Day of Wrath
Encyclopedia
Day of Wrath is a black-and-white
film, made in 1943, by Danish
director Carl Theodor Dreyer
. The film is an adaptation of Anne Pedersdotter (1909) by the Norwegian
playwright Hans Wiers-Jenssen
, based on an actual Norwegian case
in the sixteenth century.
), a young woman, has been married since childhood to the aged local pastor, Absalon Pedersson (Thorkild Roose), who is involved with the trials of witches, and they live in a house shared with his strict domineering mother Meret (Sigrid Neiiendam). Meret does not approve of Anne, much younger than her husband, being about the same age as the son from his first marriage. Anne gives Herlof's Marte refuge, but Marte is soon discovered in the house, though she is presumed to have hidden herself there without assistance. Herlof's Marte knows that Anne's mother, already dead at the time of the events depicted, had been accused of witchcraft as well, and had been spared thanks to Absalon's intervention, who aimed at marrying young Anne.
Anne is thus informed by Herlof's Marte of her mother's power over people's life and death, and become intrigued in the matter.
Absalon's son from first marriage, Martin (Preben Lerdorff Rye
), returns home from abroad and he and Anne are immediately attracted to one another; she does not love her husband and considers him not to love her. Under heavy torture Herlof's Marte confesses to witchcraft, defined among other evidence as wishing for the death of other people, but threatens to expose Anne if Absalon does not rescue her from a guilty verdict, begging him to save her like he saved Anne's mother. Marte though, after pleading with Absalon a second time, does not betray his secret and is burned at the stake
with the villagers looking on. Absalon feels his guilt over having saved Anne's mother, but leaving Marte to burn. Anne and Martin, clandestinely growing closer, are seen as having changed in recent days, fuelling Meret's suspicion of Anne's character. Anne is heard laughing in Martin's company by her husband, something which had not occurred in their time together. Absalon regrets that he took Anne's hand disregarding her feeling and true intentions, and tells her so, apologising for stealing her youth and happiness.
A violent storm erupts while Absalon is away visiting a dying young parishioner Laurentius (Olaf Ussing); he had been cursed by Herlof's Marte during her interrogation and foretold an imminent death.
Meanwhile, Anne and Martin are discussing the future, and she is forced to admit wishing her husband dead, but only as an "if" rather than it actually happening. At that moment Absalon, on his way home, feels "like the touching of death itself". On Absalon's return, Anne confesses her love for Martin to her husband and tells him she wishes him dead; he collapses and dies calling Martin's name. Anne screams. The following morning Martin is overcome by his own doubts, despite Anne claiming that she had nothing to do with his father's death which she sees as providential help from above to release her from her present misery and unhappy marriage. At Absalon's funeral, Anne is denounced by Meret, her mother-in-law, as a witch. Anne initially denies the charge, but when Martin sides with his grandmother she is faced with the loss of his love and trust, and confesses on her husband's open coffin (bier) that she murdered him and enchanted his son with the Devil's help. Her fate appears sealed.
(1940–1945).
Black-and-white
Black-and-white, often abbreviated B/W or B&W, is a term referring to a number of monochrome forms in visual arts.Black-and-white as a description is also something of a misnomer, for in addition to black and white, most of these media included varying shades of gray...
film, made in 1943, by Danish
Denmark
Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
director Carl Theodor Dreyer
Carl Theodor Dreyer
Carl Theodor Dreyer, Jr. was a Danish film director. He is regarded by many critics and filmmakers as one of the greatest directors in cinema.-Life:Dreyer was born illegitimate in Copenhagen, Denmark...
. The film is an adaptation of Anne Pedersdotter (1909) by the Norwegian
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
playwright Hans Wiers-Jenssen
Hans Wiers-Jenssen
Hans Wiers-Jenssen was a Norwegian novelist, playwright, stage producer and theatre historian. Wiers-Jenssen was employed at the theatres Christiania Theatre, Nationaltheatret and Den Nationale Scene.-Personal life:...
, based on an actual Norwegian case
Anne Pedersdotter
Anne Pedersdotter was an alleged Norwegian witch. Her case was one of the most documented of the many witch trials in Norway in the 16th and 17th centuries...
in the sixteenth century.
