David Purviance
Encyclopedia
David Purviance, 1766–1847, was a member of the Kentucky legislature
, a member of the Ohio legislature
, and an important early leader in the Stone-Campbell Restoration Movement
. He was also founder of Miami University
of Oxford, Ohio
and often served as its president pro tempore.
in Bourbon County, Kentucky
, site of a series of continual camp meeting
s from 1801-1804. In Kentucky, David Purviance, at first a farmer, engaged in significant debates with John C. Breckinridge
over the proper relationship between church and state. After separating from the Presbyterian church and persuading numerous Presbyterians and Baptists to join the Christian Church
movement, David Purviance removed from Bourbon County near Paris to "New Paris" in Preble County, Ohio
, for two principal reasons, viz., to help spread the new Christian Church movement from its Kentucky base; and because he was an abolitionist in a time when slavery sentiment predominated in Kentucky.
David Purviance was a signatory of the Last Will and Testament of the Springfield Presbytery
formally dissolving the presbytery
, which had previously withdrawn from the Presbyterian Synod of Kentucky. The Last Will and Testament marked the birth of the Christian Church of the West and became a founding document of the Restoration Movement
.
, an ending point for many colonial pioneers migrating from Pennsylvania
down the Great Wagon Road
of the 18th century, David Purviance's family had removed in 1791 to Sumner County
in Middle Tennessee
to help found the old Shiloh Presbyterian Church outside today's Gallatin, Tennessee
. In 1792, the Purviance family including son David Purviance removed from Sumner County to farmland near Cane Ridge in the bluegrass
near Paris, Kentucky
, because David Purviance's brother John Purviance had been "scalped" by hostile native Americans in the year 1792. The murdered man's wife, Martha King (Mrs. John Purviance, later Mrs. William McCorkle) watched helplessly as her husband was slain and was forcibly restrained by family from running to aid the hapless John Purviance. After the "scalping" the Purviance family considered Sumner County temporarily unsafe for white pioneers at the time, although the parents of David Purviance returned to Sumner County, from which Wilson County, Tennessee, was to be carved in 1799.
Kentucky General Assembly
The Kentucky General Assembly, also called the Kentucky Legislature, is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Kentucky.The General Assembly meets annually in the state capitol building in Frankfort, Kentucky, convening on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in January...
, a member of the Ohio legislature
Ohio General Assembly
The Ohio General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Ohio. It consists of the 99-member Ohio House of Representatives and the 33-member Ohio Senate...
, and an important early leader in the Stone-Campbell Restoration Movement
Restoration Movement
The Restoration Movement is a Christian movement that began on the American frontier during the Second Great Awakening of the early 19th century...
. He was also founder of Miami University
Miami University
Miami University is a coeducational public research university located in Oxford, Ohio, United States. Founded in 1809, it is the 10th oldest public university in the United States and the second oldest university in Ohio, founded four years after Ohio University. In its 2012 edition, U.S...
of Oxford, Ohio
Oxford, Ohio
Oxford is a city in northwestern Butler County, Ohio, United States, in the southwestern portion of the state. It lies in Oxford Township, originally called the College Township. The population was 21,943 at the 2000 census. This college town was founded as a home for Miami University. Oxford...
and often served as its president pro tempore.
Role in the Restoration Movement
The religious fervor of the early 19th century U.S. western frontier found its strongest voice at Cane Ridge Meeting HouseCane Ridge, Kentucky
Cane Ridge, Kentucky, USA was the site, in 1801, of a large camp meeting that drew thousands of people and had a lasting influence as one of the landmark events of the Second Great Awakening. Methodists, Baptists and Presbyterians all participated, and many of the "spiritual exercises", such as...
in Bourbon County, Kentucky
Bourbon County, Kentucky
Bourbon County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. It is the remnant of what was previously a much larger Bourbon County, established as part of Virginia in 1785, and comprising what are now thirty-four modern Kentucky counties...
