Diffusiophoresis is a motion of dispersed particles in a fluid

Fluid

In physics, a fluid is a substance that continually deforms under an applied shear stress. Fluids are a subset of the phases of matter and include liquids, gases, plasmas and, to some extent, plastic solids....

 induced by a diffusion

Diffusion

Molecular diffusion, often called simply diffusion, is the thermal motion of all particles at temperatures above absolute zero. The rate of this movement is a function of temperature, viscosity of the fluid and the size of the particles...

 gradient

Gradient

In vector calculus, the gradient of a scalar field is a vector field that points in the direction of the greatest rate of increase of the scalar field, and whose magnitude is the greatest rate of change....

 of molecular substances that are dissolved in the fluid. This gradient affects structure of the particles in an interfacial double layer

Double layer (interfacial)

A double layer is a structure that appears on the surface of an object when it is placed into a liquid. The object might be a solid particle, a gas bubble, a liquid droplet, or a porous body. The DL refers to two parallel layers of charge surrounding the object...

 and causes sliding motion of the fluid relative to the particle surface. Diffusiophoresis was theoretically predicted and experimentally established by B. V. Derjaguin and others in 1947.

Capillary osmosis is the effect that is reverse to diffusiophoresis, similar to the way that electro-osmosis

Electro-osmosis

Electroosmotic flow is the motion of liquid induced by an applied potential across a porous material, capillary tube, membrane, microchannel, or any other fluid conduit...

 is reverse to electrophoresis

Electrophoresis

Electrophoresis, also called cataphoresis, is the motion of dispersed particles relative to a fluid under the influence of a spatially uniform electric field. This electrokinetic phenomenon was observed for the first time in 1807 by Reuss , who noticed that the application of a constant electric...

.

See also

• Electrokinetic phenomena
  Electrokinetic phenomena
  Electrokinetic phenomena are a family of several different effects that occur in heterogeneous fluids or in porous bodies filled with fluid. The term heterogeneous here means a fluid containing particles...
  
  

Diffusiophoresis is a spontaneous motion of the dispersed particle under the application of an electrolyte (nonelectrolyte) concentration gradient.