Plot
Day of Wrath is set in a Danish village in 1623 where an old woman Herlof's Marte (Anna Svierkier) is accused of witchcraft. Anne (Lisbeth MovinLisbeth Movin
Lisbeth Movin was a Danish actress of stage and film best known for her role as Anne, the pastor's wife accused of witchcraft in the 1943 film Day of Wrath directed by Carl Theodor Dreyer. She also appeared as the widow in the 1987 screen adaptation of Babette's Feast, directed by Gabriel Axel...
), a young woman, has been married since childhood to the aged local pastor, Absalon Pedersson (Thorkild Roose), who is involved with the trials of witches, and they live in a house shared with his strict domineering mother Meret (Sigrid Neiiendam). Meret does not approve of Anne, much younger than her husband, being about the same age as the son from his first marriage. Anne gives Herlof's Marte refuge, but Marte is soon discovered in the house, though she is presumed to have hidden herself there without assistance. Herlof's Marte knows that Anne's mother, already dead at the time of the events depicted, had been accused of witchcraft as well, and had been spared thanks to Absalon's intervention, who aimed at marrying young Anne.
Anne is thus informed by Herlof's Marte of her mother's power over people's life and death, and become intrigued in the matter.
Absalon's son from first marriage, Martin (Preben Lerdorff Rye
Preben Lerdorff Rye
Preben Lerdorff Rye was a Danish film actor. He appeared in 92 films between 1941 and 1989.He was born and died in Denmark.-Filmography:* En ganske almindelig pige * Tante Cramers testamente...
), returns home from abroad and he and Anne are immediately attracted to one another; she does not love her husband and considers him not to love her. Under heavy torture Herlof's Marte confesses to witchcraft, defined among other evidence as wishing for the death of other people, but threatens to expose Anne if Absalon does not rescue her from a guilty verdict, begging him to save her like he saved Anne's mother. Marte though, after pleading with Absalon a second time, does not betray his secret and is burned at the stake
Execution by burning
Death by burning is death brought about by combustion. As a form of capital punishment, burning has a long history as a method in crimes such as treason, heresy, and witchcraft....
with the villagers looking on. Absalon feels his guilt over having saved Anne's mother, but leaving Marte to burn. Anne and Martin, clandestinely growing closer, are seen as having changed in recent days, fuelling Meret's suspicion of Anne's character. Anne is heard laughing in Martin's company by her husband, something which had not occurred in their time together. Absalon regrets that he took Anne's hand disregarding her feeling and true intentions, and tells her so, apologising for stealing her youth and happiness.
A violent storm erupts while Absalon is away visiting a dying young parishioner Laurentius (Olaf Ussing); he had been cursed by Herlof's Marte during her interrogation and foretold an imminent death.
Meanwhile, Anne and Martin are discussing the future, and she is forced to admit wishing her husband dead, but only as an "if" rather than it actually happening. At that moment Absalon, on his way home, feels "like the touching of death itself". On Absalon's return, Anne confesses her love for Martin to her husband and tells him she wishes him dead; he collapses and dies calling Martin's name. Anne screams. The following morning Martin is overcome by his own doubts, despite Anne claiming that she had nothing to do with his father's death which she sees as providential help from above to release her from her present misery and unhappy marriage. At Absalon's funeral, Anne is denounced by Meret, her mother-in-law, as a witch. Anne initially denies the charge, but when Martin sides with his grandmother she is faced with the loss of his love and trust, and confesses on her husband's open coffin (bier) that she murdered him and enchanted his son with the Devil's help. Her fate appears sealed.
Production
Day of Wrath was made during the period of the Nazi occupation of DenmarkOccupation of Denmark
Nazi Germany's occupation of Denmark began with Operation Weserübung on 9 April 1940, and lasted until German forces withdrew at the end of World War II following their surrender to the Allies on 5 May 1945. Contrary to the situation in other countries under German occupation, most Danish...
(1940–1945).
External links
- Day of Wrath at Rotten TomatoesRotten TomatoesRotten Tomatoes is a website devoted to reviews, information, and news of films—widely known as a film review aggregator. Its name derives from the cliché of audiences throwing tomatoes and other vegetables at a poor stage performance...
- Criterion Collection essay by Jonathan Rosenbaum