Dukes of Swedish provinces
Encyclopedia
Duchies in Sweden have been allotted since the 13th century to powerful Swedes, almost always to Princes of Sweden (only in some of the dynasties) and wives of the latter. From the beginning these duchies
were often centers of regional power, where their dukes and duchesses had considerable executive authority of their own, under the central power of their kings or queens regnant. Since the reign of King Gustav III
the titles have practically been nominal, with which their bearers only rarely have enjoyed any ducal authority, though often maintaining specially selected leisure residences in their provinces and some limited measure of cultural attachment to them.
today, Duke
(hertig) is considered a royal title, and is only given to members of the Royal House
(currently Bernadotte
). This modern duchy has always been limited to one of the historical provinces of Sweden
, which are no longer governmental entities. Currently, there are four such duchies one of which includes two provinces:
The titles are given for life, though they are not used by monarchs after accession to the throne, but unlike British
duchies, for example, they are not hereditary. Wives of dukes are also created duchesses, a policy that now also applies to the husband of a duchess, following the marriage of Crown Princess Victoria to Prince Daniel né Westling (above). The titles have not been conferred on women who became Swedish queens by marrying kings, such as the current Queen Silvia of Sweden
.
. The title "duke" ("hertig", from German "herzog") then replaced the older "jarl"; both of them were translated into the latin "dux".
From the 12th or 13th century and until 1618, in some Swedish royal houses, when a king had more than one son, he gave each or some of them duchies to rule as fiefs. The geography of these duchies could be unclear, as they were not generally within the boundaries of one province and could also be reallotted with territorial changes. Feuds between a king and ducal brothers were common, and ended at times in assassination
and fratricide
. There were only one non-royal duke, Benedict, Duke of Halland
.
After the Kalmar Union
period, just before his death in 1560, King Gustav I
reinstated the tradition by making his sons John
, Magnus
and Carl
powerful dukes, together ruling much more of the kingdom than their older half-brother Eric
, who had a less significant duchy in the southeast. When the last-named became King Eric XIV, the imbalance of power his father had created became destructive. John revolted, dethroned Eric and became king; Magnus was unimportant due to mental health issues, but Carl's duchy of Södermanland prospered as a separate territory for several decades and was a powerful factor in his own aspirations to the throne. The duchy was inherited by his younger son, Carl Philip
, who died in 1622 having been the last holder of a semi-autonomous Swedish duchy, which his brother, King Gustav II Adolph
, officially abolished in 1618.
During the subsequent rule of Queen Christina of Sweden
, however, her cousin and heir Carl Gustav of the Palatinate-Zweibrücken
was titled Duke of Eyland (Öland
) by the Swedish sovereign herself, but her government refused to acknowledge the title officially.
In 1772, King Gustav III
reinstated the courtesy title
of Duke for his brothers, which did add to the international prestige and domestic influence of at least one of them. Since then, all Swedish princes have been created dukes of a province at birth, as well as one Great Prince or Grand Duke of Finland (who died in infancy). During the 20th century, because of constitutional restraints, several princes gave up their royal titles for marriages that were not approved by the King (see Bernadotte af Wisborg
). Whether or not they then actually lost their ducal titles too has never been formally or legally determined.
For the first time since the 14th century a Princess of Sweden was created duchess in her own right in 1980, when the Act of Succession
was changed so that Princess Victoria
became Crown Princess and also was created Duchess of West Gothland
. Her younger sister Madeleine
was the first princess to be created duchess at birth, and also the first to get a double duchy (see above), roughly corresponding with the modern governmental limits of Gävleborg County
. Such modern ducal titles are handled by the King personally and unregulated by law, so it remains to be seen which possible future children of the three royal siblings might be given them; the same applies to possible future spouses of Carl Philip and Madeleine.
Now the title holders are mainly known domestically as Crown Princess Victoria, Prince Daniel, Prince Carl Philip, Princess Madeleine and Princess Lilian though their ducal titles often are included in formal communication and royal court usage. In writing to them, it is considered correct to address all of them but the Crown Princess by ducal title. As of 1772, the dukes and duchesses do not reside permanently within their duchies, though they are associated with them to some extent by making occasional visits, seen as beneficial to public relations
for the County Administrative Boards
and local business.
wore a ducal coronet
of English and continental European design, he actually was a duke, and that his Latin title of Dux Sueorum should be given as Duke and Regent of Sweden in English. In Sweden and in Swedish then, the meaning of the Latin dux was still interpreted as jarl until Birger's son officially was given the new hertig title, which the Swedes saw, from then on, as the equivalent of duke. Svanberg's opinion would then make duchesses of both of Birger's wives, in English usage. Other writers have attributed this powerful position that Birger attained to his royal marriage to his first consort as well as the outcome of the Battle of Sparrsätra
. Since his son, however, was the first to bear the Swedish title of hertig, this list begins, in the chronological aspect, with him.
This list of dukes and duchesses in Sweden excludes minor duchies (individual towns, manors, mines, estates) as well as former lands and provinces such as Finland
and Estonia
which are no longer in the kingdom. Established English exonyms are used here as the principal names of some of the provinces. Years given are those during which ducal titles incontestably were held, regardless of subsequent status as monarchs or former royalty.
