Strathearn has since been used as a peerage title for James Stewart
James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray
James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray , a member of the House of Stewart as the illegitimate son of King James V, was Regent of Scotland for his nephew, the infant King James VI of Scotland, from 1567 until his assassination in 1570...
, an illegitimate son of King James V of Scotland
James V of Scotland
James V was King of Scots from 9 September 1513 until his death, which followed the Scottish defeat at the Battle of Solway Moss...
, who was created Lord Abernethy and Strathearn and Earl of Moray
Earl of Moray
The title Earl of Moray has been created several times in the Peerage of Scotland.Prior to the formal establishment of the peerage, Earl of Moray, numerous individuals ruled the kingdom of Moray or Mormaer of Moray until 1130 when the kingdom was destroyed by David I of Scotland.-History of the...
in 1562. In 1631, William Graham, 7th Earl of Menteith
William Graham, 7th Earl of Menteith
William Graham , 7th Earl of Menteith, 1st Earl of Airth, was a Scottish nobleman.-Biography:Appointed a member of the Privy Council of Scotland in 1626, he was Lord President of the Court of Session from 1628, an office he held in conjunction with that of Lord Justice General...
was confirmed in this dignity as heir of line of Euphemia Stewart, Countess of Strathearn
Euphemia Stewart, Countess of Strathearn
Euphemia Stewart was a medieval Scottish noblewoman, the daughter of David Stewart, Earl Palatine of Strathearn and Caithness. She succeeded to both her father's titles after his death between 1385 and 1389, probably March 1386....
(d. 1415), but was forced to settle for the less prestigious title of the Earl of Airth
Earl of Airth
Earl of Airth was a title in the Peerage of Scotland created on 21 January 1633 by Charles I, for William Graham, 7th Earl of Menteith. It became extinct on the death of his son in 1694.-Earls of Airth :*William Graham, 1st Earl of Airth...
in 1633.
It has also been granted to members of the Royal Family
British Royal Family
The British Royal Family is the group of close relatives of the monarch of the United Kingdom. The term is also commonly applied to the same group of people as the relations of the monarch in her or his role as sovereign of any of the other Commonwealth realms, thus sometimes at variance with...
in the titles of Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn (created 1766, extinct 1790), Duke of Kent and Strathearn (created 1799, extinct 1820) and Duke of Connaught and Strathearn
Duke of Connaught and Strathearn
The title Duke of Connaught and Strathearn was granted by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to her third son, Prince Arthur....
(created 1874, extinct 1943).
On April 29 2011, the title was recreated when Queen Elizabeth II conferred the title on Prince William of Wales.
Ancient Earls of Strathearn
- Máel Ísu I, Earl of StrathearnMáel Ísu I, Earl of StrathearnMáel Ísu I , , is the earliest known Mormaer of Strathearn...
(fl.FloruitFloruit , abbreviated fl. , is a Latin verb meaning "flourished", denoting the period of time during which something was active...
1138) - Ferchar, Earl of StrathearnFerchar, Earl of StrathearnMormaer Ferchar is the second earliest known Mormaer of Strathearn, but as with other Mormaerdoms, this is simply a source problem and in no way means the he actually was the second....
(fl. 1160) - Gille Brigte, Earl of StrathearnGille Brigte, Earl of StrathearnGille Brigte of Strathearn is the third known Mormaer of Strathearn. He is one of the most famous of the Strathearn mormaers. He succeeded his father Ferchar in 1171. He is often known by the Francization of his name, Gilbert, or by various anglicizations, such as Gilbride, Gilbridge, etc...
(1171–1223) - Robert, Earl of StrathearnRobert, Earl of StrathearnRobert of Strathearn, who ruled Strathearn 1223–1245, is the fourth known Mormaer of Strathearn, but of course this is simply a source problem and certainly does not mean that he actually was the fourth.Robert was the fourth son of Mormaer Gille Brigte...
(1223–1245) - Maol Íosa II, Earl of StrathearnMaol Íosa II, Earl of StrathearnMaol Íosa II of Strathearn who ruled Strathearn 1245–1271, is the fifth known Mormaer of Strathearn, but of course this is simply a source problem and in no way means that he actually was the fifth....
(1245–1271) - Maol Íosa III, Earl of StrathearnMaol Íosa III, Earl of StrathearnMaol Íosa III of Strathearn, who ruled Strathearn 1271 to 1317, is the sixth known Mormaer of Strathearn; but this is a source problem and in no way means that he was the sixth in reality....
(1271–1317) - Maol Íosa IV, Earl of StrathearnMaol Íosa IV, Earl of StrathearnMaol Íosa IV of Strathearn, who ruled Strathearn , is the seventh known Mormaer of Strathearn, but of course this is simply a source problem and in no way means that he was the seventh in actuality....
(1317–1329) - Maol Íosa V, Earl of StrathearnMaol Íosa V, Earl of StrathearnMaol Íosa V of Strathearn was the last of the native Gaelic family of Strathearn mormaers. He ruled Strathearn as mormaer/earl between 1330 and 1334, and was Earl of Orkney between 1331 and 1350....
(1330–1334) (d. 1350 as Earl of OrkneyEarl of OrkneyThe Earl of Orkney was originally a Norse jarl ruling Orkney, Shetland and parts of Caithness and Sutherland. The Earls were periodically subject to the kings of Norway for the Northern Isles, and later also to the kings of Alba for those parts of their territory in mainland Scotland . The Earl's...
)
Earls of Strathearn, Moray line beginning 1344
- Maurice de Moravia, Earl of StrathearnMaurice de Moravia, Earl of StrathearnMaurice de Moravia, Earl of Strathearn was a Scottish soldier.He was the oldest of the sons of Sir John de Moravia of Drumsagard , and appears in sources for the first time in October 1334, as the Sheriff of Lanark. By this point he had become a powerful military leader, being styled by Walter...
(d.1346)
Earls of Strathearn, Stewart/Graham line beginning 1357
- Robert Stewart, Earl of StrathearnRobert II of ScotlandRobert II became King of Scots in 1371 as the first monarch of the House of Stewart. He was the son of Walter Stewart, hereditary High Steward of Scotland and of Marjorie Bruce, daughter of Robert I and of his first wife Isabella of Mar...
(1316–1390) (passed to son after becoming King Robert II) - David Stewart, Earl of StrathearnDavid Stewart, Earl of StrathearnDavid Stewart , Prince of Scotland, was a 14th century Scottish magnate. He was the eldest son of the second marriage of King Robert II of Scotland with Euphemia de Ross...
(1355–1390) - Euphemia Stewart, Countess of StrathearnEuphemia Stewart, Countess of StrathearnEuphemia Stewart was a medieval Scottish noblewoman, the daughter of David Stewart, Earl Palatine of Strathearn and Caithness. She succeeded to both her father's titles after his death between 1385 and 1389, probably March 1386....
(d.1415)- m. Patrick Graham
- Malise Graham, Earl of Strathearn (1410–after 1427), deprived of the peerage before 1427
- Walter Stewart, Earl of Strathearn (d. 1437)
Earls of Strathearn, Mountbatten-Windsor line beginning 2011
- Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, Earl of Strathearn, Baron Carrickfergus (born 1982)