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Csongrád (former county)
Encyclopedia
Csongrád was a historic administrative county (comitatus
) of the Kingdom of Hungary
. Its territory, which was smaller than that of present Csongrád county
, is presently in southern Hungary
and northern Serbia
. The capital of the county was Szentes
.
, this name means "a black city" (čon/čorni = black, grad = city/town). Indeed, the county was named after a town of Csongrád
.
, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok
, Békés
, Csanád, Torontál
and Bács-Bodrog
. The river Tisza
flowed through the county. Its area was 3,544 km² around 1910.
. It was taken by the Ottoman Empire
in the 16th century, and by the Habsburg Monarchy
in the end of the 17th century.
In 1920, the Treaty of Trianon
assigned a small part of the territory of the county (a small area around Horgoš
in northern Vojvodina
) to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (renamed to Yugoslavia in 1929). The rest remained in Hungary
.
After World War II
, the southern part of former Csanád-Arad-Torontál county (the Hungarian part of pre-1918 Torontál
county and the south-western part of pre-1918 Csanád county) was added to Csongrád county.
Population by language (1910 census):
Comitatus (Kingdom of Hungary)
A county is the name of a type of administrative units in the Kingdom of Hungary and in Hungary from the 10th century until the present day....
) of the Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
. Its territory, which was smaller than that of present Csongrád county
Csongrád (county)
This article is about the county. For the town see Csongrád. For the historical comitatus see Csongrád .Csongrád is the name of an administrative county in southern Hungary, on the both sides of the river Tisza, on the border with Serbia and Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties...
, is presently in southern Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
and northern Serbia
Serbia
Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
. The capital of the county was Szentes
Szentes
-External links:* * http://www.szentes.hu/index1-eng.htm*...
.
Name
Name Csongrád/Čongrad is Slavic by origin. In Slavic languagesSlavic languages
The Slavic languages , a group of closely related languages of the Slavic peoples and a subgroup of Indo-European languages, have speakers in most of Eastern Europe, in much of the Balkans, in parts of Central Europe, and in the northern part of Asia.-Branches:Scholars traditionally divide Slavic...
, this name means "a black city" (čon/čorni = black, grad = city/town). Indeed, the county was named after a town of Csongrád
Csongrád
Csongrád is a town in Csongrád County in southern Hungary. Formerly, the city also had the alternate Slavic name of Černigrad, which, like the Hungarian version, means "Black Castle" or "Black Town".-History:...
.
Geography
Csongrád county shared borders with the Hungarian counties Pest-Pilis-Solt-KiskunPest-Pilis-Solt-Kiskun
Pest-Pilis-Solt-Kiskun is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently in central Hungary, comprising the territory of the present Hungarian county Pest and the northern part of present Bács-Kiskun county...
, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok
Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok (former county)
Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok is the name of an administrative county in the former Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which is presently in central Hungary, was slightly smaller than that of present Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county...
, Békés
Békés (county)
Békés County , is an administrative division in south-eastern Hungary, on the border with Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Csongrád, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok and Hajdú-Bihar. The capital of Békés county is Békéscsaba...
, Csanád, Torontál
Torontál
Torontál was the name of administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary, Austria-Hungary. Its territory is presently in northern Serbia , western Romania and southern Hungary...
and Bács-Bodrog
Bács-Bodrog
Bács-Bodrog County was the administrative county of the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary from 18th century to 1918. Its territory is currently in northern Serbia and southern Hungary. The capital of the county was Zombor .-Name:The county was named after two older counties: Bács and Bodrog...
. The river Tisza
Tisza
The Tisza or Tisa is one of the main rivers of Central Europe. It rises in Ukraine, and is formed near Rakhiv by the junction of headwaters White Tisa, whose source is in the Chornohora mountains and Black Tisa, which springs in the Gorgany range...
flowed through the county. Its area was 3,544 km² around 1910.
History
Csongrád county arose in the 11th century as one of the first comitatus of the Kingdom of HungaryKingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
. It was taken by the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
in the 16th century, and by the Habsburg Monarchy
Habsburg Monarchy
The Habsburg Monarchy covered the territories ruled by the junior Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg , and then by the successor House of Habsburg-Lorraine , between 1526 and 1867/1918. The Imperial capital was Vienna, except from 1583 to 1611, when it was moved to Prague...
in the end of the 17th century.
In 1920, the Treaty of Trianon
Treaty of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon was the peace agreement signed in 1920, at the end of World War I, between the Allies of World War I and Hungary . The treaty greatly redefined and reduced Hungary's borders. From its borders before World War I, it lost 72% of its territory, which was reduced from to...
assigned a small part of the territory of the county (a small area around Horgoš
Horgoš
Horgoš is a village located in Kanjiža municipality, in the North Banat District of Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The village has a Hungarian ethnic majority and its population numbering 6,325 people ....
in northern Vojvodina
Vojvodina
Vojvodina, officially called Autonomous Province of Vojvodina is an autonomous province of Serbia. Its capital and largest city is Novi Sad...
) to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (renamed to Yugoslavia in 1929). The rest remained in Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
.
After World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, the southern part of former Csanád-Arad-Torontál county (the Hungarian part of pre-1918 Torontál
Torontál
Torontál was the name of administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary, Austria-Hungary. Its territory is presently in northern Serbia , western Romania and southern Hungary...
county and the south-western part of pre-1918 Csanád county) was added to Csongrád county.
Demographics
According to the census of 1910, the county had 325,568 inhabitants.Population by language (1910 census):
- Hungarian = 319,274
- German = 2,862
- Serbian = 1,235
Subdivisions
In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Csongrád county were:| Districts (járás) | |
|---|---|
| District | Capital |
| Csongrád | Csongrád Csongrád Csongrád is a town in Csongrád County in southern Hungary. Formerly, the city also had the alternate Slavic name of Černigrad, which, like the Hungarian version, means "Black Castle" or "Black Town".-History:... |
| Tiszáninnen | Kiskundorozsma |
| Tiszántúl | Mindszent Mindszent Mindszent is a town in Csongrád county, in the Southern Great Plain region of southern Hungary.-Geography:It covers an area of and has a population of 7031 people .... |
| Urban counties (törvényhatósági jogú város) | |
| Hódmezővásárhely Hódmezovásárhely Hódmezővásárhely , Romanian: Ioneşti) is a city in south-east Hungary, on the Great Hungarian Plain, at the meeting point of the Békés-Csanádi Ridge and the clay grassland surrounding the river Tisza... |
|
| Szeged Szeged ' is the third largest city of Hungary, the largest city and regional centre of the Southern Great Plain and the county town of Csongrád county. The University of Szeged is one of the most distinguished universities in Hungary.... |
|
| Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város) | |
| Szentes Szentes -External links:* * http://www.szentes.hu/index1-eng.htm*... |
|