Dalecarlia
Dalsland
East Gothland
Gästrikland
Gotland
Halland
Hälsingland
Jämtland
Närke
Öland
Scania
Småland
Södermanland
Swealand
Uppland
Värmland
Västmanland
West Bothnia
West Gothland
Duchy
A duchy is a territory, fief, or domain ruled by a duke or duchess.Some duchies were sovereign in areas that would become unified realms only during the Modern era . In contrast, others were subordinate districts of those kingdoms that unified either partially or completely during the Medieval era...
were often centers of regional power, where their dukes and duchesses had considerable executive authority of their own, under the central power of their kings or queens regnant. Since the reign of King Gustav III
Gustav III of Sweden
Gustav III was King of Sweden from 1771 until his death. He was the eldest son of King Adolph Frederick and Queen Louise Ulrica of Sweden, she a sister of Frederick the Great of Prussia....
the titles have practically been nominal, with which their bearers only rarely have enjoyed any ducal authority, though often maintaining specially selected leisure residences in their provinces and some limited measure of cultural attachment to them.
Today
In SwedenSweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
today, Duke
Duke
A duke or duchess is a member of the nobility, historically of highest rank below the monarch, and historically controlling a duchy...
(hertig) is considered a royal title, and is only given to members of the Royal House
Royal House
A royal house or royal dynasty consists of at least one, but usually more monarchs who are related to one another, as well as their non-reigning descendants and spouses. Monarchs of the same realm who are not related to one another are usually deemed to belong to different houses, and each house is...
(currently Bernadotte
Bernadotte
The House of Bernadotte, the current royal house of Sweden, has reigned since 1818. Between 1818 and 1905, it was also the royal house of the Norway...
). This modern duchy has always been limited to one of the historical provinces of Sweden
Provinces of Sweden
The provinces of Sweden, landskap, are historical, geographical and cultural regions. Sweden has 25 provinces and they have no administrative function, but remain historical legacies and the means of cultural identification....
, which are no longer governmental entities. Currently, there are four such duchies one of which includes two provinces:
- TRH The DuchessVictoria, Crown Princess of SwedenVictoria, Crown Princess of Sweden, Duchess of Västergötland is the heiress-apparent to the Swedish throne. If she ascends to the throne as expected, she will be Sweden's fourth queen regnant .-Early life:...
and Duke of West Gothland (Crown Princess Victoria and Prince Daniel) - HRH The Duke of VärmlandPrince Carl Philip, Duke of VärmlandPrince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland , is the second child of three children and only son of King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia of Sweden. Born Crown Prince of Sweden, he retained his title and first place in succession for seven months until 1 January 1980...
(Prince Carl Philip) - HRH The Duchess of Hälsingland and GästriklandPrincess Madeleine, Duchess of Hälsingland and GästriklandPrincess Madeleine of Sweden, Duchess of Hälsingland and Gästrikland is the youngest child and second daughter of King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia of Sweden...
(Princess Madeleine) - HRH The Duchess of HallandPrincess Lilian, Duchess of HallandPrincess Lilian, Duchess of Halland is a Welsh former fashion model who has been a member of the Swedish Royal Family since marrying Prince Bertil , an uncle of King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden, in 1976.-Early life:Born in Swansea, Wales, the daughter of William John Davies and wife Gladys Mary...
(Princess Lilian), widow of Prince BertilPrince Bertil, Duke of HallandPrince Bertil of Sweden , Duke of Halland, was the third son of King Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden and his first wife, Princess Margaret of Connaught.The prince was born at Stockholm...
.
The titles are given for life, though they are not used by monarchs after accession to the throne, but unlike British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
duchies, for example, they are not hereditary. Wives of dukes are also created duchesses, a policy that now also applies to the husband of a duchess, following the marriage of Crown Princess Victoria to Prince Daniel né Westling (above). The titles have not been conferred on women who became Swedish queens by marrying kings, such as the current Queen Silvia of Sweden
Queen Silvia of Sweden
|align=right|Queen Silvia of Sweden is the Queen consort of King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden. Styled Her Majesty The Queen, Silvia is the mother of the heir apparent to the throne, Crown Princess Victoria.-Childhood:Queen Silvia was born in Heidelberg, Germany, on 23 December 1943...
.
History
The first use in Swedish of the title of duke was for Magnus Birgersson, son of Birger jarlBirger jarl
, or Birger Magnusson, was a Swedish statesman, Jarl of Sweden and a member of the House of Bjelbo, who played a pivotal role in the consolidation of Sweden. Birger also led the Second Swedish Crusade, which established Swedish rule in Finland. Additionally, he is traditionally attributed to have...
. The title "duke" ("hertig", from German "herzog") then replaced the older "jarl"; both of them were translated into the latin "dux".
From the 12th or 13th century and until 1618, in some Swedish royal houses, when a king had more than one son, he gave each or some of them duchies to rule as fiefs. The geography of these duchies could be unclear, as they were not generally within the boundaries of one province and could also be reallotted with territorial changes. Feuds between a king and ducal brothers were common, and ended at times in assassination
Assassination
To carry out an assassination is "to murder by a sudden and/or secret attack, often for political reasons." Alternatively, assassination may be defined as "the act of deliberately killing someone, especially a public figure, usually for hire or for political reasons."An assassination may be...
and fratricide
Fratricide
Fratricide is the act of a person killing his or her brother....