, site of a series of continual camp meeting
Camp meeting
The camp meeting is a form of Protestant Christian religious service originating in Britain and once common in some parts of the United States, wherein people would travel from a large area to a particular site to camp out, listen to itinerant preachers, and pray...
s from 1801-1804. In Kentucky, David Purviance, at first a farmer, engaged in significant debates with John C. Breckinridge
John C. Breckinridge
John Cabell Breckinridge was an American lawyer and politician. He served as a U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator from Kentucky and was the 14th Vice President of the United States , to date the youngest vice president in U.S...
over the proper relationship between church and state. After separating from the Presbyterian church and persuading numerous Presbyterians and Baptists to join the Christian Church
Christians (Stone Movement)
The Christians were a group arising during the Second Great Awakening of the early 19th century. The most prominent leader was Barton W. Stone. The group was committed to restoring primitive Christianity...
movement, David Purviance removed from Bourbon County near Paris to "New Paris" in Preble County, Ohio
Preble County, Ohio
As of the census of 2000, there were 42,337 people, 16,001 households, and 12,144 families residing in the county. The population density was 100 people per square mile . There were 17,186 housing units at an average density of 40 per square mile...
, for two principal reasons, viz., to help spread the new Christian Church movement from its Kentucky base; and because he was an abolitionist in a time when slavery sentiment predominated in Kentucky.
David Purviance was a signatory of the Last Will and Testament of the Springfield Presbytery
Springfield Presbytery
The Springfield Presbytery was an independent presbytery that became one of the earliest expressions of the Stone-Campbell Movement. It was composed of Presbyterian ministers who withdrew from the jurisdiction of the Presbyterian Synod of Kentucky on September 10, 1803...
formally dissolving the presbytery
Presbyterian polity
Presbyterian polity is a method of church governance typified by the rule of assemblies of presbyters, or elders. Each local church is governed by a body of elected elders usually called the session or consistory, though other terms, such as church board, may apply...
, which had previously withdrawn from the Presbyterian Synod of Kentucky. The Last Will and Testament marked the birth of the Christian Church of the West and became a founding document of the Restoration Movement
Restoration Movement
The Restoration Movement is a Christian movement that began on the American frontier during the Second Great Awakening of the early 19th century...
.
Personal and family history
Born in Iredell County, North CarolinaIredell County, North Carolina
Iredell County, along with Moore County in the eastern Piedmont, are among a very few counties in the United States sharing borders with nine adjacent counties.-Demographics:...
, an ending point for many colonial pioneers migrating from Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania is a U.S. state that is located in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. The state borders Delaware and Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, New York and Ontario, Canada, to the north, and New Jersey to...
down the Great Wagon Road
Great Wagon Road
The Great Wagon Road was a colonial American improved trail transiting the Great Appalachian Valley from Pennsylvania to North Carolina, and from there to Georgia....
of the 18th century, David Purviance's family had removed in 1791 to Sumner County
Sumner County, Tennessee
Sumner County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of 2000, the population was 130,449. Its county seat is Gallatin, but its largest town is Hendersonville...
in Middle Tennessee
Middle Tennessee
Middle Tennessee is a distinct portion of the state of Tennessee, delineated according to state law as the 41 counties in the Middle Grand Division of Tennessee....
to help found the old Shiloh Presbyterian Church outside today's Gallatin, Tennessee
Gallatin, Tennessee
Gallatin is a city in and the county seat of Sumner County, Tennessee, United States, along a navigable tributary of the Cumberland River. The population was 23,230 at the 2000 census. Named for U.S...
. In 1792, the Purviance family including son David Purviance removed from Sumner County to farmland near Cane Ridge in the bluegrass
Bluegrass region
The Bluegrass Region is a geographic region in the state of Kentucky, United States. It occupies the northern part of the state and since European settlement has contained a majority of the state's population and its largest cities....
near Paris, Kentucky
Paris, Kentucky
As of the census of 2000, there were 9,183 people, 3,857 households, and 2,487 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 4,222 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 84.23% White, 12.71% African American, 0.16% Native American, 0.16%...
, because David Purviance's brother John Purviance had been "scalped" by hostile native Americans in the year 1792. The murdered man's wife, Martha King (Mrs. John Purviance, later Mrs. William McCorkle) watched helplessly as her husband was slain and was forcibly restrained by family from running to aid the hapless John Purviance. After the "scalping" the Purviance family considered Sumner County temporarily unsafe for white pioneers at the time, although the parents of David Purviance returned to Sumner County, from which Wilson County, Tennessee, was to be carved in 1799.
External links
- Levi Purviance (1848). The Biography of Elder David Purviance, with His Memoirs: Containing His Views on Baptism, the Divinity of Christ, and the Atonement. Written by Himself: with an Appendix; Giving Biographical Sketches of Elders John Hardy, Reuben Dooly, William Dye, Thos. Kyle, George Shidler, William Kinkade, Thomas Adams, Samuel Kyle, and Nathan Worley. Together with a Historical Sketch of the Great Kentucky Revival. Electronic version available from University of North Carolina.