Demographics of England from the 2001 United Kingdom census

The demography of England has since 1801 been measured by the decennial national census

Census in the United Kingdom

Coincident full censuses have taken place in the different jurisdictions of the United Kingdom every ten years since 1801, with the exceptions of 1941 and in both Northern Ireland and the Irish Free State in 1921; simultaneous censuses were taken in the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man, with...

, and is marked by centuries of population growth

Population growth

Population growth is the change in a population over time, and can be quantified as the change in the number of individuals of any species in a population using "per unit time" for measurement....

and urbanisation. Due to the lack of authoritative contemporary sources, estimates of the population of England

England

England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...

for dates prior to the first census in 1801 vary considerably.

Population

The population at the time of the 2001 census was 49,138,831

Male
Male
Male refers to the biological sex of an organism, or part of an organism, which produces small mobile gametes, called spermatozoa. Each spermatozoon can fuse with a larger female gamete or ovum, in the process of fertilization...

: 23,922,144
Female
Female
Female is the sex of an organism, or a part of an organism, which produces non-mobile ova .- Defining characteristics :The ova are defined as the larger gametes in a heterogamous reproduction system, while the smaller, usually motile gamete, the spermatozoon, is produced by the male...

: 25,216,687
Total: 100

Total Fertility Rate
Total Fertility Rate
The total fertility rate of a population is the average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime if she were to experience the exact current age-specific fertility rates through her lifetime, and she...

: 1.97 (higher than Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

- 1.42 & Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...

- 1.40, lower than France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

- 2.02)

Historical Population

1100 -3.25 million.
1315 - Between 4 and 6 million.
1350 - 3 million or less.
1541 - 2,774,000 Estimates for 1541-1751 have been rounded to the nearest thousand
1601 - 4,110,000
1651 - 5,228,000
1701 - 5,058,000
1751 - 5,772,000
1801 - 8,308,000 at the time of the first (one off) census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...

(probably underestimated) Census officials estimated at the time that there had been an increase of 77% in the preceding 100 years. In each county women were in the majority. Wrigley and Schofield estimate 8,664,000 based on birth and death records.
1811 - 9,496,000
1821 - 11,158,000
1831 - 12,993,000
1841 - 14,866,000 (beginning of regular censuses)
1851 - 16,769,400
1861 - 18,776,300
1871 - 21,298,000
1881 - 24,402,700
1891 - 27,231,200
1901 - 30,515,000
1911 - 33,651,600
1921 - 35,230,200
1931 - 37,359,000
1951 - 41,042,200
1961 - 43,983,300
1971 - 45,870,100
1981 - 46,623,500
1991 - 48,067,300
2001 - 49,138,831
2002 - 49,652,000
2003 - 49,866,000
2004 - 50,111,000
2005 - 50,466,000
2006 - 50,762,900
2007 - 51,092,000
2008 - 51,456,400

Place of birth

England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...

87.89%
UK: 90.7%
EU
European Union
The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...

elsewhere: 2.3%
Outside EU: 7.0%

Age

The data below is based on the 2001 census. In 2001, the mean age of England's population was 38.60, and the median age was 37.00.

Ages attained (years)	Population	% of total population	% per year of age band
0 - 4	2,926,238	5.96	1.19
5 - 7	1,838,668	3.74	1.25
8 - 9	1,283,861	2.61	1.31
10 - 14	3,229,047	6.57	1.32
15	623,767	1.27	1.27
16 - 17	1,231,266	2.51	1.25
18 - 19	1,177,571	2.40	1.20
20 - 24	2,952,719	6.01	1.20
25 - 29	3,268,660	6.65	1.33
30 - 44	11,127,511	22.65	1.51
45 - 59	9,279,693	18.88	1.26
60 - 64	2,391,830	4.87	0.97
65 - 74	4,102,841	8.35	0.84
75 - 84	2,751,135	5.60	0.56
85 - 89	637,701	1.30	0.26
90+	316,323	0.64	-

Life expectancy at birth

January 2001 - December 2003
- Males: 76.24 years
- Females: 80.72 years
January 2002 - December 2004
- Males: 76.55 years
- Females: 80.91 years
January 2003 - December 2005
- Males: 76.92 years
- Females: 81.14 years

Ethnicity

The 2001 census and 2009 estimates state the following ethnic groups:

Ethnic group	2001 population	2001 percentage	2009 population	2009 percentage
White White people White people is a term which usually refers to human beings characterized, at least in part, by the light pigmentation of their skin... : British White British White British was an ethnicity classification used in the 2001 United Kingdom Census. As a result of the census, 50,366,497 people in the United Kingdom were classified as White British. In Scotland the classification was broken down into two different categories: White Scottish and Other White...	42,747,136	86.99%	42,893,400	82.8%
White: Irish	624,115	1.27%	558,100	1.1%
White: Other White Other (United Kingdom Census) The term Other White is used in the UK census to describe people who self-identify as white persons who are not British nor Irish. The category does not comprise a single ethnic group but is instead a method of identification for white people who are not represented by other white census categories...	1,308,110	2.66%	1,861,800	3.6%
Asian Asian people Asian people or Asiatic people is a term with multiple meanings that refers to people who descend from a portion of Asia's population.- Central Asia :... or Asian British British Asian British Asian is a term used to describe British citizens who descended from mainly South Asia, also known as South Asians in the United Kingdom... : Indian Non-resident Indian and Person of Indian Origin A Non-Resident Indian is an Indian citizen who has migrated to another country, a person of Indian origin who is born outside India, or a person of Indian origin who resides permanently outside India. Other terms with the same meaning are overseas Indian and expatriate Indian...	1,028,546	2.09%	1,414,100	2.7%
Asian or Asian British: Pakistani	706,539	1.44%	990,700	1.9%
Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi British Bangladeshi A British Bangladeshi is a person of Bangladeshi origin who resides in the United Kingdom having emigrated to the UK and attained citizenship through naturalisation or whose parents did so; they are also known as British Bengalis...	275,394	0.56%	384,300	0.7%
Asian or Asian British: Other South Asian British Asian British Asian is a term used to describe British citizens who descended from mainly South Asia, also known as South Asians in the United Kingdom...	237,810	0.48%	377,700	0.7%
Black Black people The term black people is used in systems of racial classification for humans of a dark skinned phenotype, relative to other racial groups.Different societies apply different criteria regarding who is classified as "black", and often social variables such as class, socio-economic status also plays a... or Black British Black British Black British is a term used to describe British people of Black African descent, especially those of Afro-Caribbean background. The term has been used from the 1950s to refer to Black people from former British colonies in the West Indies and Africa, who are residents of the United Kingdom and... : Caribbean British African-Caribbean community The British African Caribbean communities are residents of the United Kingdom who are of West Indian background and whose ancestors were primarily indigenous to Africa...	561,246	1.14%	609,400	1.2%
Black or Black British: African Black British Black British is a term used to describe British people of Black African descent, especially those of Afro-Caribbean background. The term has been used from the 1950s to refer to Black people from former British colonies in the West Indies and Africa, who are residents of the United Kingdom and...	475,938	0.97%	787,500	1.5%
Black or Black British: Other Other Black Other Black is an ethnicity category used by the Office of National Statistics in the United Kingdom. It is one of three "Black or Black British" ethnicity options used in ONS statistics, alongside Black African and Black Caribbean....	95,324	0.19%	124,500	0.2%
Mixed	643,373	1.31%	956,700	1.9%
Chinese British Chinese British Chinese , including British-born Chinese are people of Chinese ancestry who were born in, or have migrated to, the United Kingdom. They are part of the Chinese diaspora, or overseas Chinese... or Other: Chinese British Chinese British Chinese , including British-born Chinese are people of Chinese ancestry who were born in, or have migrated to, the United Kingdom. They are part of the Chinese diaspora, or overseas Chinese...	220,681	0.45%	439,500	0.8%
Chinese or Other: Other	214,619	0.44%	412,100	0.8%
Total	49,138,831	100%	51,809,700	100%

These groups are often combined into broader categories:

Ethnic group	2001 population	2001 percentage	2009 population	2009 percentage
White	44,679,361	90.92%	45,313,300	87.5%
Asian or Asian British	2,248,289	4.58%	3,166,800	6.0%
Black or Black British	1,132,508	2.30%	1,521,400	2.9%
Mixed	643,373	1.31%	956,700	1.9%
Chinese	220,681	0.45%	439,500	0.8%
Other	214,619	0.44%	412,100	0.8%

Source: KS06 Ethnic group: Census 2001, Key Statistics for local Authorities and KS06 Ethnic group: Estimates 2009.

Religion

Christian
Christian
A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as recorded in the Canonical gospels and the letters of the New Testament...

: 71.75%
No religion: 14.81%
Not stated: 15%
Muslim
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...

: 2.97%
Hindu
Hindu
Hindu refers to an identity associated with the philosophical, religious and cultural systems that are indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. As used in the Constitution of India, the word "Hindu" is also attributed to all persons professing any Indian religion...

: 1.06%
Sikh
Sikh
A Sikh is a follower of Sikhism. It primarily originated in the 15th century in the Punjab region of South Asia. The term "Sikh" has its origin in Sanskrit term शिष्य , meaning "disciple, student" or शिक्ष , meaning "instruction"...

: 0.63%
Jewish: 0.5%
Other: 0.29%
Buddhist: 0.28%

Source: UK census - Table KS07 Religion.

External links

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