. There were only one non-royal duke, Benedict, Duke of Halland
Benedict, Duke of Halland
Duke Benedict of Halland and Finland , aka Bengt Algotsson, was a medieval Swedish lord, and royal favourite.He was born to a family who descended from Svantepolk of Skarsholm and his wife Benedikta Sunadotter...
.
After the Kalmar Union
Kalmar Union
The Kalmar Union is a historiographical term meaning a series of personal unions that united the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway , and Sweden under a single monarch, though intermittently and with a population...
period, just before his death in 1560, King Gustav I
Gustav I of Sweden
Gustav I of Sweden, born Gustav Eriksson of the Vasa noble family and later known simply as Gustav Vasa , was King of Sweden from 1523 until his death....
reinstated the tradition by making his sons John
John III of Sweden
-Family:John married his first wife, Catherine Jagellonica of Poland , house of Jagiello, in Vilnius on 4 October 1562. In Sweden, she is known as Katarina Jagellonica. She was the sister of king Sigismund II Augustus of Poland...
, Magnus
Magnus, Duke of Östergötland
Magnus Vasa , prince of Sweden, Duke of Östergötland from 1555. Magnus was the third son of king Gustav Vasa. His mother was queen Margareta Leijonhufvud....
and Carl
Charles IX of Sweden
Charles IX of Sweden also Carl, was King of Sweden from 1604 until his death. He was the youngest son of King Gustav I of Sweden and his second wife, Margaret Leijonhufvud, brother of Eric XIV and John III of Sweden, and uncle of Sigismund III Vasa king of both Sweden and Poland...
powerful dukes, together ruling much more of the kingdom than their older half-brother Eric
Eric XIV of Sweden
-Family and descendants:Eric XIV had several relationships before his marriage. With Agda Persdotter he had four daughters:#Margareta Eriksdotter , married 1592 to Olov Simonsson, vicar of Horn....
, who had a less significant duchy in the southeast. When the last-named became King Eric XIV, the imbalance of power his father had created became destructive. John revolted, dethroned Eric and became king; Magnus was unimportant due to mental health issues, but Carl's duchy of Södermanland prospered as a separate territory for several decades and was a powerful factor in his own aspirations to the throne. The duchy was inherited by his younger son, Carl Philip
Charles Philip, Duke of Södermanland
Prince Charles Philip of Sweden, Duke of Södermanland, was a Swedish prince, Duke of Södermanland, Närke and Värmland...
, who died in 1622 having been the last holder of a semi-autonomous Swedish duchy, which his brother, King Gustav II Adolph
Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden
Gustav II Adolf has been widely known in English by his Latinized name Gustavus Adolphus Magnus and variously in historical writings also as Gustavus, or Gustavus the Great, or Gustav Adolph the Great,...
, officially abolished in 1618.
During the subsequent rule of Queen Christina of Sweden
Christina of Sweden
Christina , later adopted the name Christina Alexandra, was Queen regnant of Swedes, Goths and Vandals, Grand Princess of Finland, and Duchess of Ingria, Estonia, Livonia and Karelia, from 1633 to 1654. She was the only surviving legitimate child of King Gustav II Adolph and his wife Maria Eleonora...
, however, her cousin and heir Carl Gustav of the Palatinate-Zweibrücken
Charles X Gustav of Sweden
Charles X Gustav also Carl Gustav, was King of Sweden from 1654 until his death. He was the son of John Casimir, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Kleeburg and Catherine of Sweden. After his father's death he also succeeded him as Pfalzgraf. He was married to Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp, who...
was titled Duke of Eyland (Öland
Öland
' is the second largest Swedish island and the smallest of the traditional provinces of Sweden. Öland has an area of 1,342 km² and is located in the Baltic Sea just off the coast of Småland. The island has 25,000 inhabitants, but during Swedish Midsummer it is visited by up to 500,000 people...
) by the Swedish sovereign herself, but her government refused to acknowledge the title officially.
In 1772, King Gustav III
Gustav III of Sweden
Gustav III was King of Sweden from 1771 until his death. He was the eldest son of King Adolph Frederick and Queen Louise Ulrica of Sweden, she a sister of Frederick the Great of Prussia....
reinstated the courtesy title
Courtesy title
A courtesy title is a form of address in systems of nobility used for children, former wives and other close relatives of a peer. These styles are used 'by courtesy' in the sense that the relatives do not themselves hold substantive titles...
of Duke for his brothers, which did add to the international prestige and domestic influence of at least one of them. Since then, all Swedish princes have been created dukes of a province at birth, as well as one Great Prince or Grand Duke of Finland (who died in infancy). During the 20th century, because of constitutional restraints, several princes gave up their royal titles for marriages that were not approved by the King (see Bernadotte af Wisborg
Bernadotte af Wisborg
The title Count of Wisborg is, since 1892, borne by the male-line descendants of four princes of Sweden who married morganatically without the consent of the King of Sweden and thereby lost the right of succession to the throne of Sweden for themselves, their children and their descendants...
). Whether or not they then actually lost their ducal titles too has never been formally or legally determined.
For the first time since the 14th century a Princess of Sweden was created duchess in her own right in 1980, when the Act of Succession
Swedish Act of Succession
The Act of Succession is a part of the Swedish Constitution. It was adopted by the Riksdag of the Estates on September 26, 1810, and it regulates the right of members of the House of Bernadotte to accede to the Swedish throne...
was changed so that Princess Victoria
Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden
Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden, Duchess of Västergötland is the heiress-apparent to the Swedish throne. If she ascends to the throne as expected, she will be Sweden's fourth queen regnant .-Early life:...
became Crown Princess and also was created Duchess of West Gothland
Västergötland
', English exonym: West Gothland, is one of the 25 traditional non-administrative provinces of Sweden , situated in the southwest of Sweden. In older English literature one may also encounter the Latinized version Westrogothia....
. Her younger sister Madeleine
Princess Madeleine, Duchess of Hälsingland and Gästrikland
Princess Madeleine of Sweden, Duchess of Hälsingland and Gästrikland is the youngest child and second daughter of King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia of Sweden...
was the first princess to be created duchess at birth, and also the first to get a double duchy (see above), roughly corresponding with the modern governmental limits of Gävleborg County
Gävleborg County
Gävleborg County is a county or län on the Baltic Sea coast of Sweden. It borders to the counties of Uppsala, Västmanland, Dalarna, Jämtland and Västernorrland. The capital is Gävle.- Administration :...
. Such modern ducal titles are handled by the King personally and unregulated by law, so it remains to be seen which possible future children of the three royal siblings might be given them; the same applies to possible future spouses of Carl Philip and Madeleine.
Now the title holders are mainly known domestically as Crown Princess Victoria, Prince Daniel, Prince Carl Philip, Princess Madeleine and Princess Lilian though their ducal titles often are included in formal communication and royal court usage. In writing to them, it is considered correct to address all of them but the Crown Princess by ducal title. As of 1772, the dukes and duchesses do not reside permanently within their duchies, though they are associated with them to some extent by making occasional visits, seen as beneficial to public relations
Public relations
Public relations is the actions of a corporation, store, government, individual, etc., in promoting goodwill between itself and the public, the community, employees, customers, etc....
for the County Administrative Boards
County Administrative Boards of Sweden
A County Administrative Board is a Government appointed board of a County in Sweden. It is led by a Governor or Landshövding appointed for a term of six years and the list of succession, in most cases, stretches back to 1634 when the counties were created...
and local business.
List of dukes and duchesses by duchy in Sweden
Professor of art history Jan Svanberg is of the opinion that since Birger JarlBirger jarl
, or Birger Magnusson, was a Swedish statesman, Jarl of Sweden and a member of the House of Bjelbo, who played a pivotal role in the consolidation of Sweden. Birger also led the Second Swedish Crusade, which established Swedish rule in Finland. Additionally, he is traditionally attributed to have...
wore a ducal coronet
Coronet
A coronet is a small crown consisting of ornaments fixed on a metal ring. Unlike a crown, a coronet never has arches.The word stems from the Old French coronete, a diminutive of coronne , itself from the Latin corona .Traditionally, such headgear is – as indicated by the German equivalent...
of English and continental European design, he actually was a duke, and that his Latin title of Dux Sueorum should be given as Duke and Regent of Sweden in English. In Sweden and in Swedish then, the meaning of the Latin dux was still interpreted as jarl until Birger's son officially was given the new hertig title, which the Swedes saw, from then on, as the equivalent of duke. Svanberg's opinion would then make duchesses of both of Birger's wives, in English usage. Other writers have attributed this powerful position that Birger attained to his royal marriage to his first consort as well as the outcome of the Battle of Sparrsätra
Battle of Sparrsätra
The Battle of Sparrsätra was a battle which took place in 1247 near Enköping in Sweden between king Eric XI of Sweden and rebels led by Holmger Knutsson...
. Since his son, however, was the first to bear the Swedish title of hertig, this list begins, in the chronological aspect, with him.
This list of dukes and duchesses in Sweden excludes minor duchies (individual towns, manors, mines, estates) as well as former lands and provinces such as Finland
Finland
Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...
and Estonia
Estonia
Estonia , officially the Republic of Estonia , is a state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia , and to the east by Lake Peipsi and the Russian Federation . Across the Baltic Sea lies...
which are no longer in the kingdom. Established English exonyms are used here as the principal names of some of the provinces. Years given are those during which ducal titles incontestably were held, regardless of subsequent status as monarchs or former royalty.
DalecarliaDalarna', English exonym: Dalecarlia, is a historical province or landskap in central Sweden. Another English language form established in literature is the Dales. Places involving the element Dalecarlia exist in the United States....
also known as Dalarna
- Prince AugustPrince August, Duke of DalarnaPrince Nikolaus August, Duke of Dalarna was the youngest of the five issue of King Oscar I of Sweden and Josephine of Leuchtenberg.-Early life:...
(1831–1873)- Princess Teresia, his wife and widow (1864–1914)
- Prince Carl Johan (1916-1946 only as per royal court)
DalslandDalslandDalsland is a Swedish traditional province, or landskap, situated in Götaland in southern Sweden. Lying to the west of Lake Vänern, it is bordered by Värmland to the north, Västergötland to the southeast, Bohuslän to the west, and Norway to the northwest....
also known as Dalia
- Prince Eric (1310-1318 – see Swealand 1284-1310)
- Princess Ingiburga, his wife and widow (1312-1326 – see Swealand 1318-1321)
- Prince Magnus (1560-1595 – see East Gothland)
East GothlandÖstergötlandÖstergötland, English exonym: East Gothland, is one of the traditional provinces of Sweden in the south of Sweden. It borders Småland, Västergötland, Närke, Södermanland, and the Baltic Sea. In older English literature, one might also encounter the Latinized version, Ostrogothia...
also known as Östergötland
- Prince MagnusMagnus, Duke of ÖstergötlandMagnus Vasa , prince of Sweden, Duke of Östergötland from 1555. Magnus was the third son of king Gustav Vasa. His mother was queen Margareta Leijonhufvud....
(1560-1595 – also Dalsland) - Prince John (1606–1618)
- Princess Maria ElizabethPrincess Maria Elizabeth of SwedenPrincess Maria Elizabeth of Sweden, , was a Swedish princess, daughter of king Charles IX of Sweden and Christina of Holstein-Gottorp, and by marriage duchess of Ostrogothia....
, his wife and widow (1612–1618)
- Princess Maria Elizabeth
- Prince Frederick AdolphPrince Frederick Adolf of SwedenPrince Fredrick Adolf of Sweden , was a Swedish Prince, youngest son of King Adolf Frederick of Sweden and Louisa Ulrika of Prussia, a sister Frederick the Great, King of Prussia...
(1772–1803) - Prince OscarOscar II of SwedenOscar II , baptised Oscar Fredrik was King of Sweden from 1872 until his death and King of Norway from 1872 until 1905. The third son of King Oscar I of Sweden and Josephine of Leuchtenberg, he was a descendant of Gustav I of Sweden through his mother.-Early life:At his birth in Stockholm, Oscar...
(as of 1829; King from 1872)- Princess SophiaSofia of NassauSophia of Nassau was Queen consort of Sweden and Norway...
, his wife and widow (as of 1857; Queen from 1872)
- Princess Sophia
- Prince CarlPrince Carl, Duke of ÖstergötlandCarl Gustaf Oscar Fredrik Christian, Prince Bernadotte , formerly known as Prince Carl, Duke of Östergötland, was the youngest child of Prince Carl of Sweden and Princess Ingeborg of Denmark. To distinguish himself from his father, he was widely known as Mulle within the family...
(1911-1937 only as per royal court)
GästriklandGästrikland' is a historical province or landskap on the eastern coast of Sweden. It borders Uppland, Västmanland, Dalarna, Hälsingland and the Gulf of Bothnia. Gästrikland is the southernmost of the Norrland provinces....
also known as Gestricland
- Princess Madeleine (from 1982 - see Hälsingland)
GotlandGotlandGotland is a county, province, municipality and diocese of Sweden; it is Sweden's largest island and the largest island in the Baltic Sea. At 3,140 square kilometers in area, the region makes up less than one percent of Sweden's total land area...
also known as Gothland
- Prince OscarPrince Oscar, Duke of GotlandPrince Oscar Carl August Bernadotte, Count of Wisborg was the second son of King Oscar II of Sweden and Sofia of Nassau...
(1859-1888 only as per royal court)
HallandHalland' is one of the traditional provinces of Sweden , on the western coast of Sweden. It borders Västergötland, Småland, Scania and the sea of Kattegat.-Administration:...
also known as Hallandia
- Prince Eric, Duke of North Hallandia (1310-1318 – see Swealand 1284-1310)
- Princess Ingiburga, his wife and widow, Duchess of North Hallandia (1312-1341 – see Swealand 1318-21)
- Lord Canute Porse, her second husband, Duke of South Hallandia (1327–1330)
- Duchess Ingiburga (above), his wife and widow, now also Duchess of South Hallandia (1327-1341 – see Swealand 1318-1321)
- Lord Canute Canuteson Porse, their son (1330-1350 with his brother and mother)
- Lord Hacon Canuteson Porse, their son (1330-1350 with his brother and mother)
- Duchess Ingiburga (above) in her own right (1341-1353 – see Swealand 1318-1321)
- Lord Benedict AlgotsonBenedict, Duke of HallandDuke Benedict of Halland and Finland , aka Bengt Algotsson, was a medieval Swedish lord, and royal favourite.He was born to a family who descended from Svantepolk of Skarsholm and his wife Benedikta Sunadotter...
(1353–1356) - Duchess Ingiburga (above) in her own right again (1356-1361 – see Swealand 1318-1321)
- Prince BertilPrince Bertil, Duke of HallandPrince Bertil of Sweden , Duke of Halland, was the third son of King Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden and his first wife, Princess Margaret of Connaught.The prince was born at Stockholm...
(1912–1997)- Princess LilianPrincess Lilian, Duchess of HallandPrincess Lilian, Duchess of Halland is a Welsh former fashion model who has been a member of the Swedish Royal Family since marrying Prince Bertil , an uncle of King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden, in 1976.-Early life:Born in Swansea, Wales, the daughter of William John Davies and wife Gladys Mary...
, his wife and widow (since 1976)
- Princess Lilian
HälsinglandHälsingland' is a historical province or landskap in central Sweden. It borders to Gästrikland, Dalarna, Härjedalen, Medelpad and to the Gulf of Bothnia...
also known as Helsingia
- Princess MadeleinePrincess Madeleine, Duchess of Hälsingland and GästriklandPrincess Madeleine of Sweden, Duchess of Hälsingland and Gästrikland is the youngest child and second daughter of King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia of Sweden...
(from 1982 - also Gästrikland)
JämtlandJämtlandJämtland or Jamtland is a historical province or landskap in the center of Sweden in northern Europe. It borders to Härjedalen and Medelpad in the south, Ångermanland in the east, Lapland in the north and Trøndelag and Norway in the west...
also known as Iemptia
- Prince Carl GustafCarl XVI Gustaf of SwedenCarl XVI Gustaf is the reigning King of Sweden since 15 September 1973, succeeding his grandfather King Gustaf VI Adolf because his father had predeceased him...
(as of 1946, King from 1973)
NärkeNärke' is a Swedish traditional province, or landskap, situated in Svealand in south central Sweden. It is bordered by Västmanland to the north, Södermanland to the east, Östergötland to the southeast, Västergötland to the southwest, and Värmland to the northwest...
also known as Nericia
- Prince Carl (as of 1560; King from 1604 – see Södermanland)
- Princess Maria, his first wife (1579-1589 – see Södermanland)
- Princess Christina, his second wife and widow (as of 1592; Queen from 1604 – see Södermanland)
- Prince Carl Philip (1607-1618 – see Södermanland)
- Prince EugenPrince Eugén, Duke of NärkePrince Eugen Napoleon Nicolaus of Sweden and Norway, Duke of Närke was the youngest son of King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway....
(1865–1947)
ÖlandÖland' is the second largest Swedish island and the smallest of the traditional provinces of Sweden. Öland has an area of 1,342 km² and is located in the Baltic Sea just off the coast of Småland. The island has 25,000 inhabitants, but during Swedish Midsummer it is visited by up to 500,000 people...
also known as Eyland
- Prince WaldemarValdemar, Duke of FinlandValdemar Magnusson was a Swedish prince, heir to the throne of Sweden and Duke of Finland.-Background:Valdemar was the third son of King Magnus III of Sweden and his queen Helvig of Holstein. At the coronation of his older brother King Birger of Sweden, Valdemar became the duke of Finland...
(1310-1318 – also Uppland)- Princess IngiburgaIngeborg Eriksdottir of NorwayIngeborg Eriksdottir of Norway was a medieval Norwegian princess and by marriage a Swedish princess, Duchess of Uppland, Öland and Finland, with a seat in the regency government of her nephew, Magnus IV of Sweden.-Family:Ingeborg was the daughter of King Eric II of Norway and Isabel Bruce...
, his wife and widow (1312 to about 1357 – also Uppland)
- Princess Ingiburga
- Prince Eric, their son (1318 to about 1328 with his mother)
- Crown Prince Eric (as of 1557; King from 1560 – see Småland)
- Crown Prince Carl GustavCharles X Gustav of SwedenCharles X Gustav also Carl Gustav, was King of Sweden from 1654 until his death. He was the son of John Casimir, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Kleeburg and Catherine of Sweden. After his father's death he also succeeded him as Pfalzgraf. He was married to Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp, who...
(1650-1654 as per sovereign)
ScaniaScaniaScania is the southernmost of the 25 traditional non-administrative provinces of Sweden, constituting a peninsula on the southern tip of the Scandinavian peninsula, and some adjacent islands. The modern administrative subdivision Skåne County is almost, but not totally, congruent with the...
also known as Skåne
- Prince CarlCharles XV of SwedenCharles XV & IV also Carl ; Swedish and Norwegian: Karl was King of Sweden and Norway from 1859 until his death....
(as of 1826; King from 1859)- Crown Princess LouiseLouise of the NetherlandsLouise of the Netherlands was the Queen of Sweden and Norway as spouse of King Charles XV of Sweden and IV of Norway.-Birth:...
, his wife (as of 1850; Queen from 1859)
- Crown Princess Louise
- Prince Gustaf AdolfGustaf VI Adolf of SwedenGustaf VI Adolf - Oscar Fredrik Wilhelm Olaf Gustaf Adolf - was King of Sweden from October 29, 1950 until his death. His official title was King of Sweden, of the Goths and of the Wends. He was the eldest son of King Gustaf V and his wife Victoria of Baden...
(as of 1882; King from 1950)- Princess Margareta, his first wife (1905–1920)
- Crown Princess LouiseLouise MountbattenLouise Alexandra Marie Irene Mountbatten became Queen consort of Sweden in 1950 and served as such until her death in 1965...
, his second wife (as of 1923; Queen from 1950)
SmålandSmåland' is a historical province in southern Sweden.Småland borders Blekinge, Scania or Skåne, Halland, Västergötland, Östergötland and the island Öland in the Baltic Sea. The name Småland literally means Small Lands. . The latinized form Smolandia has been used in other languages...
also known as Small Lands and the Smallands
- Prince Eric (1275 – see Swealand)
- Crown Prince EricEric XIV of Sweden-Family and descendants:Eric XIV had several relationships before his marriage. With Agda Persdotter he had four daughters:#Margareta Eriksdotter , married 1592 to Olov Simonsson, vicar of Horn....
(as of 1557; King from 1560 – also Öland) - Prince Carl Gustav (1782–1783)
- Prince Lennart (1909-1932 only as per royal court)
SödermanlandSödermanland', sometimes referred to under its Latin form Sudermannia or Sudermania, is a historical province or landskap on the south eastern coast of Sweden. It borders Östergötland, Närke, Västmanland and Uppland. It is also bounded by lake Mälaren and the Baltic sea.In Swedish, the province name is...
also known as Southmanland and Sudermania
- Prince Magnus (as of 1266; King from 1275 – see Swealand 1252)
- Prince Eric (1302-1310 – see Swealand 1284-1310)
- Prince CarlCharles IX of SwedenCharles IX of Sweden also Carl, was King of Sweden from 1604 until his death. He was the youngest son of King Gustav I of Sweden and his second wife, Margaret Leijonhufvud, brother of Eric XIV and John III of Sweden, and uncle of Sigismund III Vasa king of both Sweden and Poland...
(as of 1560; King from1604 – also Närke and Värmland)- Princess Maria, his first wife (1579-1589 – also Närke and Värmland)
- Princess ChristinaChristina of Holstein-GottorpChristina of Holstein-Gottorp was a Queen Consort of Sweden as consort of king Charles IX of Sweden, mother of king Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, and a Regent of Sweden.-Biography:...
, his second wife and widow (as of 1592; Queen from 1604 – also Närke and Värmland)
- Crown Prince Gustav AdolphGustavus Adolphus of SwedenGustav II Adolf has been widely known in English by his Latinized name Gustavus Adolphus Magnus and variously in historical writings also as Gustavus, or Gustavus the Great, or Gustav Adolph the Great,...
(1604-1607 – also Västmanland) - Prince Carl PhilipCharles Philip, Duke of SödermanlandPrince Charles Philip of Sweden, Duke of Södermanland, was a Swedish prince, Duke of Södermanland, Närke and Värmland...
(1607-1618 – also Närke and Värmland) - Prince CarlCharles XIII of SwedenCharles XIII & II also Carl, , was King of Sweden from 1809 and King of Norway from 1814 until his death...
(as of 1772; King from 1809)- Princess CharlotteHedvig Elisabeth Charlotte of Holstein-GottorpHedwig Elisabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp was the queen consort of Charles XIII of Sweden, and also a famed diarist, memoirist and wit. She is generally known in Sweden by her full pen name , though her official name as queen was Charlotte....
, his wife and widow (as of 1774; Queen from 1809)
- Princess Charlotte
- Crown Prince OscarOscar I of SwedenOscar I was King of Sweden and Norway from 1844 to his death. When, in August 1810, his father Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte was elected Crown Prince of Sweden, Oscar and his mother moved from Paris to Stockholm . Oscar's father was the first ruler of the current House of Bernadotte...
(as of 1811; King from 1844)- Crown Princess Josephine, his wife and widow (as of 1823; Queen from 1844)
- Prince Carl OscarPrince Carl Oscar, Duke of SödermanlandPrince Carl Oscar Vilhelm Frederik of Sweden, was a prince of Sweden and Norway.-Biography:...
(1852–1854) - Prince WilhelmPrince Wilhelm, Duke of SödermanlandPrince Wilhelm of Sweden and Norway, Carl Wilhelm Ludvig , Duke of Södermanland, was the second son of King Gustav V of Sweden and his Queen consort Victoria of Baden.-Biography:...
(1884–1965)- Princess Maria, his wife (1909 until divorce 1914)
Stegeborg
- Prince John CasimirJohn Casimir, Count Palatine of KleeburgJohn Casimir, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Kleeburg was the son of John I, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken and the founder of a branch of Wittelsbach Counts Palatine often called the Swedish line, because it gave rise to three subsequent kings of Sweden, but more commonly known as the Kleeburg ...
, widower of Princess Catherine (1651–1652) - Adolph JohnAdolph John I, Count Palatine of KleeburgAdolph John I was Count Palatine of Kleeburg from 1654 until 1689 and was considered Prince of Sweden until 1660.-Life:...
, their son (1652-1689)- Elizabeth Beatrice Brahe, Duchess of Stegeborg 1652-1653, as Adolph John's first consort
- Elsa Elizabeth Brahe, Duchess of Stegeborg 1662-1689, as Adolph John's second consort
SwealandSvealandSvealand , Swealand or Sweden proper is the historical core region of Sweden. It is located in south central Sweden and is one of three lands of Sweden, bounded to the north by Norrland and to the south by Götaland. Deep forests, Tiveden, Tylöskog, Kolmården, separated Svealand from Götaland...
also known as Svealand
- Prince MagnusMagnus III of SwedenMagnus III Ladulås of Sweden, Swedish: Magnus Birgersson or Magnus Ladulås was King of Sweden from 1275 until his death in 1290....
(as of 1252; King from 1275 – also Södermanland) - Prince Eric (1275 – also Småland)
- Prince EricEric, Duke of SödermanlandEric Magnusson was a Swedish prince, Duke of Svealand, Södermanland, Dalsland, Västergötland, Värmland and North Halland and heir to the throne of Sweden. He was the father of King Magnus who became king of both Norway and Sweden.-Background:...
(1302-1310 – also Dalsland, North Halland, Södermanland, Värmland and West Gothland) - Duchess IngiburgaIngeborg of NorwayIngeborg of Norway , was a Norwegian and by marriage Swedish princess and royal duchess with a position in the regency governments in Norway and Sweden...
, his widow in her own right (1318-1321 – also Halland and as Eric’s wife and widow Dalsland, Värmland and West Gothland)
UpplandUpplandUppland is a historical province or landskap on the eastern coast of Sweden, just north of Stockholm, the capital. It borders Södermanland, Västmanland and Gästrikland. It is also bounded by lake Mälaren and the Baltic sea...
also known as Upland
- Prince Waldemar (1310-1318 - see Öland)
- Princess Ingiburga, his wife (1312-1318 – see Öland)
- Prince GustavPrince Gustaf, Duke of UpplandPrince Frans Gustaf Oscar of Sweden and Norway, Duke of Uppland was the second son of Oscar I of Sweden and Josephine of Leuchtenberg and younger brother to Prince Charles.Prince Gustaf was a trained musician and composer...
(1827–1852) - Prince Sigvard (1907-1934 only as per royal court)
VärmlandVärmland' is a historical province or landskap in the west of middle Sweden. It borders Västergötland, Dalsland, Dalarna, Västmanland and Närke. It is also bounded by Norway in the west. Latin name versions are Vermelandia and Wermelandia. Although the province's land originally was Götaland, the...
also known as Vermelandia and Wermelandia
- Prince Eric (1310-1318 – see Swealand 1284-1310)
- Princess Ingiburga, his wife and widow (1312-1326 – see Swealand 1318-1321)
- Prince Carl (as of 1560; King from1604 – see Södermanland)
- Princess Maria, his first wife (1579-1589 – see Södermanland)
- Princess Christina, his second wife and widow (as of 1592; Queen from 1604 – see Södermanland)
- Prince Carl Philip (1607-1618 – see Södermanland)
- Prince Carl Adolph (1798)
- Prince GustafGustaf V of SwedenGustaf V was King of Sweden from 1907. He was the eldest son of King Oscar II of Sweden and Sophia of Nassau, a half-sister of Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg...
(as of 1858; King from 1907)- Crown Princess VictoriaVictoria of BadenVictoria of Baden was a Queen consort of Sweden by her marriage to King Gustaf V of Sweden. She was politically active in a conservative fashion during the development of democracy and known as a pro-German during the First World War.-Birth:Princess Viktoria was born on 7 August 1862 at the castle...
(as of 1881; Queen from 1907)
- Crown Princess Victoria
- Prince Carl PhilipPrince Carl Philip, Duke of VärmlandPrince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland , is the second child of three children and only son of King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia of Sweden. Born Crown Prince of Sweden, he retained his title and first place in succession for seven months until 1 January 1980...
(from 1979)
VästmanlandVästmanland' is a historical Swedish province, or landskap, in middle Sweden. It borders Södermanland, Närke, Värmland, Dalarna and Uppland.The name comes from "West men", referring to the people west of Uppland, the core province of early Sweden.- Administration :...
also known as Westmania
- Crown Prince Gustav Adolph (1610-1611 – see Södermanland)
- Prince Erik (1889–1918)
West BothniaVästerbotten', English exonym: West Bothnia, is a province or landskap in the north of Sweden. It borders Ångermanland, Lapland, Norrbotten and the Gulf of Bothnia. It is famous for the cheese with the same name as the province.- Administration :...
also known as Västerbotten
- Prince Gustaf AdolfPrince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of VästerbottenPrince Gustaf Adolf Oscar Fredrik Arthur Edmund, Duke of Västerbotten was Duke of West Bothnia and the eldest son of Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden and his first wife Princess Margaret of Connaught...
(1906–1947)- Princess Sibylla, his wife and widow (1932–1972)
West GothlandVästergötland', English exonym: West Gothland, is one of the 25 traditional non-administrative provinces of Sweden , situated in the southwest of Sweden. In older English literature one may also encounter the Latinized version Westrogothia....
also known as Västergötland
- Prince Eric (1310-1318 – see Swealand 1284-1310)
- Princess Ingiburga, his wife and widow (1312-1326 – see Swealand 1318-21)
- Prince CarlPrince Carl, Duke of VästergötlandPrince Carl of Sweden and Norway, Duke of Västergötland , was the third son of King Oscar II of Sweden-Norway and Sophia of Nassau.-History:...
(1861–1951)- Princess IngeborgPrincess Ingeborg of DenmarkPrincess Ingeborg of Denmark was a Danish princess and a Swedish princess consort...
, his wife and widow (1897–1958)
- Princess Ingeborg
- Crown Princess VictoriaVictoria, Crown Princess of SwedenVictoria, Crown Princess of Sweden, Duchess of Västergötland is the heiress-apparent to the Swedish throne. If she ascends to the throne as expected, she will be Sweden's fourth queen regnant .-Early life:...
(from 1980)- Prince Daniel, her husband (from 2010)